11 research outputs found
A study on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Abu Dhabi, UAE: prevalence, risk factors & quality of management
No full textBackground
The prevalence of diabetes, chiefly type 2 (T2DM), is particularly high in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Effective management of the disorder and its co-morbidities is needed; however quality of T2DM care is variable and suboptimal worldwide. In the UAE, few studies have been undertaken to systematically review the prevalence of T2DM and its risk factors and any changes in these trends overtime. Also, studies on the quality of T2DM care and factors influencing it are lacking.
Aim
To examine the quality of care provided to people with T2DM in Abu Dhabi, particularly Al-Ain, and identify factors influencing it.
Methods
This was a multi-method study involving systematic reviews, and quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative data were collected from a random sample of medical records of people with T2DM to assess the quality of T2DM care and improvement overtime and investigate any differences in the care provided to different age groups and genders. The qualitative method includes semi-structured interviews with healthcare professionals to investigate factors affecting the quality of T2DM care.
Results
Findings from the quantitative study demonstrated that the care provided to people with T2DM is sub-optimal for glycaemic and blood pressure control. Better glycaemic control was more common among people aged 40 and above. However, encouraging progress with regard to intermediate outcomes of diabetes control including glycaemic and lipid between 2008 and 2010 was found among both genders. Four main themes emerged from the thematic analysis including motivation of healthcare professionals, training of healthcare professionals, team work and Emirate cultural impact on diabetes care.Conclusion
This study has provided a picture of T2DM prevalence and risk factors for its adverse outcomes in the UAE. Findings from this study can help policy makers, managers and healthcare professionals to plan and execute better quality culturally-appropriate interventions to improve diabetes care, and reduce its burden. Strengthening the collaboration and joint planning between different health authorities in the UAE through the development of a national planning framework is highly recommended to reduce the burden of T2DM epidemic and improve the quality of its care. Also, reinforcing the role of the primary care in providing T2DM care, and strengthening the collaboration and co-ordination between the primary and secondary care settings in the UAE is required to optimize the care provided to people with T2DM
Prevalence of type 2 diabetes in the States of the co-operation council for the Arab States of the Gulf: a systematic review.
No full textAimsThe recent and ongoing worldwide expansion in prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes (T2DM) is a considerable risk to individuals, health systems and economies. The increase in prevalence has been particularly marked in the states of the Co-operation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC), and these trends are set to continue. We aimed to systematically review the current prevalence of T2DM within these states, and also within particular sub-populations.MethodsWe identified 27 published studies for review. Studies were identified by systematic database searches. Medline and Embase were searched using terms such as diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent, hyperglycemia, prevalence, epidemiology and Gulf States. Our search also included scanning reference lists, contacting experts and hand-searching key journals. Studies were judged against pre-determined inclusion and exclusion criteria, and where suitable for inclusion, data extraction and quality assessment was achieved using a specifically-designed tool. All studies where prevalence of diabetes was investigated were eligible for inclusion. The inclusion criteria required that the study population be of a GCC country, but otherwise all ages, sexes and ethnicities were included, resident and migrant populations, urban and rural, of all socioeconomic and educational backgrounds. No limitations on publication type, publication status, study design or language of publication were imposed. However, we did not include secondary reports of data, such as review articles without novel data synthesis.ConclusionsThe prevalence of T2DM is an increasing problem for all GCC states. They may therefore benefit to a relatively high degree from co-ordinated implementation of broadly consistent management strategies. Further study of prevalence in children and in national versus expatriate populations would also be useful
Quality of type 2 diabetes management in the states of the Co-operation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf: a systematic review.
