1,720,980 research outputs found
Health status and health service utilization: Barriers and facilitators for Korea medicaid beneficiaries
No full textPurpose: This study compares beneficiaries of Korean Medicaid with those under the National Health Insurance program, seeking to understand how each group utilizes their healthcare. Methods: Data were obtained from a Health Promotion Survey in 2005. Health status was measured by the respondents perception of health. Health service utilization included the availability of healthcare services, the type of healthcare institution, and intent to revisit. Predisposing and enabling factors, as well as health care needs were used for this study. Results: Compared to National Health Insurance beneficiaries, Medicaid beneficiaries reported lower levels of health status and fewer enabling factors. They had more chronic diseases and disabilities. Education level, existence of chronic diseases, exercise patterns, and disabilities were associated with health status. Conclusion: We found that Medicaid beneficiaries had fewer resources and higher levels of health needs. As Medicaid is reformed, policy makers and administrators should understand healthcare utilization behaviors of Medicaid beneficiaries and the factors hindering access to care.N
Violent Experiences and Coping among Home Visiting Health Care Workers in Korea
No full textPurpose: The purpose of this study was to explore violent experiences of home visiting health care workers in Korea. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey. Data were collected using self-report questionnaires from 1,640 health care workers. Data collection was done between September 1, 2009 and June 30, 2010. Results: Of the respondents, 70.6% had experienced work-related violence. Shouting (51.9%) was the most common verbal violence, followed by verbalizing sexual remarks to the health care workers (19.0%) and touching the hands (16.5%), the most common acts relating to sexual harassment. Of the respondents who had experienced violence, 50.9% told their peers about the incidents. However, the major reasons why they did not report these incidents was due to the fact that they felt it was useless to file reports and that they expected such incidents to occur as part of their job. The majority of the respondents (86.4%) wanted education on how to deal with such violence at work. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that efforts should be made to increase awareness and to minimize violence in the workplace. Also, educational programs should be designed to improve knowledge and to prevent work-place violence.N
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
(A) study on knowledge, attitude, experience in sex and the needs of sex education for college students
No full text보건간호학과/석사[한글]
현대를 일컬어 성의 개방화 시대라고도 한다. 이러한 성의 개방화는 최근 날로 증가하는 성범죄와 성병 문제, 혼전 임신으로 인한 유산이나 미혼모 문제를 낳고 있으며 이러한 문제들이 학문을 탐구하는 대학내에서도 점차 늘어나고 있는 추세이다. 따라서 본 연구
는 대학생들이 지니고 있는 성에 대한 지식과 태도, 경험을 조사하고 성교육 요구를 파악하여 앞으로 대학에서의 성교육 실시에 필요한 기초 자료를 마련하기 위해 시도되었다.
본 연구의 대상은 서울시내 대학교 중 일 개 대학교의 남녀 대학생600명을 대상으로 하였으며 이들에게 설문지를 이용하여 1954년 4월 19일부터 4월 25일까지 자료를 수집하였다.
분석된 자료의 결과는 다음과 같다.
1. 대상자들의 성에 대한 지식, 태도, 경험 및 성교육 요구의 실태
1) 성지식 점수는 대체적으로 낮았으며 영역별 성지식 점수에 있어 생식생리에 대한 지식 점수가 가장 높았고 그 다음이 성생리, 성병, 피임의 순인 것으로 나타났다.
2) 성태도 문항 가운데 가장 개방적인 태도를 보인 문항은 '혼전 임신의 책임'이었고 가장 보수적인 태도를 보인 문항은 '여성의 흔외 성교'에 대해서였다.
3) 성경험에 있어서는 자위행위 경험이 있는 학생이 60.9%, 성교31,2%, 피임 18.5%, 성병 3.3%, 강간 7.2%, 임신 4,0%, 유산 2.9% 인 것으로 나타났다.
4) 성교육의 내용으로서 96.4%의 학생이 '남녀의 성심리'를 가장 원하였으며 다음은 피임, 성병, 성윤리, 임신의 순인 것으로 나타났다. 성교육을 실시하는 데에 있어 적합한 시기와 방법으로서는 86.9%가 1학년 때를 원했고 85%가 특강이나 정규 학과목의 형태였으
며 78.8%에서 남녀 혼합 방식으로 성교육을 받기 원하였다.
2. 대상자들의 성에 대한 지식, 태도, 경험과 관련된 요인
1) 성지식은 남학생이 여학생에 비해 높았고 학년이 올라갈수록 높았으며 전문서적을 통해 성지식을 습득한 경우 성지식이 높았다.
2) 성태도에 있어서는 남학생이 여학생에 비해 개방적이었고 부모의 성태도가 개방작인'학생이 전반적으로 개방적인 성태도를 보였다.
