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Medical illness and positive life change: Can crisis lead to personal transformation?
No full textPeople often claim to experience improved relationships with family and friends, a clearer sense of their own strengths and resilience, changed priorities about what is important in life, and various other positive changes after struggling with stressful or traumatic events. What are we to make of these claims? Can we determine whether perceptions of change reflect real, verifiable change--that is, is it possible for someone to believe that he or she has grown while still exhibiting the same self-defeating thoughts and behaviors? Or is the perception of change itself an important meaning reconstruction process? What factors influence personal growth, and what effect does growth have on physical and mental health? This book examines these issues in depth and draws out their implications for research and clinical practice. Because medical illness has been one of the primary contexts in which researchers have studied the phenomenon of positive life change, this book focuses on how positive life change might be fostered in the context of medical illness. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Challenges in studying positive change after adversity: Illustrations from research on breast cancer.
No full textMany people initially assumed that the ability to find benefits from an illness would contribute to better adjustment to the illness, and much research has supported that view. In persons with various cancers, for example, links have emerged between concurrent benefit finding and lower distress, higher self-esteem, less anxiety greater well-being, more positive mood, and higher current life satisfaction and estimates of future life satisfaction. Yet a number of studies of women treated for breast cancer have obtained findings that differ from these. In some cases, no relation emerged between benefit finding and distress or well-being. In at least one case, benefit finding early in the cancer experience related to higher distress and reports of poorer quality of life later on. These puzzling inconsistencies generated much comment among researchers interested in benefit finding. What might account for the inconsistency? (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved
Enhancing positive adaptation: Example intervention during treatment for breast cancer.
No full textThis chapter draws from our program of research to tell the story of how we approached the questions germane to many cancer patients: What are their experiences? What changes occur in their lives? Which processes govern this? Which resources matter most? Can patients learn techniques to help themselves optimize this period of their lives and beyond? We begin by reviewing the stressors and major concerns that women experience as they deal with diagnosis, surgery, and adjuvant therapy for breast cancer. These stressors set the stage for the development of benefit finding and other aspects of positive adaptation indexed with psychosocial and physiological indicators. We next review individual differences such as optimism, certain cognitive coping strategies, social support, and anxiety reduction, all of which serve as resilience factors-qualities that predict better adaptation and benefit finding during treatment. We then consider the role of stress physiology in adapting to illness. Although the research on stress physiology has not been conducted specifically in the context of cancer, the findings may be relevant to cancer. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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