87 research outputs found
La Sindrome di Cushing nel gatto
No full textLa sindrome di Cushing nel gatto è una patolo- gia rara, con poco più di un centinaio di casi de- scritti in letteratura. La condizione di ipercorti- solismo può essere dovuta ad una neoplasia surrenalica o, più comunemente, a un adenoma ipofisario. L’eccesso di glucocorticoidi compor- ta lo sviluppo di insulino-resistenza, pertanto nel gatto l’ipercortisolismo è spesso associato a diabete mellito. Altro aspetto tipico è una grave dermatopatia, caratterizzata da fragilità cutanea e infezioni ricorrenti. Il test con mag- giore accuratezza diagnostica è la soppressione con desametasone, mentre la diagnostica per immagini permette di differenziare l’origine del- la patologia. Recenti studi hanno dimostrato che il trilostano presenta una discreta efficacia nel trattamento dell’ipercortisolismo felino. Al- tre opzioni terapeutiche sono la surrenalecto- mia e, recentemente, l’ipofisectomia; quest’ulti- ma ancora poco praticata ma dai risultati pro- mettenti. La radioterapia è stata valutata ad og- gi in pochi casi, tuttavia rappresenta una buona opzione in termini di sicurezza e remissione della sintomatologia
Medicina Interna del cane e del gatto
No full textSiamo onorati di aver portato a termine la curatela del famosissimo “Nelson-Couto”, un testo importante e prezioso, fondamento della medicina interna del cane e del gatto.
Questa quinta edizione si basa sulla quarta dove già uno di noi aveva operato come curatore a dimostrazione della continuità nella presentazione dei testi anglosassoni a elevato valore scientifico e formativo nel panorama editoriale in lingua italiana. In questa nuova edizione sono stati apportati numerosi aggiornamenti che riguardano primariamente le procedure diagnostiche e terapeutiche di pertinenza internistica.
La traccia e l’impostazione dei vari capitoli sostanzialmente non è cambiata, sono tuttavia migliorate in modo significativo le modalità grafiche che risultano particolarmente accattivanti, rendendo ancor più fruibili e immediate le nuove conoscenze nell’ambito della medicina interna veterinaria.
Il lavoro di curatela dei capitoli dell’opera è stato diviso sulla base delle nostre specifiche competenze. I capitoli riguardanti l’ematologia, l’oncologia, le malattie infettive, le patologie autoimmuni, l’apparato cardiocircolatorio e respiratorio sono stati curati dal professor Lubas mentre il dottor Fracassi si è dedicato all’endocrinologia, all’apparato digerente, urinario, riproduttivo e alle patologie neuromuscolari.
La conoscenza diretta degli autori ci ha consentito un’interazione ottimale sui punti meno chiari derivanti dalla trasposizione in lingua italiana.
Al fine di rendere questa versione italiana massimamente utilizzabile per il clinico, si è deciso di indicare nei vari capitoli quali dei farmaci citati risultino in commercio in Italia, quali siano disponibili per uso veterinario, quali per uso umano e quali invece siano preparabili solo come prodotto galenico.
Vorremmo ringraziare i traduttori per l’ottimo lavoro svolto nel preparare questa quinta edizione e lo staff di Elsevier per l’estrema professionalità e disponibilità. Un grazie particolare alla dr.ssa Laura Zagnoli e alla dr.ssa Irene Speroni per l’aiuto nel lavoro di revisione e di curatela.
