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Stavovi i iskustva trudnica o uporabi biljnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani
No full textCilj istraživanja: Današnji sveopći trend rasta potrošnje biljnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani,
kao dio samoliječenja, nije zaobišao ni trudnice. Iako prevladava mišljenje da su takvi
pripravci sigurni i neškodljivi, njihova nepravilna primjena bez stručnog nadzora nosi
određeni rizik za majku i dijete. Stoga je cilj ovog rada ispitati stavove trudnica u Hrvatskoj o
uporabi biljnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani te njihova iskustva vezana uz primjenu takvih
pripravaka tijekom trudnoće.
Ispitanici i metode: U ovom je radu pomoću anonimnog upitnika provedeno istraživanje na
uzorku od 110 punoljetnih trudnica. Na početku anketnog upitnika prikupljeni su
sociodemografski podaci o trudnicama. Zatim su prikupljeni podaci o trudnoći, prehrambenim
i životnim navikama tijekom trudnoće te kroničnim bolestima i drugim zdravstvenim
tegobama. Preostalim su pitanjima ispitani stavovi i iskustva trudnica o upotrebi biljnih
lijekova i dodataka prehrani u trudnoći. Istraživanje je provedeno u javnim ljekarnama na
području Hrvatske i jednoj ginekološkoj poliklinici u Zagrebu u razdoblju od rujna 2020. do
veljače 2021. godine.
Rezultati: Gotovo dvije trećine ispitanica (73 %) koristilo je neki biljni lijek ili dodatak
prehrani tijekom trudnoće te se njihova uporaba povećala u odnosu na vrijeme prije trudnoće.
Najviše trudnica uzimalo je vitaminsko-mineralne pripravke (89 %) te fitopreparate (56 %).
Gotovo sve trudnice korištene pripravke kupile su u ljekarni, ali zabrinjava činjenica da je
samo polovica (53 %) dobila stručne informacije vezane uz njihovu primjenu. Svaka četvrta
trudnica koristi biljne lijekove i/ili dodatke prehrani zbog neke zdravstvene tegobe, dok 79 %
njih upotrebljava takve pripravke kako bi ojačale svoje zdravlje. Trudnice su ove pripravke
najčešće uzimale prema preporuci ginekologa (56 %) ili ljekarnika (40 %). Više od 75 %
ispitanica smatra da bi svaka trudnica trebala neovisno o prehrani uzimati folnu kiselinu,
vitamine, minerale i omega 3-masne kiseline. Po pitanju učinkovite i sigurne primjene
fitopreparata kao i kvalitete biljnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani trudnice su pokazale određenu
nesigurnost. Ohrabrujuće je da 76 % trudnica smatra da bi se biljni lijekovi i dodaci prehrani
trebali izdavati isključivo u ljekarnama, ali oko 25 % smatra da ginekolozi i ljekarnici nemaju
dovoljno znanja za kvalitetno savjetovanje o primjeni takvih pripravka u trudnoći. Dvije
trećine ispitanica izrazilo je potrebu za stručnim edukacijama trudnica iz ovog područja.
Zaključak: Utvrđena je visoka stopa korištenja biljnih lijekova i dodataka prehrani u
trudnoći. Upotrebom takvih pripravaka trudnice najčešće žele dodatno obogatiti svoju
uobičajenu prehranu i/ili utjecati na poboljšanje simptoma kod raznih zdravstvenih tegoba
izazvanih promjenama u trudnoći. Kako bi se osigurala učinkovita primjena biljnih lijekova i
dodataka prehrani te prevenirale moguće neželjene posljedice uslijed samoliječenja, potrebna
je uključenost educiranih zdravstvenih djelatnika, posebice liječnika i ljekarnika.Objectives: Today's general trend of growing consumption of herbal drugs and dietary
supplements, as part of self-medication, has not bypassed even pregnant women. Although the
prevailing opinion is that such preparations are safe and harmless, their improper use without
professional supervision carries a certain risk for mother and child. Therefore, the aim of this
research is to examine the attitudes of pregnant women in Croatia regarding the use of herbal
drugs and dietary supplements and their experiences related to the use of such preparations
during pregnancy.
Respondents and Methods: In this work, a survey was conducted using an anonymous
questionnaire on a sample of 110 adult pregnant women. At the beginning of the
questionnaire, sociodemographic data on pregnant women were collected. Data were then
collected on pregnancy, dietary and lifestyle habits during pregnancy, and chronic diseases
and other health problems. The remaining questions examined the attitudes and experiences of
pregnant women regarding the use of herbal drugs and dietary supplements during pregnancy.
The research was conducted in public pharmacies in Croatia and one gynecological polyclinic
in Zagreb in the period from September 2020. to February 2021.
Results: Almost two-thirds of the respondents (73 %) used some herbal drug or dietary
supplement during pregnancy, and their use increased compared to before pregnancy. Most
pregnant women took vitamin-mineral preparations (89 %) and phytopreparations (56 %).
Almost all pregnant women bought the used preparations in a pharmacy, but the fact that only
half (53 %) received professional information related to their use is worrying. Every fourth
pregnant woman uses herbal drugs and/or dietary supplements for some health problem, while
79 % of them use such preparations to strengthen their health. Pregnant women most often
took these preparations as recommended by gynecologists (56 %) or pharmacists (40 %).
More than 75 % of respondents believe that every pregnant woman should take folic acid,
vitamins, minerals and omega 3 fatty acids independently of her diet. Regarding the effective
and safe use of phytomedicines, as well as the quality of herbal drugs and dietary
supplements, pregnant women showed some uncertainty. It is encouraging that 76 % of
pregnant women believe that herbal medicines and nutritional supplements should be
dispensed exclusively in pharmacies, but about 25 % believe that gynecologists and
pharmacists do not have enough knowledge to provide quality advice on the use of such
preparations during pregnancy. Two thirds of the respondents expressed the need for
professional training for pregnant women in this area.
Conclusion: A high rate of use of herbal drugs and dietary supplements during pregnancy
was found. By using such preparations, pregnant women most often want to additionally
enrich their usual diet and/or influence the improvement of symptoms of various health
problems caused by changes during pregnancy. In order to ensure the effective use of herbal
drugs and dietary supplements and to prevent possible unwanted consequences due to selfmedication,
the involvement of educated health professionals, especially doctors and
pharmacists, is necessary
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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