No full textType 2 diabetes mellitus is a growing, worldwide public health concern. Recent growth has been particularly dramatic in the states of The Co-operation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC), and these and other developing economies are at particular risk. We aimed to systematically review the quality of control of type 2 diabetes in the GCC, and the nature and efficacy of interventions. We identified 27 published studies for review. Studies were identified by systematic database searches. Medline and Embase were searched separately (via Dialog and Ovid, respectively; 1950 to July 2010 (Medline), and 1947 to July 2010 (Embase)) on 15/07/2009. The search was updated on 08/07/2010. Terms such as diabetes mellitus, non-insulin-dependent, hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia and Gulf States were used. Our search also included scanning reference lists, contacting experts and hand-searching key journals. Studies were judged against pre-determined inclusion/exclusion criteria, and where suitable for inclusion, data extraction/quality assessment was achieved using a specifically-designed tool. All studies wherein glycaemic-, blood pressure- and/or lipid- control were investigated (clinical and/or process outcomes) were eligible for inclusion. No limitations on publication type, publication status, study design or language of publication were imposed. We found the extent of control to be sub-optimal and relatively poor. Assessment of the efficacy of interventions was difficult due to lack of data, but suggestive that more widespread and controlled trial of secondary prevention strategies may have beneficial outcomes. We found no record of audited implementation of primary preventative strategies and anticipate that controlled trial of such strategies would also be useful
Prevalences of overweight, obesity, hyperglycaemia, hypertension and dyslipidaemia in the Gulf: systematic review
No full textObjectivesTo examine the prevalence of risk factors for diabetes and its complications in the Co-operation Council of the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC) region.DesignSystematic review.SettingCo-operation Council of the Arab States of the Gulf (GCC) states (United Arab Emirates, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar, Kuwait).ParticipantsResidents of the GCC states participating in studies on the prevalence of overweight and obesity, hyperglycaemia, hypertension and dyslipidaemia.Main outcome measuresPrevalences of overweight, obesity and hyperglycaemia, hypertension and hyperlipidaemia.ResultsForty-five studies were included in the review. Reported prevalences of overweight and obesity in adults were 25–50% and 13–50%, respectively. Prevalence appeared higher in women and to hold a non-linear association with age. Current prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance was estimated to be 10–20%. Prevalence appears to have been increasing in recent years. Estimated prevalences of hypertension and dyslipidaemia were few and used varied definitions of abnormality, making review difficult, but these also appeared to be high and increasing,ConclusionsThere are high prevalences of risk factors for diabetes and diabetic complications in the GCC region, indicative that their current management is suboptimal. Enhanced management will be critical if escalation of diabetes-related problems is to be averted as industrialization, urbanization and changing population demographics continue.</jats:sec
Type 2 diabetes care for patients in a tertiary care setting in UAE: a retrospective cohort study.
No full textOBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine the quality of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) care in Al-Ain, in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study from 2008 to 2010. SETTING: A diabetes centre located in a tertiary care hospital in Al-Ain, UAE. PARTICIPANTS: People with T2DM receiving care from the diabetes centre. RESULTS: 382 Emirates patients with T2DM were included in the analysis. Overall in 2010, proportions of people with T2DM reaching the following targets were: glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) 41%, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) 72%, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) 47% and 73%, respectively. There was a significant improvement from 2008 to 2010, respectively, in the mean for the following: (1) HbA1c (8.5% [95% confidence interval, CI: 8.33-8.67] versus 7.5% [95% CI: 7.36-7.63]); (2) LDL (2.60 mmol/L [95% CI: 2.51-2.70] versus 2.27 mmol/L [95% CI: 2.21-2.33]); and (3) SBP (133.1 mmHg [95% CI: 131.7-134.4] versus 131.0 [95% CI: 130.1-131.9]). Glycaemic and lipid control were similar in men and women; however, HbA1c levels in men and women aged 60+ years were significantly lower by (0.7% [P = 0.01] versus 0.8% [P < 0.001], respectively) than for those aged between 18 and 39 years. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that there is encouraging progress in diabetes care in Al-Ain, UAE as reflected by the overall improvement in the mean of HbA1c, LDL and SBP, and the increase in the number of people reaching the target for the same indicators from 2008 to 2010. The results however show that there is scope for additional enhancement of care, especially for better glycaemic control among young patients and better SBP control among men
Summary of included studies.
