1,721,116 research outputs found
A Socio-Economic Analysis of National Competitiveness in the Era of Knowledge-Based Economy
No full text一九九○年代以來，以知識與網路經濟為特色的全球化趨勢，不但影響各國的企業競爭優勢、技術創新和新的就業關係，也為民族國家帶來強烈衝擊，而有提昇國家競爭力之議。本文從社會經濟整體的角度出發，強調經濟全球化在重組資本、勞動與國家的關係以及弱化民族國家的同時，卻也在民主、社會公平與正義、環保，以及特別是提昇國家競爭力的層面，賦予民族國家扮演更主動而且全新的角色。其次，從社會鑲嵌性與結構競爭力的概念立基，本文則強調任何的經濟體制和機制都有其特定的社會鑲嵌性；本文並且主張國家競爭力的提昇，從歐美各國的制度面看，必須兼顧經濟與非經濟的整體社會經濟面的調整。最後，本文也對流行的國家競爭力指標，進行社會整體性的評析，並進而希望此一有關國家競爭力的社會鑲嵌討論，能有助於糾正當前唯經濟主義的偏誤。This study conducts a socio-economic analysis of national competitiveness in the age of globalization and knowledge-based economy. It is argued that ever since the beginning of the 1990s, the globalizing characteristics of the knowledge-driven economy has reshaped countries' business competitive advantages, technological innovations and employment relations. It also challenges the capacity and functions of national states, and thereby raises a view on the increase of national competitiveness. Furthermore, this paper analyzes that economic globalization brings about the internationalization of corporations and the flexibility of labour markets, so that it restructures the socio-economic features and aspects required to achieve a higher ranking of national competitiveness. By utilizing the two concepts of structural competitiveness and social embeddedness of the economy, this paper points out that surveys of national competitiveness need an integration of economic and extra-economic factors. This study also examines two existing important reports of national competitiveness, the World Competitiveness Yearbook and the Global Competitiveness Report, as well as Porter's book, the Competitive Advantage of Nations. In conclusion, we argue that it is required for national states to consider national competitiveness from a macro and socioeconomic perspective. In other words, factors concerning sociocultural institutions, values, and national regimes and policies, except economic, are all critical to the growth of national competitiveness. We also hope this social-embeddedness discussion on national competitiveness can avoid its contemporary bias of a solely economic argument
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Operation Principles of ZnO/Al2O3-AlDMP/ZnO Stacked-Channel Ternary Thin-Film Transistor
No full textFor many decades, novel devices demonstrating step-wise current–voltage characteristic at room temperature have been pursued to realize multi-valued logic computing that has significant advantages such as extremely low power consumption and high-density information-processing capability. Recently, a novel ternary logic transistor has been constructed using an ultrathin ZnO/Al11Nsciescopu
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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