3) 성경험은 남학생이 여학생에 비해 많았고 학년이 올라갈수록 많았다.
3. 대상자들의 성에 대한 지식, 태도, 경험간의 관계
1) 성태도에 따른 성지식 점수의 차이는 남성의 혼전 성교에 대해 개방적인 태도를 지닌 학생이 성생리(F=20.9, P<.001)와 성병에 대한 지식점수가 높았다(F=7.59, P<.001).
여성의 혼전 성교와 남성의 흔외 성교에 대해 개방적인 태도를 지닌 학생이 성생리에 대한 지식 점수가 높았으며(F=7.59, P<.001, F=3.68, P<.05), 남성의 흔외 성교에 대해 보수적인 태도를 보인 학생이 생식생리에 대한 지식 점수가 높았다(F=3.31, P<.05).
2) 성경험에 따른 성지식 점수의 차이는 자위, 성교, 피임의 경험이 있는 학생이 성생리(t=-9.69, P<.001, t=-5.26, P<.001, t=-4.92, P<.001)와 성병에 대한 지식 점수가 높았다(t=-5.36, P<.001, t=-5.52, P<.001, t=-4.48,P<.001). 성교와 피임 경험이 있는 학생이 피임에 대한 지식 점수가 높았으며(t=-2,02, P<.75, t=-2.57, P<.01), 임신과 유산의 경험이 있는 학생이 생식생리(t=3.50, P<.01, t=3.41, P<.01)와 성생리에 대한 지식 점수가 높았다(t=3.87, P<.001, t=2.89, P<.01).
3) 성경험과 성태도간에는 자위행위 경험이 있는 학생이 결혼 전 유산(X**2=8.38, P<.05), 남녀의 혼전 성교(X**2=59.35, P<.001, X**2=17.74, P<.001), 남녀의 혼외 성교(X**2=57.53, P<.001, X**2=16.65, P<.001)에 대해 개방적인 태도를 보였으며 성교 경험이 있는 학생이 남녀의 혼전 성교(X**2=75.97, P<.001, X**2=26.68, P<.001), 남녀의 혼외 성교에 대해 개방적인 태도를 보였다(X**2=55.63, P<.001, X**2=10.05, P<.01). 피임 경험이 있는 학생이 결혼 후 유산(X2=7.26, p<,05), 혼전 성교(X**2=37.11, P<.001, X**2=21.15, P<.001), 혼외 성교에 대해 개방적인 태도를 보였으며(X**2=23.10, P<.001, X**2=13.06, P<.01), 임신 경험이 있는 학생이 여성의 혼전 성교에 대해 개방적인 태도를 보였다(X**2=10.99, P<.01).
위의 결과로 보아 성에 대한 지식, 태도, 경험간에는 성경험이 있는 학생이 성지식 점수가 높았고, 개방적인 성태도를 보였다. 그러므로 대학생들을 대상으로 한 성교육은 학년이 올라감에 따라 증가하는 성병, 강간, 임신, 유산 등의 문제를 사전에 예방하기 위한 지식 제공과 더불어 상황에 따른 적절한 의사 결정 능력 및 바람직한 성태도를 지니게 하여 앞으로의 결혼 생활에 긍정적으로 적응할 수 있도록 돕는 방향으로 나아가야 할 것이다. 이를 위하여 교양 교과 과정에서 성교육 교과목의 개설 및 운영은 매우 필요한 과제라고 생각한다.
[영문]
The purpose of this study was to measure the knowledge, attitude, experience in sex and the needs of sex education for college students in order to provide basic sex education information.
For this study, the questionnaires were given to 600 students in the H University of Seoul and collected during the period from April 19 to April 25, 1994.
These results were analysed statistically by means of frequency, percentage, t-test, Chi-squire test One-way ANOVA.
The results of this analysis are as follows:
1. The sources of sexual knowledge were : friends 46,6%, mass-media 20.6%, expert books 19.4%, teachers 7.3%, and parents 2.4%. 52.8% of respondents first obtained sexual knowledge in middle school. Of the parents' attitude toward sect, 57.6% of respondents were moderately"open", 33.4% closed, and 9.7% had an "open" attitude.
2. The level of knowledge related to sex was relatively low. The level of male students' knowledge was higher than that of female students' related In sexual physiology(P<.001) and venereal disease(P<.001). The level of female students' knowledge was higher than that of male students' about genital physiology(P<.001). The level of male and female students' knowledge about contraceptive methods was especially low.
