1,720,956 research outputs found
L'artifice dans les lettres et les arts
No full textBien qu'ils soient d'usage courant, les termes artifice et artificiel ont un sens peu précis en général, et dans les lettres et les arts en particulier. C'est à ces notions qui semblent aller de soi mais qui prennent des significations multiples et des formes plurielles que l'axe transversal « littérature et arts » du CELLAM (Centre d'études des langues et littératures anciennes et modernes de l'université Rennes 2) a consacré son premier programme de recherche. Les études, qui couvrent une longue période (de la Grèce antique à nos jours) et concernent divers genres littéraires (récit, théâtre, poésie, essai, portrait, mémoires, roman, critique d'art), de nombreux arts (peinture, opéra, danse, musique, photographie, cinéma) et des domaines variés (rhétorique, esthétique, technologie, tactique militaire, pornographie), abordent l'artifice selon quatre questions. La première est celle des origines : pour expliquer l'artifice à sa naissance, on a imaginé des fables ; mais les fonctions qu'elles remplissent ont été mises en cause, en particulier quand elles traitent du corps à une époque récente. La deuxième concerne la relation dialectique que l'artifice entretient avec la nature : s'instaurant en contre-nature, ce dernier détermine une seconde nature, qui fonde l'Homme dans son environnement. L'usage de l'artifice dans les arts, quels qu'ils soient, pose la question de la spécificité des beaux-arts non seulement en bousculant les classements et les systèmes, mais encore en obligeant à prendre en considération la techné. De ce troisième volet découle le dernier : envisager l'artifice dans les arts et les lettres conduit à déplacer son attention vers ce qui relève en eux de la fabrication. Or il est patent que d'un art à l'autre, ou d'un art aux lettres, les artifices circulent et que leur usage constitue un sujet que la littérature traite depuis longtemps. C'est donc à une meilleure compréhension lexicologique, axiologique et généalogique de la notion d'artifice que ce volume souhaite apporter sa contribution
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
La surprise de la peinture. Remarques sur les premiers salons de Fréron (1753-1761)
No full textDans ses Observations sur la peinture de 1753, Gautier d’Agoty rapporte d’abord la façon dont Fréron apprécie divers écrits sur l’Exposition du Louvre, puis celle dont il juge les œuvres dans son premier Salon. À cette double occasion, Gautier d’Agoty l’accuse de deux défauts. D’abord, il lui reproche de se moquer de certains avis rencontrés dans les brochures sans expliquer pourquoi il les désapprouve : « À la seconde brochure, M. Fréron nous réjouit par ses bons mots, mais il ne nous instru..
Les paradoxes de l’artifice dans les Réflexions critiques (1719 et 1733) de l’abbé Du Bos
No full textBien connu des spécialistes de la période, moins célèbre chez les autres, l’abbé Du Bos (1670-1742) fait partie des écrivains qui, formés au XVIIe siècle, ont composé leur œuvre essentiellement dans la première moitié du XVIIIe siècle. La monographie de Lombard, qui renseigne sur sa vie, reste à ce jour la seule à son sujet. Grâce à ses voyages en Europe en tant que membre du personnel diplomatique, il accède directement aux tableaux des diverses écoles de peinture. Il fréquente de nombreux a..
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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