1,720,980 research outputs found
Evaluation of the activity of dhurrin and sorghum towards Meloidogyne incognita
No full textThe epidermal cells of leaf and roots of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), sudangrass (5. sudanensis) and sorghum-sudangrass hybrids (5. bicolor à S. sudanensis) contain the cyanogenic glucoside dhurrin, which can degrade into hydrogen cyanide (HCN), well known for its toxicity to many organisms, including nematodes. In vitro bioassays were carried out with the aim of evaluating the nematicidal and the nematistatic effects of dhurrin concentrations on second-stage juveniles (J2) of Meloidogyne incognita, and the effectiveness of dhurrin in decreasing or preventing hatching of M. incognita. Furthermore, Sorghum hybrid c v. Super Dolce 10, selected for its dhurrin content, and Eruca sativa sel. Nemat were used in two glasshouse experiments to study the host-nematode relationship and the development of M. incognita life cycle in the roots. In the in vitro bioassays, Sorghum hybrid cv. Super Dolce 10 showed an inhibitory effect on hatching, a slow nematicidal effect on J2 and no nematistatic activity. In the glasshouse experiments, both Sorghum hybrid cv. Super Dolce 10 and E. sativa sel. Nemat proved to be a poor to non-host of M. incognita, with reproduction factor (R) always <1, compared with Solanum lycopersicum cv. UC82, an excellent host (R = 43). In both bioactive accessions two generations were completed in 15 weeks (four cycles in S. lycopersicum), but with the production of very few egg masses, while root infestation was also always very low, with gall index (G.I.) < 1, compared with S. lycopersicum (G.I. = 4). In this study, the effectiveness of E. sativa sel. Nemat in controlling M. incognita confirmed data from previous work. © Koninklijke Brill NV., Leiden, 2012
EVALUATION OF CAMELINA SATIVA (L.) CRANTZ AS OILSEED CROP IN TWO ENVIRONMENTS OF CENTRAL AND NORTHERN ITALY
No full textCamelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) has gained considerable attention in Europe and North America as a
potential oilseed feedstock for advanced biofuels (i.e.aviation fuel) and bioproducts. Camelina seeds contain also different compounds, among which glucosinolates (GLs) make the resulting oil cake interesting for the production of value added chemicals . The objectives of the following study were to characterize the production potential of camelina in two environments of central (Pisa, Tuscany) and northern (Bologna, Emilia Romagna) Italy, traditionally devoted to cereal and
sunflower cultivation. Results showed that seed and oil yield were higher in Pisa than in Bologna. This was probably due to differences in the sowing dates. In fact, previous experiments showed that winter sown camelina can be damaged by frost in the initial vegetative growth stages. The harvest index found in Pisa was significantly higher than in
Bologna due to the lower dry matter accumulation in the vegetative tissues in spring sown crops during the 2nd
and 3rd year of field trial. Very high amounts of GLs were found, with significant variation among years and
environments ; the values reached in both environments were among the highest between those found in
the literature.This study highlights the good crop adaptability, seed and oil yield, protein and GL content of camellia under the pedo-climatic conditions of central and northern Italy, evidencing a clear effect of location and climate on
seed yield and its quality. The high amount of glucosinolates makes the resulting oil cake suitable for the
production of value added chemicals
Novel oilseed crops for cropping systems diversification in Central Italy
No full textThe traditional cereal-based systems of the lowland environments of Mediterranean region are subject to progressive degradation and undesirable decrease in their fertility. Diversification through crop rotation could lead to a more sustainable production systems, in accordance also with the greening measures of the new EU CAP (2014–2020). For farmers, it is crucial to find new crops to include in crop rotations. Novel oilseed crops, like linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.), camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz) and sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) may represent a valuable alternative, due to their adaptability to marginal soils and to their economic value related to the high quality of the oil, increasingly appreciated by consumers and by the industry . The aim of the present study was to investigate the production potential of winter (garden cress, safflower and linseed) and spring (camelina and sesame) novel oilseed crops at farm level in central Italy in integrated production systems. Results showed that in safflower and linseed, seed, oil and straw yields were significantly influenced by the year of cultivation, while yields of garden cress and camelina were quite stable throughout the study . Significant differences in the oil content were found only for camelina with a significant reduction in 2015. Linseed showed an oil content and yield comparable to sunflower. The oil quality of both crops compared well with market standards, with a content of linoleic >72% and linolenic > 57% in safflower and linseed respectively.The oil of garden cress was characterized by a similar level of oleic and linolenic acid. Camelina showed an interesting oil content and yield, in particular in the first two years of experiments, with a high content of linolenic acid and a medium level of erucic acid. Sesame oil showed a fatty acid composition characterised by high oleic (36.4%) and linoleic acid (46.9%) content that makes this oil nutritionally beneficial.This study underlined the possibility to successfully grow and handle novel oilseed crops in the studied pedoclimatic conditions where they can be included in a rotation scenario with wheat. These oilseed crops showed good adaptability, with quite stable yields over the years and interesting oil content and composition for possible industrial applications. Furthermore, they can contribute to preserve soil fertility and its long-term maintenance by reducing erosion and nutrient losses during the rainy season, and /or by organic carbon sequestration through soil incorporation of crop residues
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Fatty acid and glucosinolates patterns of seed oil from Isatis indigotica Fortune as bioproducts for green chemistry.
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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