No full text<p>NR: not reported.</p><p>(*): the publication year was used instead when the study date was not reported.</p
Factors affecting the motivation of healthcare professionals providing care to Emiratis with type 2 diabetes
No full textOBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify facilitators of and barriers to healthcare professionals' motivation in a diabetes centre in the United Arab Emirates (UAE).
DESIGN: A qualitative research approach was employed using semistructured interviews to assess perception of and attitudes regarding healthcare professionals' motivation in providing good quality diabetes care.
SETTING: A diabetes centre located in Abu-Dhabi, UAE.
PARTICIPANTS: Healthcare professionals including specialist physicians, dieticians, podiatrists, health educators and nurses were recruited through purposive sampling.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: After data collection, the audiotaped interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to content analysis.
RESULTS: Nine semistructured interviews were conducted with healthcare professionals of various professional backgrounds. Important facilitators and barriers related to patient, professional, organization and cultural factors were identified. Barriers that related to heavy workload, disjointed care, lack of patient compliance and awareness, and cultural beliefs and attitudes about diabetes were common. Key facilitators included the patient's role in achieving therapeutic outcomes as well as compliance, cooperation and communication.
CONCLUSION: This qualitative study provides some unique insights about factors affecting healthcare professionals' motivation in providing good quality care. To improve the motivation of healthcare professionals in the management of diabetes and therefore the quality of diabetes care, several steps are needed. Importantly, the role of primary care should be reinforced and strengthened regarding the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, privacy of the consultation time should be highly protected and regulated, and awareness of the Emirate culture and its impact on health should be disseminated to the healthcare professionals providing care to Emirates with diabetes. Also, greater emphasis should be placed on educating Emiratis with diabetes on, and involving them in, the management of their condition
Adolescents' perception of substance use and factors influencing its use: a qualitative study in Abu Dhabi
No full textExperiencing the Unprecedented COVID-19 Lockdown: Abu Dhabi Older Adults’ Challenges and Concerns
No full textThis study focused on older adults (60+ years old) of both genders in Abu Dhabi during the COVID-19 pandemic before vaccines were made available (age ranged from 60 years to 75 years). They faced more strict rules of movement restriction and isolation that might have resulted in certain psychological feelings and social reactions. The main objective was to understand Abu Dhabi older adults’ psychological feelings during the pandemic and to identify their main concerns and challenges considering the various COVID-19-related policies and restrictions. The psychological feelings focused on fear, loneliness, sadness, irritability, emotional exhaustion, depressive symptoms, sleeping disorders, overeating, and excessive screen use. The objectives also included the changes in the psychological feelings concerning time. Other objectives covered better understanding the differences in (some activities) compared to the other age categories. Data were gathered through an online survey of community members from February to July 2020 as part of government initiatives (Department of Community Development). Responses were collected from 574 older adults in Abu Dhabi (60.1% male and 39.9% female). The analysis mainly used descriptive analysis, t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and simple trend analysis. For all tests, a p-value less than 0.05 was used for significance. The results pointed to the significant rise in feelings related to excessive screen use, fear, loneliness, and stress. The most significant concerns were related to more restrictions being imposed and not being able to see the grandchildren.The impact of new technologies on their quality of life was significantly reflected by respondents. The influence of the pandemic on older adults’ health and weight was also investigated. Analysis of variance, t-tests, and regression analysis with relevant tests were employed. The relevant results showed that some negative psychological feelings were common among older adults during the pandemic. However, the psychological feelings did not portray significant changes with time, except for sleeping disorders and overeating. Overall, older adults scored significantly different from other age groups on many challenges, concerns, and views regarding new technologies during the pandemic. No significant differences were observed regarding gender and marital status for the challenges and concerns. The research summarizes some policy guidance while noting some limitations of this study and future research directions
