1,721,453 research outputs found
MAGEH1 interacts with GADD45G and induces renal tubular cell apoptosis
Full text linkBackground Melanoma-associated antigen H1 (MAGEH1) is a protein that belongs to melanoma-associated antigen (MAGE) superfamily. Growth arrest and DNA damage 45G (GADD45G) is a member of the DNA damage-inducible gene family which responds to environmental stresses. We have previously shown that GADD45G is a protein that promotes apoptosis of renal tubular cells in response to a nephrotoxic injury. In this study, we show evidence that MAGEH1 interacts with GADD45G and is involved in the induction of nephrotoxin-induced apoptosis of renal tubular cells. Methods Primary human renal tubular epithelial (HRE) cells and human kidney 2 (HK-2) cells were used in this study. To produce stable cell lines in which MAGEH1 expression was silenced, HRE cells were transduced with a lentiviral vector encoding a single guide RNA construct targeting the MAGEH1 gene. To knockdown GADD45G expression in HRE cells, a vector containing short hairpin RNA (shRNA) was used. We used short interfering RNAs (siRNA) to achieve transient silencing of genes in HK-2 cells. Recombinant adenoviruses were synthesized to overexpress MAGEH1 and GADD45G proteins. Human protein microarray was used to identify proteins that binds to GADD45G. Co-immunoprecipitation assays were then performed to confirm microarray results. Cell death was induced by cyclosporine A (CsA). Real-time quantitative PCR assay was used to evaluate gene expression levels. The degree of apoptosis and necrosis of cultured cells was evaluated by flow cytometry. Expression levels of caspases were examined using western blot analysis. Results We found that GADD45G bound to one protein spotted in the protein microarray, which was subsequently identified as MAGEH1. We confirmed the interaction between GADD45G and MAGEH1 protein using the co-immunoprecipitation assay. MAGEH1 gene expression was not altered by CsA-induced cytotoxic injury, whereas GADD45G gene expression was increased significantly upon CsA treatment. MAGEH1 expression was significantly downregulated in GADD45G knockdown HRE stable cells suggesting that MAGEH1 expression may be dependent on GADD45G expression. CsA-induced apoptosis was significantly reduced in MAGEH1 knockdown HRE stable cells which led to an increased survival of these cells. Similar results were observed in GADD45G knockdown HRE stable cells. Accordingly, CsA-induced apoptosis was significantly decreased in MAGEH1 siRNA and GADD45G siRNA transfected HK-2 cells. CsA-induced activation of caspase-7 and caspase- 9 was inhibited in MAGEH1 knockdown HRE stable cells, and similarly in GADD45G knockdown HRE stable cells. Conclusions To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that MAGEH1 interacts with GADD45G and that MAGEH1 is involved in caspase-dependent apoptosis of renal tubular cells induced by nephrotoxic drugs
Transformation-Based Spatial Partition Join
No full textSpatial joins find all pairs of spatial objects that satisfy a given spatial relationship. In this paper, we present the Transformation-Based Spatial Partition Join algorithm (TSPI), a new spatial join algorithm that performs join in the transform space without using indexes. Since the existing algorithms deal with extents of spatial objects in the original space, they either need to replicate the spatial objects or have a relatively complex partition structure - resulting in degrading performance. In contrast, the Transformation-Based Spatial Partition join transforms objects in the original space into points in the transform space and deals only with points having no extents. The transformation does not incur any additional overhead. Thus, Our algorithm has advantages over existing ones in that (1) it obviates the need for replicating spatial objects, and (2) its partition structure is simple. As a result, it always has better performance compared to existing algorithms. Extensive experiments show that the Transformation-Rased Spatial Partition. join improves performance by 19.4-38.0% over the existing algorithms compared
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Optimal cut-off value of high-sensitivity troponin I in diagnosing myocardial infarction in patients with end-stage renal disease
Full text linkEnd-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease and the prognosis after myocardial infarction (MI) is dismal. Although cardiac troponin is a key diagnostic test, troponin levels are often elevated in ESRD patients without evidence of MI. Thus, this study attempted to determine the optimal diagnostic value of high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI) by dialysis modality in ESRD patients.Medical records of adult dialysis patients who visited tertiary emergency department (ED) were collected retrospectively. Diagnosis of MI was made according to the fourth universal definition of MI. The cut-off values were calculated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.Medical records of 1144 patients were analyzed and MI was diagnosed in 82 patients (75 on hemodialysis and 7 on peritoneal dialysis). The optimal cut-off value of hsTnI in hemodialysis patients was 75 ng/L, with 93.33% sensitivity and 60.76% specificity. Area under the curve (AUC) was .870 (95% confidence interval (CI) .833-.906). The optimal cut-off value of hsTnI in peritoneal dialysis patients was 144 ng/L, with 100.00% sensitivity and 83.10% specificity. AUC was .943 (95% CI .893-.992).The dialysis modality should also be considered when diagnosing MI using hsTnI in ESRD patients
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