Of the scores related to sexual attitude, 12.1% of the respondents answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with male's responsibility for premarital pregnancy; 50,7% of the respondents answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with premarital abortion; 40,2% of the respondents answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with postmarital abortion; 28.8% of the respondents answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with premarital coitus for males; 17.6% of the respondents answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with premarital coitus for females: 11.2% of the respondents
answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with extramarital coitus for males ; 4.8% of the respondents answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with extramarital coitus for females.
In relation to sexual behavior, 76.3% of the respondents had associated with the opposite sex. The sequence of behaviors were 34,6% walking arm in m, 28,7% talking, 23.9% kissing or petting, and 13.1% genital contact or coitus. 92.5% of the respondents suffered from sexual problem. Their main problems were 40.9%
relationships with the opposite sex, 35.1% frustrated sexual desire, and 17.8% unwanted pregnancy. To solve sexual problems, 34,5% of the respondents intended to consult their friends, 16.7% solve the problem alone, 13.9% become active in sports or recreation, and 12,5% refer to book.
92.5% of the respondents agreed there was a need for sex education in the University and wanted to acquire information through 27% special lecture, 58% regular curriculum, and 10.8% by counselor or school nurse. 86.9% wanted this information in the 1st year, Within the contents of sex education, needs in order
of priority are: sexual psychology, contraceptive methods, venereal disease, sexual morality, pregnancy etc.
3. Regarding sexual knowledge, there were statistically significant differences in gender(P<.001), grade(P<.05), parent survival(P<.01),mother's education level(P<.05), and method of acquiring sexual knowledge(P<.001).
In sexual attitudes, there were statistically significant differences in gender(P<.01, P<.001), grade(P<.05), and parental attitude toward sex(P<.01, P<,05).
Regarding sexual experience, there were statistically significant differences in gender(P<.05, P<.001), grade(P<.01, P<.001), mother's education level(P<.001), economic status(P<.01), and method of acquiring sexual knowledge (P<.001).
4. Regarding relationships between sexual attitude and knowledge, respondents who answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with premarital coitus for males had more knowledge of sexual physiology(P<.001) and venereal disease(P<.001); respondents
who answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with premarital coitus for females had more knowledge of sexual physiology(P<.001); respondents who answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with extramarital coitus for males had more knowledge of sexual
physiology(P<.05).
Regarding relationships between sexual experience and knowledge, respondents who had experienced masturbation had more knowledge of sexual physiology(P<.001) and venereal disease(P<.001); respondents who had experienced coitus had more knowledge of sexual physiology(P<.701),venereal disease(P<.001), and contraceptive methods(P<.05); respondents who had experienced contraception had more knowledge of genital physiology(P<.05), sexual physiology(P<.001), venereal disease(P<.001),and contraceptive methods(P<.01): respondents who had experienced rape had more knowledge of venereal disease(P<.05): respondents who had experienced abortion had more knowledge of genital physiology(P<.01),and sexual physiology(P<.001).
Regarding relationships between sexual experience and attitude, those respondents who had experienced masturbation more frequently answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with premarital abortion(P<.05) and premarital coitus for both males and females(P<.001) than those who had not experienced masturbation. Those respondents who had experienced coitus more frequently answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with premarital and extramarital coitus for both males and females(P<.001, P<.01).
Those respondents who had experienced contraception more frequently answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with postmarital abortion(P<.05), premarital and extramarital coitus for both males and females coitus(P<.001, P<.01). Those respondents who had experienced rape more frequently answered 'strongly agree' or
'agree' with premarital coitus for males(P<.01). Also, those who had experienced pregnancy more frequently answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with premarital coitus for females(P<.01). The respondents who had experienced abortion more frequently answered 'strongly agree' or 'agree' with premarital coitus for females(P<.01).restrictio
Uncertainty, appraisal and quality of life in patients with breast cancer across treatment phases
No full text간호학과/석사[한글]
본 연구는 유방암 환자의 치료 단계에 따른 불확실성 정도와 불확실성 평가, 이에 대한 삶의 질의 정도를 확인하여 치료 단계에 따른 불확실성에 대한 간호 중재를 통해 환자들의 삶의 질을 증진시키기 위한 간호 중재 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초 자료를 제공하기 위한 목적으로 시행된 서술적 상관관계 연구이다.
연구 대상자는 2004년 10월 18일부터 2004년 11월 30일까지의 44일간 일 대학교 병원에서 유방암 진단을 받고 수술을 위해 입원한 대상자와 수술 후 보조요법을 받는 대상자, 유방암과 관련된 치료가 종결되고 추후 일 대학교 병원 유방센터 외래를 방문중인 유방암 여성들을 대상으로 연구를 시행하였다. 대상자는 유방암의 진단 시기 54명, 보조요법 시기 54명, 회복 및 추후 관리시기 53명으로 총 161명이었으며, 불확실성 정도를 측정하기 위해 MUIS (Mishel''s Uncertainty Illness Scale), 불확실성 평가양상을 측정하기 위해 불확실성 평가도구인 위험평가도구 (Danger Appraisal scale)와 기회평가도구 (Opportunity Appraisal scale), 삶의 질을 측정하기 위해 Ferrell (1989)의 QOL-CS (Quality of Life-Cancer Survivors)를 이용하였다.
