1,720,974 research outputs found
전립선 암에서 임상병리학적 결과와 ERG 유전자전위의 연관성
No full text의학대학원/박사Introduction: We evaluated associations between pathologic factors and erythroblast transformation-specific (ETS)-related gene (ERG) fusion with TMPRSS2 (transmembrane protease serine 2 gene) in prostate cancer patients. Using next-generation sequencing, we identified target genes and regulatory networks. Methods: ERG expression in 60 radical prostatectomies performed at Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine in 2015 was compared with pathological findings by association rule mining with the Apriori algorithm. Whole-exome and RNA sequencing were performed on three formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded ERG-positive and -negative prostate cancer samples. A network diagram identifying dominant altered genes was constructed using Cytoscape open source bioinformatics platform and GeneMania plugin. Results: Pathologic conditions positive for perineural invasion, apical margins, and Gleason scores 6 and 7 were significantly more likely to be ERG-positive than other pathologic conditions (p=0.0009), suggesting an association between ERG positivity, perineural invasion, apical margins and Gleason scores 6 and 7 (Firth’s logistic regression: OR 17.952, 95% CI: 2.391-134.815, p = 0.0050). Results of whole-exome and RNA sequencing identified 97 somatic mutations containing common mutated genes. Regulatory network analysis identified NOTCH1, MEF2C, STAT3, LCK, CACNA2D3, PCSK7, MEF2A, PDZD2, TAB1 and ASGR1 as pivotal genes. NOTCH1 appears to function as a hub because it had the highest node degree and betweenness. NOTCH1 staining was found 8 of 60 specimens (13%), with a significant association between ERG and NOTCH1 positivity (p=0.001). Conclusions: Evaluating the association between ERG fusion and pathologic factors, and identifying the regulatory network and pivotal hub may help to understand the clinical significance of ERG-positive prostate cancer.open박
Elevated urinary nerve growth factor as a predictor of persistent detrusor overactivity after relief of bladder ou
No full text의학과/석사[한글]서론: 전립선비대증으로 인하여 방광출구폐색이 유발된 경우에 일부분에서는 전립선비대증과 과민성방광이 함께 동반될 수 있고, 전립선비대증을 치료하더라도 과민성방광이 지속될 수 있다. 과민성방광은 요절박, 빈뇨 및 야간뇨 등의 증상을 토대로 진단되기 때문에 전립선비대증과 동반된 경우에는 환자가 호소하는 하부요로증상이 서로 비슷하여 과민성방광을 객관적으로 구별하는 것이 쉽지 않고, 요역동학검사를 통한 과민성방광의 진단은 위양성 및 위음성이 가능하고 침습적이기 때문에 어려운 점이 있다. 최근 과민성방광을 유발하는 원인 물질로 방광 요상피세포 및 배뇨근에서 생성된 신경성장인자가 주목 받고 있다. 그러나 소변내 신경성장인자가 배뇨근과활동성 여부를 반영할 수 있는지에 대해서는 아직 명확하게 알려진 바는 없다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 동물실험 모델로 쥐를 이용하여 방광출구폐색으로 유발된 배뇨근과활동성과 소변내 신경성장인자에 연관성이 있는지 알아 보고자 하였다.대상 및 방법: 50마리의 암컷 쥐를 10 마리의 대조군과 40 마리의 방광출구폐색 군으로 나누었다. 방광출구폐색은 요도에 카테터를 삽입하여 실을 묶어서 시행하였고, 대조군에서는 방광요도접합부 주위에 실을 느슨하게 묶어서 시행하였다. 3주 경과 후에 묶은 실을 제거하였다. 소변 수집은 방광출구폐색을 시행하기 전 (T1), 방광출구폐색을 시행하고 3주 후 (T2), 그리고 방광출구폐색을 제거하고 3주 후 (T3)에 시행하였다. 방광내압측정술은 T2 및 T3에 시행하였다. 방광 조직은 T3에 쥐를 희생하여 얻었다. 소변내 신경성장인자와 방광의 신경성장인자는 ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay)를 이용하여 측정하였고, 소변내 creatinine 농도를 이용하여 보정하였다.결과: 대조군에서는 방광내압측정술 시행 결과 배뇨근과활동성이 관찰되지 않았고, T1, T2 및 T3에서의 신경성장인자의 측정값에 차이가 없었다. 방광출구폐색 군에서는 방광내압측정술 결과 T2에는 배뇨근과활동성이 나타났으나, T3에는 나타나지 않은 쥐들 (16마리, 1군)에서 creatinine으로 보정한 소변내 신경성장인자는 T1에 비하여 T2에서 의미있게 증가하고 (p=0.001), T2에 비하여 T3에서는 의미있게 감소하였다 (p=0.003). T2 및 T3 모두에서 배뇨근과활동성이 나타난 쥐들 (8마리, 2 군)에서는 creatinine으로 보정한 소변내 신경성장인자가 T1에 비하여 T2에서는 의미있게 증가하였지만 (p=0.012), T2에 비하여 T3에서는 의미있는 변화를 보이지 않았다 (p=0.123). T2 및 T3 모두에서 배뇨근과활동성이 나타난 경우에는 T1의 소변내 신경성장인자가 대조군 (p=0.015) 및 1군 (p=0.005)에 비하여 의미있게 높았다. 방광조직의 신경성장인자는 T3에서 수집한 소변내 신경성장인자와 양의 상관관계를 가졌다 (r=0.417, p=0.016).결론: 소변에서 측정된 신경성장인자는 방광출구폐색을 시행하여 배뇨근과활동성이 유발된 경우에는 증가하고, 방광출구폐색을 제거한 후에 배뇨근과활동성이 사라진 경우에는 감소하며, 배뇨근과활동성이 지속되는 경우에는 감소하지 않았다. 따라서 소변내 신경성장인자를 배뇨근과활동에 대한 생물학적 지표로 이용하는 것이 가능할 것으로 생각된다.
