465 research outputs found
Supplemental material for NOD1/NOD2-mediated recognition of non-typeable <i>Haemophilus influenzae</i> activates innate immunity during otitis media
No full textSupplemental Material for NOD1/NOD2-mediated recognition of non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae activates innate immunity during otitis media by Jasmine Lee, Anke Leichtle, Emily Zuckerman, Kwang Pak, Meghan Spriggs, Stephen I Wasserman and Arwa Kurabi in Innate Immunity</p
Ten Emotions Examined Through Videoclips: Boredom, Revulsion, Sadness, Pain, Fear, Haste, Aggression, Geborgenheit (something like Comfort), Joy, Equanimity
No full textArt and science often face each other as antipodes in the academic world. They differ fundamentally in their methodical approach. Artistic work aims at the precise analysis and understanding of subjective thoughts and feelings. In contrast, science is theory-driven and focused on objective findings and generalizable results. This archive was created to bring both into discourse.
It includes:
- A description of a an artistic-research process that explored the understanding of ten emotions (Zeißig, A. (2018). The Creative Act as a Mode of Research: Ten Emotions - Ten Films. Weinböhla: edition neuhaus. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.4852).
- A database of ten developed videos exploring the emotions of boredom, revulsion, sadness, pain, fear, haste, aggression, comfort, joy and equanimity (Zeißig, A. (2018). Database of Ten Emotions - Ten Films. Weinböhla: edition neuhaus. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.4851).
- The result of a first empirical study to investigate the induction of intended emotions (Zeißig, A. (2019-07-17). Ten Emotions - Ten Films [Poster presentation]. International Society for Research on Emotion Conference, University of Amsterdam. PsychArchives. http://dx.doi.org/10.23668/psycharchives.4853).
The project is looking for interested researchers and collaborations to further test the videos. Since the videos are language-free and free of culture or time specific elements, narration or dramaturgy it would be interesting to cooperate transnationally and international to discuss the development of culture-free emotion induction methods.This is a secondary publication of: Zeißig, A. (2018). The Creative Act as a Mode of Research: Ten Emotion - Ten Films. Weinböhla: edition neuhaus. (Book with DVD). More information on the author can be found under: http://www.ankezeissig.de/ and https://www.b-tu.de/fg-paedagogische-psychologie/team/anke-zeissig."Boredom: Video “Study IV”;
Revulsion: Video “Pond”;
Sadness: Video “Ocean Rain”;
Pain: Video “Paradise Desert”;
Fear: Video “Through and Through”;
Haste: Video “RushHush”;
Aggression: Video “19992000”;
Geborgenheit (something like Comfort): Video “RedRed”;
Joy: Video “Bob”;
Equanimity: Video “Stairway Music”reviewe
Indication, surgical procedure and clinical performance of the new active osseointegrated implant system, the Osia™ System
No full textImmunmodulation der chronischen Otitis media
No full textChronic otitis media is one of the most common diseases of the ear and is therefore one of the most important causes of acquired and preventable hearing loss. Clinical manifestations range from hearing loss to vestibular dysfunction and facial paralysis to intracranial complications with fatal consequences.
The pathogenesis is still not fully understood, and a multifactorial etiology is currently assumed. The innate immune system and its response to pathogens play an important role here. The most common bacterial pathogens of acute otitis media are Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, or Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Staphylococcus aureus in chronic cases. Previous viral infections of the upper respiratory tract increase the incidence of otitis media and subsequent chronicity. The progressive inflammatory-destructive processes lead to the destruction of sensitive structures of the middle ear and surrounding structures.
Current treatment of chronic otitis media consists of topical and systemic antibiotics, improvement of middle ear ventilation through grommets, and ultimately remedial microsurgical ear surgery.
Due to the central importance of the innate immune system in the pathogenesis of chronic otitis media, the following three studies investigated the innate immune system networks of the middle ear mucosa with a view to potential new immunological therapeutic approaches. The studies were conducted on mouse models, human tissue samples and cell cultures of human middle ear mucosa. Histological and immunohistochemical examinations, gene microarrays, MTT assays, and PCR diagnostics were used.
The first study addressed the role of TNFα in chronic epitympanic otitis media (cholesteatoma). The study included both a TNF-deficient mouse model and the analysis of the expression of genes and effector molecules of the TNFα signaling cascade in human tissue samples. It has been shown that TNFα regulates both inflammatory and apoptotic processes and could therefore represent a potential target for targeted drug therapy.
This study was followed by a more comprehensive investigation of the various networks of the innate immune system. In addition to various mouse models and further gene expression analyses, studies were conducted on a cell culture of human middle ear epithelial cells. The resulting representation of the complex network of the innate immune system enables the explanation of differences in the presentation of chronic otitis media and points of departure for potential further pharmacological therapies.
