146,215 research outputs found
DIETARY CONDITIONS AND DIFFERENTIAL ACCESS TO FOOD RESOURCES AMONG THE VARIOUS CLASSES DURING THE HAN PERIOD
Full text linkIn this thesis, I study how food resources and dietary conditions were determined by social and economic status during the Han period in China, B.C. 206~A.D.220. Even though earlier scholars have published research concerning the Chinese food culture of this period, these studies were limited in that they only illustrated the dietary culture of the upper class or the available food resources in one geographic area. Also, without any persuasive data, it has been assumed by these earlier scholars that there were big differences in food resources and food consumption between the upper and lower classes. In this thesis, for comparison among the classes, I divide the social and economic classes into five stratified groups: nobles, officials, peasants, soldiers and convicts. After a brief introduction of the nature of each social class, I examine the food resources and nutritional condition of each group using information such as the wealth and income of each group, the market price of food resources, the agricultural products of peasants, and the amount of food distribution to soldiers and convicts. I found these data from archaeological remains, received historical records and pictorial data, and excavated texts. This research shows a broader view of Chinese dietary condition focusing not only on the variety of food resources of nobles, but also on the different food accessibilities among the officials, and the food deficiencies of peasants. It also deals with the situations of food supply for soldiers and convicts in an effort to reveal the true dietary consumption and nutritional conditions for all Chinese. This research proves that the various classes during the Han period in China had different food resources and dietary conditions
Gonia nigricoma Lee et Han 2010
No full textGonia nigricoma Lee et Han 2010 Gonia nigricoma Lee et Han 2010: 188. Type locality: South Korea. Distribution: Palaearctic: Palaearctic: Korea (Lee et Han 2010).Published as part of DRABER-MOŃKO, Agnieszka, 2015, State of knowledge of the tachinid fauna of Eastern Asia, with new data from North Korea. Part V. Exoristinae, pp. 79-98 in Fragmenta Faunistica 58 (2) on page 93, DOI: 10.3161/00159301FF2015.58.2.079, http://zenodo.org/record/625182
The Effect of Laser Chirping on Optical Subcarrier Multiplexed System with High-Bit-Rate Baseband Signal
No full textEstablishing SPV for power projects in Asia: an analysis of critical financial and legal factors
No full textLee, Joo-Han
No full text학위논문(석사)--아주대학교 ITS대학원 :교통공학과,2011. 22009년 12월 29일 도로교통법이 개정되면서 자전거의 좌회전 방법이 바뀌었다. 개정되기 전의 자전거 좌회전 방법은 일반적인 자동차의 그것과 같았지만 개정되면서 자전거는 지금까지 우리나라에서는 시행하지 않던 방법인 훅-턴(Hook-turn) 방식을 채택한 것이다.처음 시행하는 제도이기 때문에 사회적 약속 및 교통 관여자들의 인식이 전혀 없으며, 여타 훅-턴을 하기 위해 필요한 시설물 등에 대한 기준이 전무함에도 법이 일방적으로 개정되면서 다른 것들에 대한 고려가 없었다.
이에 따라 자전거 훅-턴을 특징을 살펴보고 그에 따라 필요한 것들에 대해 연구하고, 시설물을 설치 할 경우에는 그러한 시설물의 기준에 대해 제시하고자 했다.
자전거가 훅-턴을 하기 위해서는 반드시 한번은 교차로 상에서 대기하여야 함에도 불구하고 현행법상 교차로는 도로교통법 제32조에 의해 주정차 금지 구역으로 설정되어 있다. 이에 대해 도로교통법 제34조의 2(정차 또는 주차를 금지하는 장소의 특례)를 개정하여 자전거 훅-턴을 위한 대기 장소가 있을 경우에 제32조의 규정에도 불구하고 정차할 수 있도록 하여 대기할 수 있도록 법적 근거를 제안하였다.
그리고 대기 장소에 대한 표시나 종류, 만드는 방식 등에 대한 기본적인 규정도 정해져 있지 않다. 따라서 대기 장소를 나타내는 공간 표시에 대해 외국 사례와 비교하여 우리나라에 가장 적합하다고 생각되는 박스형태를 제안하였다. 대기 공간의 크기는 자전거 교통량을 조사한 후에 그 교통량을 근거로 만들어야 하므로, 자전거 교통량에 대한 조사가 충분하지 않아 대기 공간의 크기는 좀 더 연구해야 할 과제로 남겨두었으며, 또한 훅-턴을 위한 자전거 운전자용 안내 표지판을 호주의 사례를 차용하여 제시하였다.
