1,720,959 research outputs found
Identification de pratiques et de systèmes innovants d'intégration culture-élevage à la Réunion
No full textMasterAs part of the SelbioDOM project, wich aims at identifying the possible ways of developing organiclivestock farming in the overseas departments, we focused our interest on innovative systems orpractices of crop-livestock integration designed by farmers on Reunion Island. The development oforganic farming in island territories faces many obstacles, including heavy dependence on importedinputs (concentrated feed for animals and fertilizers). We made the assumptions that (i) crop-livestockintegration helps reducing the dependence of agricultural systems on inputs, and that (ii) manyinnovative solutions, adapted to the local context, are developed by producers and constitute aninteresting source of inspiration for the development of organic livestock farming. The study wasbased on a survey in mixed crop-livestock farms, and mobilized an approach of “tracking downinnovations” in order to research, characterize and evaluate innovative systems or practices differentfrom those already known by the research and development. Thirty-seven innovative practices havebeen identified in eighteen different production systems. They not only concern animal feed and cropfertilization, but also animal health, weed control and crop protection. Organizational and socioeconomicinnovations often result from synergies between crops and livestock. The profile of breedersimplementing those innovations, and the satisfaction criteria they use to validate their practices werestudied. Those alternative strategies have limits, which are discussed in this study.Dans le cadre du projet SelbioDOM (et plus largement du métaprogramme INRAE Metabio), visant àidentifier les voies de développement possibles de l’élevage biologique dans les DOM, nous noussommes intéressés aux systèmes ou pratiques innovantes d’intégration culture-élevage conçus pardes éleveurs sur l’île de la Réunion. Le développement de l’élevage Bio dans les territoires insulairesest confronté à de nombreuses contraintes, dont la forte dépendance aux intrants importés (alimentsconcentré et produits fertilisants). Nous faisons l’hypothèse que (i) l’intégration culture-élevage (ICE)constitue un levier permettant de réduire la dépendance des systèmes agricoles vis-à-vis des intrants,et que (ii) de nombreuses solutions innovantes, adaptées au contexte local, sont mises au point parles producteurs et constituent une source intéressante d’inspiration pour le développement del’élevage biologique. L’étude s’est basé sur une enquête dans des exploitations en polyculture-élevage,et mobilise une approche de « traque aux innovations » afin de rechercher, caractériser etévaluer des systèmes ou pratiques innovantes d’ICE différents de ceux déjà connus par la rechercheet le développement. Trente-sept pratiques innovantes ont été identifiées dans dix-huit système deproduction différents. Elles concernent non seulement l’alimentation animale et la fertilisation descultures, mais également la santé animale, le désherbage et la protection des cultures. Desinnovations organisationnelles et socio-économiques découlent souvent des synergies entre cultureset élevage. Le profils des éleveurs mettant en place ces innovations, et les critères de satisfactionqu’ils utilisent pour valider leurs pratiques ont été étudiés. Ces stratégies d’ICE alternatives à l’achatd’intrants présentent néanmoins des limites, qui sont discutées dans cette étude
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Fiches Innovation en ferme, dans des systèmes intégrant cultures et élevage à la Réunion (projet SelbioDOM)
No full textProjet SelbioDOMRecueil d'innovations en ferme identifiées dans le cadre d'une traque à l'innovation paysanne conduite dans le projet SelbioDOM, à l'ile de la RéunionRecueil d'innovations en ferme identifiées dans le cadre d'une traque à l'innovation paysanne conduite dans le projet SelbioDOM, à l'ile de la RéunionFiche n°1: Alimentation animale - Utilisation de ressources locales pour l'alimentation animaleFiche n°2: Fertilisation, désherbage et protection des cultures - Entretien des cultures grâce aux animaux d'élevageFiche n°3: Santé animale - utilisation de plantes en santé animale et sélection de races rustiquesFiche n°5: Alimentation animale - Diversification de l'alimentation des petits ruminants avec les produits de l'exploitationFiche n°7: Alimentation animale, gestion de l'enherbement des vergers par le pâturage de bœufs MokaFiche n°8: Alimentation animale - gestion de la flore adventice des prairies d'altitudeFiche n°9: Alimentation animale, santé animale - Gestion des parcours des volailles conduites en plein ai
Identification de pratiques et de systèmes innovants d’intégration culture-élevage à la Réunion
No full textIllustration des résultats du stage réalisé par Emma Le Merlus "Identification de pratiques et de systèmes innovants d’intégration culture-élevage à la Réunion" présentée à l'occasion de la réunion de restitution organisée avec le GAB Réunio
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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