1,721,024 research outputs found
Health capital:A conceptual framework for understanding user diversity in health information systems
No full textPerspectives on health as individualized and privatized capital can shed light on the construction of individual health and the inequalities in the interaction of users with health information systems. Capital denotes the resources available to an agent to produce a desired outcome, be it a product, a service, or an improvement in one’s health status. Health capital comprises those resources available to an agent that can - immediately or through processes of conversion - be employed to maintain good health and manage illness. Such resources can be economic, social, cultural, or even symbolic in nature, including but not limited to the agents’ health-related skills and competencies, their social networks and relationships, their financial means, and their social status. Examples of applying this concept cover the spectrum from professional healthcare to self-care
Adverse Events in Hospitals: The Contribution of Poor Information Systems
Full text linkAdverse events in hospitals, events in which harm results to a person receiving health care, are well documented (Wilson 1995, Hepler 2001). However, while factors such as lack of training and other human factors (Wilson et al, 1995) have been identified as contributing to this problem, there is a paucity of research attempting to link information systems failure to adverse patient events. This paper examines the co-occurrence of these issues. Specifically, we look at two case studies relating to treatment decisions in two large public hospitals. We examine the incidence of adverse events in hospitals with regard to errors in treatment decisions where information delivery is unreliable. We ask the question: can information delivery problems lead to adverse events for patients? It is important to empirically test the impact of this particular factor in the complex environment of hospitals where a full range of factors may adversely affect patient care. We have reason to believe that poor information systems can have a negative impact on patient care leading to adverse events where data delivery and availability problems exist and are not being addressed by hospital management. Further findings of this paper are that I.S. improvements need to be complimented by cultural changes in hospitals that support the use of computerised systems, and enhanced approaches to I.S. governance in the context of healthcare
Using Building Blocks to Construct Effective Learning Objects
Full text linkTechnological developments over the past decade have had a strong impact on education bringing significant opportunities for changing teaching models. This has led to an interest in the development of shareable, scalable and reusable learning objects. This paper builds on the ideas of Parrish (2004) and other recognised theorists in this area who suggest that the production of educational materials needs to promote adaptive learning strategies. We broaden Parrish’s work by testing some of his propositions for object oriented instructional design in the domain of information systems. The contribution of this paper is an extended set of principles for creating multimedia building blocks and aggregating them into learning objects as well as engaging students in the development process. The principles can be used for creating and reusing multimedia building blocks for teaching in many discipline areas. We illustrate the use of these principles by developing and testing a set of learning objects for learning programming. We find that the high cost of creating learning objects noted by Parrish can be ameliorated by using readily available software and Web 2.0 technologies. This approach supports academics developing learning objects without involving professional educational designers and without the added overhead of learning complex software packages
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Testing technology: Can it bring the benefits we hope for?
Full text linkThe case method is much used in information systems education. There is little consideration on how to use this method in culturally mixed classes. This matter is increasingly important in Australian universities where many IS courses are filled with students from different cultural and educational backgrounds. This paper focuses on how to encourage participation in culturally mixed classes where the case method is used. It is based on the authors’ experiences of, and reflection on, teaching an information systems undergraduate subject using the case method for Year 3 level students. The purpose of the paper is to share our experiences with others in using the case method, and thereby improve teaching and learning. We critically look at the effectiveness of the case method in culturally mixed classes. We present here how the method was modified and discuss strengths and weaknesses of the modified format
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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