The third study focused on the processes of the innate immune system in relation to the middle ear epithelium as the first line of defense. Based on the evolutionarily divergent origins, differences in the transformation and distribution of receptors of the innate immune system could be demonstrated. The epithelium could therefore represent the crucial hub for pharmacological therapeutic approaches.
These studies successfully demonstrated important signaling pathways of the innate immune system of the middle ear mucosa following pathogen contact. This regulatory network, with its activating and inhibitory control mechanisms, offers a diverse range of possibilities for pharmacological therapeutic approaches to reduce pro-inflammatory signals or improve negative regulation.Die chronische Otitis media stellt eine der häufigsten Erkrankungen des Ohres dar und ist somit einer der wichtigsten Gründe für einen erworbenen und vermeidbaren Hörverlust. Die klinische Manifestation reicht vom Hörverlust über vestibuläre Dysfunktion und Fazialisparese bis hin zu intrakraniellen Komplikationen mit letalen Folgen.
Die Pathogenese ist bis heute nicht vollständig geklärt, und es wird derzeit von einer multifaktoriellen Ätiologie ausgegangen. Eine wesentliche Rolle kommt hierbei dem angeborenen Immunsystem und seiner Reaktion auf Pathogene zu. Die häufigsten bakteriellen Erreger einer akuten Otitis media sind Streptococcus pneumoniae und Haemophilus influenzae bzw. Pseudomonas aeroginosa und Staphylococcus aureus bei Chronifizierung, vorausgegangene virale Infektionen der oberen Atemwege erhöhen die Inzidenz einer Otitis media und anschließende Chronifizierung. Die fortschreitenden entzündlich-destruierenden Prozesse führen hierbei zur Zerstörung sensibler Strukturen des Mittelohres sowie darüberhinausgehend umgebender Strukturen.
Die derzeitige Therapie der chronischen Otitis media besteht aus topischen und systemischen Antibiotika, Verbesserung der Mittelohrbelüftung durch Paukenröhrchen und schlussendlich einer sanierenden mikrochirurgischen Ohroperation.
Auf Grund der zentralen Bedeutung des angeborenen Immunsystems in der Pathogenese der chronischen Otitis media untersuchten die folgenden 3 Arbeiten die Netzwerke des angeborenen Immunsystems der Mittelohrschleimhaut im Hinblick möglicher neuer immunologischer Therapieansätze. Die Untersuchungen erfolgten an Mausmodellen, menschlichen Gewebeproben und Zellkulturen menschlicher Mittelohrschleimhaut. Hierbei kamen histologische und immunhistochemische Untersuchungen, Gen-Microarray, MTT-Assay und PCR-Diagnostik zur Anwendung.
Die erste Arbeit widmete sich der Rolle von TNFα in chronischer Otitis media epitympanalis (Cholesteatom). In die Untersuchung wurden sowohl ein TNF-defizientes Mausmodell als auch die Analyse der Expression von Genen und Effektormolekülen der TNFα-Signalkaskade an menschlichen Gewebeproben eingeschlossen. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass TNFα sowohl inflammatorisch als auch apoptotisch reguliert und somit einen möglichen Ansatzpunkt für eine gezielte medikamentöse Therapie darstellen könnte.
Dieser Arbeit schloss sich eine umfassendere Untersuchung der verschiedenen Netzwerke des angeborenen Immunsystems an. Neben verschiedenen Mausmodellen und weiterer Genexpressionsanalysen erfolgten Untersuchungen an einer Zellkultur menschlicher Mittelohepithelzellen. Die resultierende Darstellung des komplexen Netzwerks des angeborenen Immunsystems ermöglicht die Erklärung von Unterschieden im Erscheinungsbild der chronischen Otitis media und Ansatzpunkte für mögliche weitere pharmakologische Therapien.
Die dritte Arbeit fokussierte sich auf die Prozesse des angeborenen Immunsystems in Bezug auf das Epithel des Mittelohres als erste Abwehrbarriere. Es konnten, basierend auf den entwicklungsgeschichtlich divergenten Ursprüngen, Unterschiede in der Transformation und Verteilung von Rezeptoren des angeborenen Immunsystems dargestellt werden. Das Epithel könnte damit die entscheidende Schaltstelle für pharmakologische Therapieansätze darstellen.