교차로에 대기 공간을 설치한다면 실제 어느 위치가 가장 적합한지에 대해 삼거리 교차로와 사거리 교차로로 나누어 분석하였다. 그리고 사거리 교차로의 경우에는 편도 1차로 또는 편도 2차로 도로가 만나는 교차로와 편도3차로 이상의 도로가 만나는 교차로로 나누어 분석하였다.
분석 결과 삼거리 교차로는 그 모양이 T자 형태이든, Y자 형태이든 교차로 내의 대기 공간이 별도로 필요하지는 않았다. 삼거리 교차로는 교통류의 흐름이 단순하여 훅-턴을 실시한다 하더라도 교차로 내부에 대기 공간을 만들 필요성이 없었기 때문이다. 하지만 사거리 교차로의 경우에 편도3차로 이상의 도로가 만날 때 대기 공간을 설치한다면 교차로와 횡단보도 사이의 공간에 설치해야 하며, 그 공간이 충분하지 못하다면 자전거 훅-턴을 위한 대기 공간을 확보할 수 있도록 횡단보도를 좀 더 뒤쪽으로 후퇴시켜야 하는 것으로 나타났다.
또한 사거리 교차로라 하더라도 편도 1차로 또는 편도 2차로의 도로가 교차하는 사거리일 경우에는 훅-턴을 위한 별도의 공간을 만들기 어렵기 때문에 자전거의 교통량이 많다면 자전거 전용도로화 해야 하고, 자전거의 교통량이 적다면 횡단보도 옆에 자전거 횡단로를 설치하여 운영하도록 하는 것이 효율적으로 분석되었다. 마지막으로 분석한 결과를 토대로 실제 조사된 자전거 교통량을 조사하여 교차로에 가상의 대기 공간을 만들어 보았다. 이에 따라 상충되는 법률의 개정을 제안하고, 훅-턴을 하기 위한 시설물의 기준 및 훅-턴을 위한 교차로 내의 대기 공간의 위치 선정에 대해 제안하였다.이번 연구는 자전거 좌회전 시 필요한 교통 시설물 설치에 대한 기준이 전혀 없는 상태에서 그 일반적인 기준을 제시하였다는 데 의의가 있다.제1장 서론 1
제1절 연구 배경 및 목적 1
제2절 연구 범위 및 방법 6
제2장 현황 및 문제제기 8
제1절 관련 법 규정 8
제2절 자전거 및 자전거 도로 14
1. 설계 기준 자전거 14
2. 자전거 도로의 정의 및 설계 기준 16
제3절 자전거의 좌회전 방법 21
1. 직접 좌회전 21
2. 간접 좌회전 : 훅-턴(Hook-turn) 23
제4절 현 제도에서의 문제점 26
제3장 이론적 고찰 27
제1절 교차로의 개념 및 특징 27
1. 교차로의 정의와 구분 27
2. 교차로의 특징 29
제2절 좌회전의 개념 및 특징 30
1. 좌회전의 개념 30
2. 좌회전의 특징 32
제4장 교차로에서의 자전거 훅-턴 34
제1절 입법론적 측면 35
제2절 삼거리 교차로에서의 시설적 측면 48
1. T자형 삼거리 48
2. Y자형 삼거리 52
3. 삼거리 교차로에서의 대기 공간 53
제3절 사거리 교차로에서의 시설적 측면 55
1. 편도 1차로 또는 2차로가 만나는 교차로 57
2. 편도 3차로 이상의 도로가 만나는 교차로 58
제4절 운영적 측면 65
제5절 소결 75
제5장 결론 및 향후 연구 과제 76
제1절 결론 76
제2절 향후 연구 과제 79MasterAs Road Traffic Law was amended on December 29th 2009, the way to take left-turn of the bike was changed.
Before the law was amended, the way of left-turn of the bike was the same as that of a typical car. However, after it’s amended, the way of Hook-turn which had not been enforced before in our country was chosen.
Since this system is enforced for the first time, the social commitment and recognition of personnel involved in the traffic were not existed at all. Even if the criteria for facilities necessary to take Hook-turn were not existed at all, there was no consideration for others when the Law was amended unilaterally.
Accordingly, this study is to examine the features of Hook-turn and what are necessary for that, and provide the criteria for the facilities upon the installation of facilities.
Although a bike should be waiting on the intersection in order to take a Hook-turn, the intersection is set as a restricted area for parking and stopping by the Road Traffic Act Article 32 according to the current law.
Thus this study is to propose the legal basis for a bike to stop only if a bike needs a waiting space for a Hook-turn by amending the Road Traffic Act Article 34, 2 (exceptional clause for prohibited areas for stopping or parking).
Moreover, basic provisions such as signs, kinds and the way to make a waiting space are not chosen. Therefore, signs for a waiting space being used in other countries were examined and box type which we thought was the most suitable to our country was proposed.
