2,166 research outputs found
American Geographical Society of New York Records, 1723-2010, bulk 1854-2000
No full textCorrespondence between Isaiah Bowman and Bertram T. Lee regarding his collection of items "related to the discovery, conquest, and colonization of the West Coast of South America.
Metabolic profiling and population screening of analgesic usage in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-based large-scale epidemiologic studies
Full text linkThe application of a 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy-based screening method for determining the use of two widely available analgesics (acetaminophen and ibuprofen) in epidemiologic studies has been investigated. We used samples and data from the cross-sectional INTERMAP Study involving participants from Japan (n = 1145), China (n = 839), U.K. (n = 501), and the U.S. (n = 2195). An orthogonal projection to latent structures discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) algorithm with an incorporated Monte Carlo resampling function was applied to the NMR data set to determine which spectra contained analgesic metabolites. OPLS-DA preprocessing parameters (normalization, bin width, scaling, and input parameters) were assessed systematically to identify an optimal acetaminophen prediction model. Subsets of INTERMAP spectra were examined to verify and validate the presence/absence of acetaminophen/ibuprofen based on known chemical shift and coupling patterns. The optimized and validated acetaminophen model correctly predicted 98.2%, and the ibuprofen model correctly predicted 99.0% of the urine specimens containing these drug metabolites. The acetaminophen and ibuprofen models were subsequently used to predict the presence/absence of these drug metabolites for the remaining INTERMAP specimens. The acetaminophen model identified 415 out of 8436 spectra as containing acetaminophen metabolite signals while the ibuprofen model identified 245 out of 8604 spectra as containing ibuprofen metabolite signals from the global data set after excluding samples used to construct the prediction models. The NMR-based metabolic screening strategy provides a new objective approach for evaluation of self-reported medication data and is extendable to other aspects of population xenometabolome profiling
Breakdown in repression of IFN-gamma mRNA leads to accumulation of self-reactive effector CD8+ T cells
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<p id="p-1">Tight regulation of virus-induced cytotoxic effector CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells is essential to prevent immunopathology. Naturally occurring effector CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells, with a KLRG1<sup>hi</sup> CD62L<sup>lo</sup> phenotype typical of short-lived effector CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells (SLECs), can be found in increased numbers in autoimmune-prone mice, most notably in mice homozygous for the <em>san</em> allele of <em>Roquin</em>. These SLEC-like cells were able to trigger autoimmune diabetes in a susceptible background. When Roquin is mutated (<em>Roquin<sup>san</sup></em>), effector CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells accumulate in a cell-autonomous manner, most prominently as SLEC-like effectors. Excessive IFN-γ promotes the accumulation of SLEC-like cells, increases their T-bet expression, and enhances their granzyme B production in vivo. We show that overexpression of IFN-γ was caused by failed posttranscriptional repression of <em>Ifng</em> mRNA. This study identifies a novel mechanism that prevents accumulation of self-reactive cytotoxic effectors, highlighting the importance of regulating <em>Ifng</em> mRNA stability to maintain CD8<sup>+</sup> T cell homeostasis and prevent CD8-mediated autoimmunity.</p
Watson-Russell Children - 02
No full textPhotograph - Five of the six children of Thomas Watson and Cassie Russell, Athabasca, Alberta. Left to right: William S. Watson, T. Russell Watson, Cecilia B. Watson, H. Bertram Watson, and Helen E. Watso
Watson-Russell Children
No full textPhotograph - Five of the six children of Thomas Watson and Cassie Russell, Athabasca, Alberta. Left to right: William S. Watson, T. Russell Watson, Cecilia B. Watson, Helen E. Watson, and H. Bertram Watso
Assessing Semi-Autonomous Waterborne Platooning Success Factors in Urban Areas
No full textA waterborne platooning concept, i.e. a Vessel Train (VT) it is composed of a fully manned lead vessel that takes over navigational responsibility for the followers. Joining a VT helps improve the competitiveness of smaller vessels and increase their use, as it allows a vessel to sail continuously with a small crew. This paper identifies the challenges created when penetrating urban areas and models the viability of the VT. The influence factors of the implementation hinge on the maximum opening times and on the simultaneous opening of adjacent bridges. The results provide guidelines for a successful integration of the semi-autonomous platooning system in urban areas.Ship Design, Production and Operation
Identification of duck T lymphocytes using and anti-human T cell (CD3) antiserum.