[영문]Introduction: In case with bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) due to benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), overactive bladder (OAB) may go together, and may persist after relief of BOO. Because OAB is diagnosed by the symptom complex of urgency, frequency, and nocturia, in case of OAB with BPH, objective differential diagnosis of OAB is difficult. Urodynamic study for diagnosis of OAB is invasive. Recently, as a causative agent for OAB, nerve growth factor (NGF) from bladder urotherial cell and detrusor muscle is focused on. But it has not been clearly known that NGF can represent DO. Therefore we evaluated urinary NGF as a biomarker for DO in a rat model of BOO.
Materials and Methods: Fifty female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups: 10 sham control rats and 40 BOO rats. BOO was induced by partial urethral ligation and was relieved by removal of ligation after 3 weeks. The sham operation was done by loosely tying silk ligature around a dissected urethra. Voided urine was collected before BOO (T1), 3 weeks after onset of BOO (T2), and 3 weeks after relief of BOO (T3). Cystometry was performed on awake rats at T2 and T3. Bladder tissue was harvested at T3. uNGF and bladder tissue NGF were measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and the results were adjusted based on creatinine concentration.
Results: There was no DO and no difference of uNGF/Cr in sham control group. In 16 rats with DO only on initial cystometry (group 1), uNGF/creatinine(Cr) levels significantly increased from T1 to T2 (p=0.001), and significantly decreased from T2 to T3 (p=0.003). In 8 rats with DO initial and subsequent cystometry (group 2), uNGF/Cr levels significantly increased from T1 to T2 (p=0.012), but did not change from T2 to T3 (p=0.123). The uNGF/Cr levels of rats with persistent DO at T1 were significantly higher than those of control group (p=0.015) and group 1 (p=0.005). Bladder tissue NGF was positively correlated with the uNGF/Cr at T3 (γ= 0.417, p=0.016).
Conclusions: The uNGF levels increased with DO after BOO. When BOO was relieved, the uNGF decreased after disappearance of DO, and increased with persistent DO. Therefore, uNGF can be used as a biomarker for DO.ope
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
The effects of word of mouth on two movies in competition: korean movie industry
No full text학위논문(석사) - 한국과학기술원 : 경영공학과, 2013.2, [ iv, 48 p. ]구전 활동(word of mouth)은 소비자들 사이에서 발생하는 제품이나 서비스에 관한 커뮤니케이션이라 정의할 수 있다. 인터넷의 발달로 구전 활동은 다른 과거 마케팅 활동에 비해 비용은 적은데 반면에 효과는 뛰어나서, 중요하고 효과적인 마케팅 도구로 발전하였다. 따라서 어떻게 구전 활동을 관리하는지에 대한 연구의 중요성이 증가하고 있는 상태이다. 과거의 연구에서는 구전 활동의 요소들과 매출에 대한 관계를 분석하거나, 구전 활동의 요소들, 크기와 평가를 이용하여 미래의 매출을 예측하는 등에 대한 연구들에 집중해 왔다. 본 논문에서는 경쟁 구도에 있는 두 영화 사이에서 2위영화의 구전 활동이 1위 영화의 구전 활동에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 한국 영화 산업 데이터들 이용해서, 2위 영화의 구전 활동의 크기가 커질수록 1위 영화의 구전 활동의 크기가 커지는 것을 보여주었다. 또한 영화 누적 평점으로 측정되는 구전활동의 평가 측면에 대해서는 1위 영화와 2위 영화가 음의 상관 관계가 있음을 보였으며, 2위 영화의 평가가 매우 좋거나 나쁠수록, 즉 평점이 매우 높거나 낮을수록 1위 영화의 구전 활동의 크기가 커짐을 보여주었다.한국과학기술원 : 경영공학과
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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