Because the size of a waiting space should be made based on the traffic volume after bike traffic volume is investigated, the insufficient investigation on bike traffic volume set aside the issue for the size of a waiting space for the further investigation.
A traffic sign for bike drivers to take a Hook-turn was proposed by borrowing the Australian example.
Intersections were divided into three-way intersection and four-way intersection, and analyzed to determine which position is the most suitable upon installation of a waiting space on the intersection.
In case of four-way intersections, the intersections were divided into one or two lanes and three or more lanes on the road and analyzed.
The result of analysis showed that neither T-shaped nor Y-shaped intersections in three-way intersections didn’t need an extra waiting space in the intersections.
Since the traffic flow on three-way intersection was simple, a waiting space wouldn’t be necessary on intersection upon implementing a Hook-turn.
But in the case of four-way intersection, a waiting space should be installed between intersection and crosswalk in three or more lanes on the road.
If the space wasn’t enough, the crosswalk should be moved back in order to gain a waiting space for Hook-turn. In addition, in case of four-way intersections of one or two lanes on the road, the results showed the efficient solution according to bike traffic volume as follows. Due to no additional space was available for a waiting space, road only for bikes should be built if the bike traffic volume was high.
In contrast, if the bike traffic volume was not high, crossing road for bikes should be installed next to crosswalk.
Finally, on the basis of analysis by examining the actual surveyed bike traffic volumes at the intersection, the virtual waiting space was created.
Accordingly, the conflicting amended laws were proposed to be resolved and the criteria for facilities for Hook-turn and the site selection for a waiting space on the intersection for Hook-turn were suggested.
This study is meaningful to provide the general criteria under the absence of criteria for traffic facilities for left-turn of bike
Emotion and misinformation in times of public health crisis
No full textRaw data and syntax for the paper: Han, J.; Cha, M.; Lee, W. (2020). Emotion and misinformation in times of public health crisis. The Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) Misinformation Review, Forthcoming. Available at: https://misinforeview.hks.harvard.edu
The interaction between individual cultural values and the cognitive and social processes of global restaurant brand equity
No full textThe aim of this study is to increase understanding of the relationship between brand equity and individual cultural values in the marketing strategies of global restaurant brands. The study developed three research models and investigated global brand equity from the perspective that global brand equity has an impact on individual cultural values. The three models were tested using structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. The findings indicate that both cognitive process and the social process of brand equity have an effect on cultural values. In particular, social process elements such as brand prestige and brand identification can reduce the risk of consumer uncertainty. This study contributes to the understanding of the relationship between global restaurant brand equity and individual cultural values, and the hierarchy of individual cultural values that has not, to the best of our knowledge, been explored in previous research.</p
The Small World of Ancient Chinese Characters
No full text近幾年來根據1967年Stanley Milgram的想法，D. J. Watts 和 H. S. Strogatz於 1998年所提出的小世界理論已成為一種方法可以用來驗證和對應相對簡單的網路系統下的特定抽象網路種類，例如網際網路、人際關係、神經系統、疾病轉移等等。然而儘管此理論成功地對應複雜系統的關係，此理論不全然能夠成功地預測對於任一擁有獨立(不連結)結點的複雜或簡單的系統，一個解決之道在於處理已知「可信賴性」的問題之上，此問題是著重於追蹤一個特殊的網路如何有效交換資訊和結點彼此如何分享資訊而產生連結。透過此種「效率性」的簡單量測，小世界網路兼具全域和區域的效率性。然而先不管這個新名詞「六度分離」新奇的隱喻意義，在最重要的觀點之下，小世界本身代表一個具體且能夠詮釋「加權重」和「非加權重」網路系統的網路活動模型。本論文所處理的系統為古代中國文字。我們處理甲骨文字與楚字的研究顯示出相對於小世界效率性的潛在文字結構的一般特性。藉著連結圖形的分析，小世界也能夠針對古代中國文字字根的實際組合和特性提供清晰的洞察。事實上，字根表連結矩陣的演化能夠幫助解釋文字本身的發展以及允許我們去建構出曾出現文字所可能隱含的性質。在比較了楚字(西元前481年到西元221年)和甲骨文字(西元前1200年到西元前1050年) ，其中共有355個字根被認為是相同的。藉著建構出字根的分享矩陣，去了解兩個共享高度的連結關聯性與相似的特性卻分別隸屬於不同的文字系統是有其重要性。
使用甲骨文字與楚字的字根表的連結矩陣，所建構出的字根網路能夠決定這些網路系統如何隨時間演化，並利用現行使用的模型去決定是否這些模型能夠對應出古代中國文字網路系統。利用非線性結點連結的權重與加入修正起始條件新模型的組合，我們能夠深入了解古代中國文字模型。為了論文的完整性與尊重口試委員的建議，作者之前發表一些關於渾沌系統與渾沌亂數產生器的論文表列於附錄G，這些論文並不直接與本論文相關。Abstract
