1,721,256 research outputs found
Studies on the relationship between the synchronization index and the microbial protein synthesis in the rumen of dairy cows
No full texttotal of eight Holstein cows equipped with ruminal and duodenal cannulae were used to evaluate the suitability of the synchronization index (SI) for optimizing microbial protein (MP) synthesis in the rumen in two experiments. In a preliminary study, degradation characteristics of the feedstuffs were estimated by the nylon bag technique and the quantities of organic matter (OM) and nitrogen (N) degraded per 4 It interval were calculated as difference between the cumulative amounts of OM and N degraded at successive intervals. The relationship between the sum of degraded N and the sum ofdegraded OM from the different feeds at each interval were used to calculate the SI. In the first in vivo experiment equal amounts of maize silage, grass hay, wheat grain and peas+ urea and in the second experiment grass silage, maize grain and soyabean meal were fed to seven and five cows, respectively, four times daily in three different sequences (FS): in FS-A equal amounts of the protein and energy sources were offered at each feeding time; FS-B: first and third feeding time were offered only the energy sources, second and fourth feeding time only the protein sources; FS-C: separate feeding of energy and protein sources as in "FS-B", but sequence was reversed. Mean feed intake was 14.2 and 17.0 kg DM in the first and second experiment, respectively. The ratio of N/OM release varied during the course of the day in dependence on the feeding sequences for both experiments. The variations of the ratios and the calculated SI were higher in the first compared to the second experiment. The SI was 0.76, 0.52, and 0.82 for FS-A, FS-B, and FS-C in the first experiment, respectively. In the second experiment, indices were 0.85, 0.90, and 0.72 for FS-A, FS-B, and FS-C, respectively. The means of rumen pH, ammonia-N, and total short chain fatty acids were not influenced by feeding sequences in both experiments. For both experiments, flow of non-ammonia-N at the duodenum and efficiency of microbial protein (MP) synthesis tended to be highest in FS-B where energy sources were fed at the first feeding time. This was significant only in the second experiment (187, 245, and 197 g microbial CP/kg fermented OM (FOM) for FS-A, FS-B, and FS-C, respectively). Microbial CP synthesis was not consistent with the SI parameters. Only in the second experiment, the highest SI corresponded with the highest microbial CP synthesis. The lowest SI in the first (0.52, FS-B) and second experiment (0.72, FS-C) was not associated with the lowest efficiencies of microbial CP synthesis (163 and 187 g microbial CP/kg FOM, FS-A in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively). (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Vergleich der in sacco-Abbaubarkeit von Trockensubstanz und verschiedenen Faserfraktionen der Silagen zweier Maishybriden (Zea mays L., brown midrib und konventionell) bei Milchkühen
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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