No full textDuck lymphocytes have not been classified into cells resembling B or T cells of mammals. Reagents used in the past to identify lymphocyte populations in other species have not been useful for this purpose and antibodies raised to duck immunoglobulin bind in high proportions to blood and organ lymphocytes of ducks as well as to their red blood cells. Here we report that a polyclonal rabbit antiserum reacting to the CD3 marker on human T cells has been used to identify duck T lymphocytes. These antibodies react with the intracytoplasmic portion of the human CD3 epsilon chain (amino acids 156-168), an epitope highly conserved between mammals. Immunohistochemical staining with this antiserum of sections of duck lymphoid organs and FACScan analysis of duck lymphoid cell suspensions identified a population of duck lymphocytes with a staining pattern similar to that seen for mammalian T cells. This anti-human CD3 immunoprecipitated a 23 kDa protein from a duck lymphoblast lysate: a size similar to the human CD3 epsilon chain. This is the first direct identification of duck T lymphocytes
Cycloaddition of arylchlorocarbenes using ultrasound
No full textAn alternative method for the generation of arylchlorocarbenes using ultrasound is described.PT: J; CR: ETEMADMOGHADAM G, 1991, TETRAHEDRON LETT, V32, P5965 LIU MTH, 1972, CAN J CHEM, V50, P3009 LORIMER JP, 1987, CHEM SOC REV, V16, P239 MASON TJ, 1990, CHEM ULTRASOUND REGEN SL, 1982, J ORG CHEM, V47, P1587; NR: 5; TC: 7; J9: J CHEM SOC CHEM COMMUN; PG: 2; GA: KT299Source type: Electronic(1
T-Cell Immunogenicity and Dysfunction in Cancer and Viral Diseases
Full text linkabstract: CD8+ T-lymphocytes (CTLs) are central to the immunologic control of infections and are currently at the forefront of strategies that enhance immune based treatment of a variety of tumors. Effective T-cell based vaccines and immunotherapies fundamentally rely on the interaction of CTLs with peptide-human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) complexes on the infected/malignant cell surface. However, how CTLs are able to respond to antigenic peptides with high specificity is largely unknown. Also unknown, are the different mechanisms underlying tumor immune evasion from CTL-mediated cytotoxicity. In this dissertation, I investigate the immunogenicity and dysfunction of CTLs for the development of novel T-cell therapies. Project 1 explores the biochemical hallmarks associated with HLA-I binding peptides that result in a CTL-immune response. The results reveal amino acid hydrophobicity of T-cell receptor (TCR) contact residues within immunogenic CTL-epitopes as a critical parameter for CTL-self/nonself discrimination. Project 2 develops a bioinformatic and experimental methodology for the identification of CTL-epitopes from low frequency T-cells against tumor antigens and chronic viruses. This methodology is employed in Project 3 to identify novel immunogenic CTL-epitopes from human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck cancer patients. In Project 3, I further study the mechanisms of HPV-specific T-cell dysfunction, and I demonstrate that combination inhibition of Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO-1) and programmed cell death protein (PD-1) can be a potential immunotherapy against HPV+ head and neck cancers. Lastly, in Project 4, I develop a single-cell assay for high-throughput identification of antigens targeted by CTLs from whole pathogenome libraries. Thus, this dissertation contributes to fundamental T-cell immunobiology by identifying rules of T-cell immunogenicity and dysfunction, as well as to translational immunology by identifying novel CTL-epitopes, and therapeutic targets for T-cell immunotherapy.Dissertation/ThesisDoctoral Dissertation Biological Design 201
Trade-offs for wireless transcutaneous RF communication in biotelemetric applications
Full text linkThe application of biotelemetry in the case of a RF controllable microvalve is discussed. Biotelemetry implies the contactless measurement of different electrical and nonelectrical parameters measured on human or animal subjects. A biotelemetry system consists of a transmitter and a receiver with a transmission link in-between. Transmitted information can be a biopotential or a nonelectric value like arterial pressure, respiration, body temperature or pH value. Transducers convert nonelectrical values into electrical signals. Radio frequency (RF) telemetry allows a patient greater mobility. Above all, the application of wireless communication becomes more and more popular in microinvasive surgery. Battery powered implants are most commonly used, but batteries must be changed after a period of time. To avoid this, wireless transcutaneous radio frequency (RF) communication is proposed for the powering and control of medical implants.Inke Pitz, Leonard T. Hall, Hedley J. Hansen, Vijay K. Varadan, Chris D. Bertram, Simon Maddocks, Stefan Enderling, David Saint, Said F. Al-Sarawi, and Derek Abbot
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