1,721,000 research outputs found
Oral spironolactone for acne vulgaris in adult females: an update of the literature
No full textDear Editor,In 2016, the article Oral Spironolactone for Acne Vulgaris inAdult Females: A Hybrid Systematic Review, was publishedin your journal [1]. This article considered all available dataon spironolactone for acne in adult females, and concludedthat the quality of research was not of a high enough standard to guide prescribing recommendations. Spironolactonetherefore continues to be prescribed of license in the treatment of acne, based on case reports and expert opinionrather than robust evidence.An updated search of the literature, using the same searchstrategy as the original review, was performed on 5 February, 2020 to identify any new published data in the feld.Electronic searches were conducted on EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Cochrane Skin, Science Citation Index and LILACS databases. Trial databases searched included the meta Registerof Controlled Trials, US National Institutes of Health ongoing trials register, ANZCTR, World Health Organizationand the European Union’s clinical trials register. Finally, aGoogle hand search was performed using the search termsacne and spironolacton
Competencies and clinical guidelines for managing acne with isotretinoin in general practice: a scoping review
No full textBackground: acne is a common, chronic, and burdensome disease. There is evidence of delayed and inequitable patient access to isotretinoin. Overuse of antibiotics in patients with acne raises antimicrobial stewardship concerns. Aim: to identify clinical practice guideline (CPG) and consensus statement recommendations regarding the clinical competencies required for prescribing oral isotretinoin for acne.Design and setting: this was a scoping review of acne CPGs and consensus statements, globally. Method: the Arksey and O’Malley framework informed design in conjunction with Joanna Briggs Institute guidance. The PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews guided reporting. The search was conducted across six databases (Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO), three guideline repositories (Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network, Guidelines International Network, Trip), and grey literature. Two researchers independently screened titles and abstracts, and full-text papers. The AGREE II checklist appraised CPG quality. Results: from the initial 2292 articles, eight CPGs were included after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Five were from Europe, with one each from the US, Canada, and Malaysia. The CPG guidance varied regarding 'Which doctor may prescribe isotretinoin?' All CPGs indicated dermatologists and four identified GPs as appropriate prescribers. The CPGs identify the clinical competencies to safely manage people with acne using isotretinoin: dermatology, pregnancy prevention, mental health assessment, and blood testing. Conclusion: this scoping review has identified the key clinical competencies that underpin safe management of people with acne using isotretinoin: dermatology, pregnancy prevention, mental health assessment, and blood testing. Resourcing and supporting GPs to incrementally adopt this role may promote safe, timely, and equitable patient access to isotretinoin, while enhancing antimicrobial stewardship
Stemming the tide of antimicrobial resistance: implications for management of acne vulgaris
Full text linkPatient reported outcome measures for Acne: a mixed methods validation study (Acne PROMS)
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Factors that influence women’s enrolment and ongoing participation in a partially decentralised randomised controlled dermatology trial: a qualitative interview study with participants in the SAFA (Spironolactone for Adult Female Acne) trial
No full textBackground: The use of decentralised clinical trials (which bring trials to patients through remote processes and technology versus central on-site visits) has been thought to be a potential solution to common recruitment and retention barriers. However, there is a lack of evidence to understand the experiences, needs and preferences of the public to inform trial methodologies that appeal to different populations. We report participant experiences of SAFA, a partially decentralised randomised clinical trial, to inform the methodology used in future dermatology trials that aim to appeal to women aged 18 and over. Methods: Participants of the SAFA (Spironolactone for Adult Female Acne) trial were invited to take part in a qualitative semi-structured interview to explore their experience and perspectives of taking part in the trial. Questions focused on their experience of using decentralised methods to access and enrol in the trial (e.g. social media advertising), in addition to the decentralised trial visit and data collection methods used throughout. Interviews were conducted remotely, recorded, and transcribed. Data were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis. Results: Twelve SAFA participants (all women, age range 22–36 years) were interviewed. Initially, participants were influenced to enrol by trusted online information, the feeling of validation the trial provided, and the convenience and flexibility offered by the decentralised methods and research staff made participants feel valued and enabled them to engage in the trial with minimal interference to existing commitments. SAFA participants were generally accepting of trial demands, such as the text-heavy paperwork and on-site visits for blood collection and highlighted several areas relevant for trial conduct going forwards including where decentralised methods may (and may not) be accepted and how trial accessibility and understanding could be improved. Conclusions: The study has shown that decentralised methods used by responsive and approachable staff were widely accepted in the SAFA trial. Interviewees found the methods adopted in the SAFA trial helped the trial to fit with their needs and promoted a sense of feeling valued that encouraged ongoing trial engagement. Decentralised methods should be considered favourably when designing a dermatology trial as they can potentially enhance both recruitment and retention. Trial registration number: ISRCTN 12892056. Registered on October 15, 2018.</p
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