Erfolgreich konnten mit diesen Arbeiten wichtige Signalwege des angeborenen Immunsystems der Mittelohrschleimhaut in Folge eines Pathogenkontakt dargestellt werden. Dieses regulatorische Netzwerk mit seinen aktivierenden und hemmenden Steuerungsmechanismen bietet eine vielfältige Möglichkeit für pharmakologische Therapieansätze um entzündungsfördernde Signale zu reduzieren oder die negative Regulation zu verbessern
Hemmung der Mikrovesikel-induzierten Tumorzellmigration durch das niedermolekulare Heparin Tinzaparin
No full textThe evolution of the innovation network and the technological system in a standard developing organization. The example of cellular telecommunications
No full textStandard developing organizations (SDOs) are voluntary inter-organizational collaborations with the goal to develop jointly compatibility standards for complex modular technological systems. This dissertation examines the evolution of the innovation network and technological system in a SDO with the perspective of complementing micro and macro level. The dissertation is rooted in the multidisciplinary complex system theory and draws on a broad range of literature from management, sociology, biology and physics with the common theme of bipartite network analysis. The innovation network is conceptualized as a bipartite network with ties between organizations and innovations to which they contribute. I show that technical capital, resources in the SDO and their match between organization and innovation, rather than social capital, network position, drive the tie formation in the innovation network. To answer the question of emerging order in an innovation ecology without formal hierarchy I borrow from the literature of ecological mutualistic networks. I show that a nested order emerges based on a parsimonious process of matching resources, that leads to a rather stable system over more than ten years. The evolution of the technological system in the SDO environment departs from the established life cycle model and is best described by a life spiral model with continuously increasing system performance rather than punctuated equilibria. The key distinction to market-based technological evolution is the coordinated and designed development process within the SDO, that allows to introduce new services and change core parts of the system based on architectural knowledge. As a consequence the development process follows a gradual change model with changing tempo. Furthermore the evolution is characterized by simultaneity of innovation types that identifies the SDO as ambidextrous organization with separation of exploitation and exploration on project level. The research context is Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) in the cellular telecommunications industry with data from 1992 to 2011.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Anke Piepenbrin
Correction to: Exponential stability of impulsive stochastic genetic regulatory networks with time-varying delays and reaction-diffusion
No full textAbstract In the publication of this article (Cao et al. in Adv. Differ. Equ. 2017:307, 2017), there was an error that the author Anke Meyer-Baese was missing. Anke Meyer-Baese contributed towards the methodological design, study concept, the biological interpretation of the parameters of the systems and the writing of the system’s description. Omission is due to an oversight. This has now been included in this erratum
External interventions and the duration of civil wars
No full textThe authors combine an empirical model of external intervention, with a theoretical model of civil war duration. Their empirical model of intervention allows them to analyze civil war duration, using"expected"rather than"actual"external intervention as an explanatory variable in the duration model. Unlike previous studies, they find that external intervention is positively associated with the duration of civil war. They distinguish partial third-party interventions that extend the length of war, from multilateral"peace"operations, which have a mandate to restore peace without taking sides - and which typically take place at war's end, or at least when both sides have agreed to a cease-fire. In a future paper, the authors will examine whether partial third-party interventions - whatever their effect on a war's duration - increase the risk of war's recurrence. If that proves true, then even if interventions reduce the length of civil war, they may do so at the cost of further destabilizing the political system, and sowing the seeds of future rebellion.Children and Youth,Peace&Peacekeeping,Post Conflict Reconstruction,Post Conflict Reconstruction,International Affairs,Post Conflict Reconstruction,Social Conflict and Violence,Peace&Peacekeeping,Post Conflict Reconstruction,International Affairs
Odd and even Maass cusp forms for Hecke triangle groups, and the billiard flow
No full textBy a transfer operator approach to Maass cusp forms and the Selberg zeta function for cofinite Hecke triangle groups, Moller and the present author found a factorization of the Selberg zeta function into a product of Fredholm determinants of transfer-operator-like families: Z(s) = det(1 - L-s(+)) det(1 - L-s(-)). In this article we show that the operator families L-s(+/-) arise as families of transfer operators for the triangle groups underlying the Hecke triangle groups, and that for s is an element of C, Res = 1/2, the operator L-s(+) (respectively L-s(-)) has a 1-eigenfunction if and only if there exists an even (respectively odd) Maass cusp form with eigenvalue s(1 - s). For non-arithmetic Hecke triangle groups, this result provides a new formulation of the Phillips-Sarnak conjecture on non-existence of even Maass cusp forms.Volkswagen Foundatio
“Practice believing that the world can change radically”: Interview with Malka Older
No full textFor the Latin American Futures edition of CROLAR, Anke Schwarz had a written conversation with Malka Older, author and Faculty Associate at Arizona State University School for the Future of Innovation in Society, on speculative fiction, contemporary dystopias, and the future of borders and nation states. Older’s cyberpunk Centenal Cycle trilogy is a finalist for the Hugo Award for Best Series. Her latest publication is the 2019 short story collection …And Other Disasters from Mason Jar Press. The interview was conducted in August/September 2020
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