In recent years, small world theory, as proposed by D. J. Watts and S. H. Strogatz in 1998 based on an idea of Stanley Milgram's in the 1967, has been used as a way to identify and map certain abstract classes of networks in relatively simple network-systems, such as the Internet, human relationships, neuronal systems, disease metastasis, and so on. However, despite its success in mapping the relationships which govern specific aspects of complex systems, it is not always able to successfully predict the behavior of either very complex systems or simple networks with isolated (i.e. disconnected) nodes. A solution to what is known as the reliability problem can be found by tracking how efficiently a particular network exchanges information and how linked vertices share such information. Through this simple measure of efficiency, small world networks can be seen as both globally and locally efficient. Thus, putting aside its provocative metaphorical meaning as represented by the coinage six degrees of separation, small world, in its most important sense, represents a concrete model of network activity capable of explaining both weighted and unweighted networks. This work tackles one such system: ancient Chinese characters. Our study of Chu characters and Oracle bone inscriptions demonstrates that the underlying general principle of their construction corresponding to small world efficiency. By relying on the analysis of a connection graph, small world also offers important insights into the general characteristics and real combination of the roots of ancient Chinese characters. In fact, the evolution of the connection matrix of the root table helps explain the development of the characters themselves and allows us to construct the probable features of characters that have been discovered. Comparing Chu characters (circa 481 B.C. - 221 A.C.) with Oracle bone inscriptions systems (circa 1200 --1050 B.C.), the three hundred fifty five of these roots have been found to be identical. By constructing a shared root matrix it is important to see that the two different character systems enjoy a high degree of correlation with similar embedded properties.
By employing a connective matrix based on root tables for Chu and Oracle bones, root networks have been constructed to determine how such network system evolved over time, and the extant models have also been used to determine whether or not these models correspond to ancient Chinese networks. By combining the nonlinear weight of degree of nodes and with the use of a new model of modifying initial conditions, we can achieve a comprehensive model of ancient Chinese characters. For completeness and in pursuance with a suggestion from the thesis committee, a publication list of the author's previous work on chaotic systems and random number generators which is not directly related to this thesis is also included as Appendix G.1.Introduction 1
1.1 Static Networks 1
1.1.1 Watts-Strogatz model 1
1.1.2 Efficiency method 4
1.2 Dynamic Networks 6
1.2.1 Barabási and Albert model 6
1.2.2 Algebraic Preferential Attachment 10
1.2.3 Degree of Distribution Using a Master Equation 13
1.3 Ancient Chinese Characters 15
2. Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Chu Characters (Networks)17
2.1 Introduction to Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Chu Characters 17
2.2 The Embedded Property of Small World 18
2.3 The Correlation between Oracle Bone Inscriptions and Chu Characters 23
2.4 Oracle Bone Inscriptions From Hua Yuan Zhuang, East of the Yin Ruins 31
3.Empirical Modeling of the Root Networks of Ancient Chinese Characters 35
3.1 Root Model Based on Ancient Chinese Characters 35
3.2 Empirical Modeling of the Root Networks 39
3.3 Discussion and Results 43
4. Conclusion 49
4.1 Summary 49
4.2 Possible Improvements of Algorithms 50
Appendix A Root Table of Oracle Bone Inscriptions 57
Appendix B Root Table of Chu Characters 68
Appendix C Map table of Chu Characters and Oracle Bone Inscriptions 75
Appendix D The New Characters of Oracle Bone Inscriptions From Hua Yuan Zhuang, East of the Yin Ruins 82
Appendix E The Selected Characters of Oracle Bone Inscriptions From Hua Yuan Zhuang For Analyzing Zipf's Law 84
Appendix F A Complete Graph Representing Oracle Bone and Chu Roots 85
Appendix G The published papers 8
Daniel Han, violin, BU Alumnus, Dong-Oo Lee, cello, Guest Artist, Yoonbok Oh, piano, Guest Artist, September 26,2004
Full text linkThis is the concert program of the Daniel Han, violin, BU Alumnus, Dong-Oo Lee, cello, Guest Artist, Yoonbok Oh, piano, Guest Artist performance on Sunday, September 26, 2004 at 8:00 p.m., at the Concert Hall, 855 Commonwealth Avenue. Works performed were Passacaglia on a Theme of Handel by Johann Halvorsen, Sonata in A Major, Op. 69 by Ludwig van Beethoven, Zigeunerweisen, Op. 20 by Pablo de Sarasate, and Sonata in G Minor, Op. 19 by Sergei Rachmaninov. Digitization for Boston University Concert Programs was supported by the Boston University Center for the Humanities Library Endowed Fund
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