연구 결과, 치료 단계에 따른 불확실성 정도는 세 그룹 간에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었고, 불확실성에 대한 위험 평가는 보조요법 시기에 가장 높았으며, 치료 단계에 따른 세 그룹 간에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 또한 불확실성 정도와 불확실성에 대해 위험 평가는 긍정적인 상관관계가, 기회평가와는 부정적인 상관관계가 있었다.
대상자들의 치료 단계에 따른 세 그룹간의 삶의 질은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 불확실성 정도와 위험평가와 부정적인 상관관계가 있었으며, 기회평가와는 긍정적인 상관관계가 있었다. 삶의 질을 유의하게 설명하는 변수는 나이, 종교, 병기, 불확실성 정도, 불확실성에 대한 위험평가와 기회평가로 나타났으며, 불확실성 정도에 의해 약 32%, 불확실성에 대한 평가인 위험평가와 기회평가에 의해 약 59%로 삶의 질의 설명이 가능하였다.
치료 단계에 따라 대상자들의 질병에 대한 불확실성 정도는 유의한 차이 없어, 유방암 환자들에서 해결해 주어야 할 중대한 문제인 것을 확인하였고, 불확실성이 높을수록 불확실성에 대해 위험으로, 불확실성이 낮을수록 불확실성에 대해 기회로 평가하였으며, 불확실성이 높을수록 삶의 질은 유의하게 낮았다. 또한, 불확실성에 대해 위험으로 평가할수록 삶의 질은 낮고, 불확실성에 대해 기회로 평가할수록 삶의 질은 높아지는 것을 알 수 있었다.
이에, 유방암 환자들의 각 치료 단계에서 불확실성은 중요한 문제로 인식되었으므로, 불확실성을 줄이기 위한 중재프로 그램 개발과 적용, 평가에 관한 연구의 진행이 필요하며, 불확실성 정도와 불확실성의 평가 양상인 위험평가와 기회평가가 삶의 질과 유의한 관계가 있었으므로 간호 실무에서 불확실성을 낮추고 불확실성 평가 중 기회평가를 높여주기 위한 간호중재 프로그램을 개발하고 실무에 적용, 평가하는 연구를 제언한다.
[영문]Breast cancer patients are faced with uncertain situations throughout their cancer treatments. They sometimes adjust well, but other times they may experience despair due to new and different situations. Therefore, this study tries to examine the relationship among uncertainty, appraisal and quality of life in patients with breast cancer across treatment phases.
This study employed a descriptive correlational and cross-sectional survey design using a face-to-face interview method. The survey was conducted from Oct 18, 2004 to Nov 30, 2004. The subject of this study was total 161 patients who were recruited from one university hospital, by convenient sampling, under informed consent. 54 were in a diagnostic phase, 54 were in an adjuvant treatment phase, and 53 were in a follow-up phase. All these patients were interviewed with Mishel‘s Uncertainty in Illness Scale, Appraisal Scale and Ferrell Quality of Life Scale-Cancer Survivor in order to evaluate their level of uncertainty, appraisal type of uncertainty, and quality of life. Data were analyzed using χ2 test, ANOVA, Scheffe test, Pearson''s correlation coefficient, and Hierarchical multiple regression.
As the results of this study, no difference was found in uncertainty across treatment phases. Appraisal of danger was significantly different across treatment phases; however, appraisal of opportunity was not significantly different in three groups. Significant positive correlation was found between uncertainty and an appraisal of danger, and significant negative correlation was found between uncertainty and an appraisal of opportunity.
Quality of life of the three groups was significantly different. Quality of life had a negative correlation with uncertainty and an appraisal of danger, a positive correlation with an appraisal of opportunity. Variables which explain quality of life significantly were verified as age, religion, a stage of cancer, uncertainty, and an appraisal of danger and opportunity.
The study results demonstrated that uncertainty and an appraisal of danger and opportunity accounted for a significant amount of variance of quality of life. Also, the study results underscore the importance of uncertainty and an appraisal of uncertainty in improving quality of life for patients with breast cancer.
Therefore, nurses need to identify, monitor, and assist women who are at risk for uncertainty and an appraisal of danger across treatment phases, and further research is needed to evaluate and apply intervention to women with breast cancer.ope
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