1,721,004 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Zirconium - ab initio modelling of point defects diffusion
No full textLe Zirconium, sous forme d’alliage, est l’élément principal du gainage combustible des réacteurs nucléaires à eau pressurisée. Sous irradiation, les gaines s’allongent de manière significative, phénomène attribué à la croissance de boucles de dislocations lacunaires dans les plans de base de la structure hexagonale compacte. La compréhension des mécanismes à l’échelle atomique à l’origine de ce processus à motivé ce travail. Par le biais de la modélisation atomique ab initio nous avons étudié la structure et la mobilité des défauts ponctuels dans le Zirconium. Nous avons ainsi constaté que quatre défauts interstitiels possèdent des énergies de formation très proches, dans une fourchette de 0,11 eV. L’étude des chemins de migration nous a permis de dégager des énergies d’activation des sauts premiers voisins, utilisées comme paramètres d’entrée pour un code Monte Carlo cinétique. Ce code a été développé pour calculer le coefficient de diffusion du défaut interstitiel. Nos résultats conduisent à une migration deux fois plus rapide parallèlement aux plans de base que parallèlement à l’axe c, avec une énergie d’activation de 0,08 eV, indépendante de la direction. Le coefficient de diffusion de la lacune, estimé en utilisant un modèle à deux sauts, est également anisotrope, avec un processus plus rapide dans les plans de base que perpendiculairement à ceux-ci. L'influence de l'hydrogène sur la germination des boucles de dislocations lacunaires a été étudiée suite à l'observation expérimentale d'une accélération de la croissance des gaines en présence de cet élément.Zirconium is the main element of the cladding found in pressurized water reactors, under an alloy form. Under irradiation, the cladding elongate significantly, phenomena attributed to the vacancy dislocation loops growth in the basal planes of the hexagonal compact structure. The understanding of the atomic scale mechanisms originating this process motivated this work. Using the ab initio atomic modeling technique we studied the structure and mobility of point defects in Zirconium. This led us to find four interstitial point defects with formation energies in an interval of 0.11 eV. The migration paths study allowed the discovery of activation energies, used as entry parameters for a kinetic Monte Carlo code. This code was developed for calculating the diffusion coefficient of the interstitial point defect. Our results suggest a migration parallel to the basal plane twice as fast as one parallel to the c direction, with an activation energy of 0.08 eV, independent of the direction. The vacancy diffusion coefficient, estimated with a two-jump model, is also anisotropic, with a faster process in the basal planes than perpendicular to them. Hydrogen influence on the vacancy dislocation loops nucleation was also studied, due to recent experimental observations of cladding growth acceleration in the presence of this element
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Identification and characterization of a new zirconium hydride and mesoscopic-scale modeling of its precipitation using a phase field approach
No full textLe combustible des réacteurs à eau sous pression (REP) est confiné par une première barrière appelée gaine combustible constituée d'alliages de zirconium. A ce jour, la plupart des gaines combustibles sont fabriquées en Zircaloy-4. En service, les tubes de gainages absorbent une fraction de l'hydrogène dégagée par la réaction de corrosion du métal. De nombreuses études ont démontré le caractère fragilisant des hydrures vis à-vis des propriétés mécaniques des tubes de gainage. Afin de garantir leur intégrité lors du maintien en service mais également une fois hors service (phases de transport et d'entreposage), il est nécessaire de pouvoir prédire le comportement des alliages de zirconium hydrurés en fonction de l'environnement dans lequel ils se trouvent (changements brusques de température, application d'une contrainte ... ). A ce jour il n'existe pas de modèle de précipitation permettant de rendre compte de la microstructure observée en présence d'une contrainte externe. Dans l'objectif de pallier au moins partiellement ce manque, une étude de caractérisation des hydrures a été menée en utilisant les techniques de la Microscopie Electronique en Transmission (MET). Elle a conduit à l'identification d'une nouvelle phase d'hydrure appelée <. A l'issue du travail de caractérisation, une modélisation de la précipitation de cet hydrure à l'échelle mésoscopique a été menée en utilisant un modèle de champ de phases développé au cours de ce travail.Ln pile, zirconium alloys in contact with the primary medium are submitted to hydrogen absorption that has significant consequences on their thermodynamic, mechanical and corrosion behaviors. Therefore, hydrogen in solid solution or hydrides precipitation can affect Zirconium alloys behaviors during service but also in long term storage and in accidental conditions. For both fundamentals aspects and safety reasons it is important te understand the precipitation process and to predict the influence various parameters like temperature, stresses, cooling rates and microstructure may have. Numerical modeling at the mesoscopic scale is an appealing approach to describe the precipitation and the "phase field" method appears to be particularly weil suited. The achievement of a realistic mesoscopic modeling should take into account an accurate kinetic, thermodynamic and structural data base in order to properly describe hydride nucleation, growth and coalescence as weil as hydride interaction with externat stresses. Such a data base relies on experimental data that are not always available; this is the reason why an accu rate structural characterization was performed. Therefore transmission electron microscopy observations were carried out on Zircaloy 4 specimens with various H contents. From this study, a new hydride phase called <, coherent with the matrix, was identified
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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