Questo testo è consigliato ai colleghi che desiderano avere delle informazioni chiare, lineari e aggiornate sulle patologie e procedure diagnostiche e terapeutiche ed è utile agli studenti o neolaureati che iniziano a confrontarsi con l’affascinante e stimolante mondo della medicina interna
Dermatomyositis-like disease in a Rottweiler
No full textBackground: Canine dermatomyositis is a hereditary disease described in collies and Shetland sheep dogs and their cross-breeds. A similar disease, called dermatomyositis-like disease, has been described occasionally in other breeds but never in the Rottweiler. Hypothesis/Objectives: We report on the clinicopathological findings associated with dermatomyositis-like disease in a Rottweiler. Animal: A 7-month-old female Rottweiler was referred for dermatological abnormalities, regurgitation and weakness. Cutaneous abnormalities included alopecia, crusting and scaling on the inner surface of the pinnae, the tip of the tail, periorbital and perilabial skin. The dog also presented onychogryphosis and onychalgia. Methods: Complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, thoracic radiographs, electromyography, nerve-conduction studies and skin and muscle biopsies were performed. Results: Megaoesophagus, pneumonia, ischaemic dermatopathy and generalized myositis were documented. The final diagnosis was dermatomyositis-like disease. Conclusions and clinical importance: This is the first report of dermatomyositis-like disease in a Rottweiler
Evaluation of the Effects of Undenatured Type II Collagen (UC-II) as Compared to Robenacoxib on the Mobility Impairment Induced by Osteoarthritis in Dogs
No full textOsteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease that requires a multimodal therapeutic approach. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of undenatured type II collagen (UC-II) as compared to robenacoxib in dogs affected by OA. Our hypothesis was that the two compounds would be similar (non-inferiority) in improving mobility. To test this hypothesis, a complete orthopedic examination, x-ray and the Liverpool Osteoarthritis in Dogs (LOAD) survey were performed in dogs affected by OA before and after the treatments. The study was designed as a clinical, randomized, controlled and prospective study. Sixty client-owned dogs were randomized in the R group (n = 30, robenacoxib 1 mg/kg/day for 30 days) and in the UC-II group (n = 30, UC-II 1 tablet/day for 30 days). Thirty days after the beginning of the treatment (T30), the dogs were reassessed for the LOAD, MOBILITY and CLINICAL scores. Based on the data obtained from the study, a significant reduction in LOAD and MOBILITY scores was recorded between T0 and T30 with a similar magnitude among the two groups (R = 31.5%, p < 0.001; UC-II = 32.7%, p = 0.013). The results of this study showed that UC-II and robenacoxib were able to similarly improve mobility of dogs affected by OA
Pulse Pressure Variation Can Predict the Hemodynamic Response to Pneumoperitoneum in Dogs: A Retrospective Study
No full textPneumoperitoneum may induce important hemodynamic alterations in healthy subjects. Pulse pressure variation (PPV) is a hemodynamic parameter able to discriminate preload dependent subjects. Anesthesia records of dogs undergoing laparoscopy were retrospectively evaluated. The anesthetic protocol included acepromazine, methadone, propofol and isoflurane administered with oxygen under mechanical ventilation. The hemodynamic parameters were considered five minutes before (BASE) and ten minutes after (P10) the pneumoperitoneum. Based on the cardiac index (CI) variation, at P10, dogs were classified as sensitive (S group, CI ≤ 15%) and non-sensitive (NO-S group). Data were analyzed with the ANOVA test and the ROC curve (p < 0.05). Fifty-five percent of dogs (S) had a reduction of CI ≥ 15% at P10 (2.97 ± 1.4 L/min/m2) compared to BASE (4.32 ± 1.62 L/min/m2) and at P10 in the NO-S group (4.51 ± 1.41 L/min/m2). PPV at BASE was significantly higher in the S group (22.4% ± 6.1%) compared to the NO-S group (10.9% ± 3.3%). The ROC curve showed a threshold of PPV > 16% to distinguish the S and NO-S groups. PPV may be a valid predictor of the hemodynamic response to pneumoperitoneum in dogs. A PPV > 16% can identify patients that may require fluid administration before the creation of pneumoperitoneum
Plasma Processing of Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine
No full textPlasma processes are largely employed in the biomedical field for different kind of materials. In particular, in tissue engineering, biomaterials need to be totally integrated with biological systems in order to be employed as substitutes of artificial prostheses. Since most materials do not allow a correct integration with the biological environment, plasma processes have been demonstrated to be very versatile in altering the material surface properties in order to improve the biocompatibility of materials. The challenge is to plasma modify 3D scaffolds in order to be used for in vivo regeneration of human tissues. The correct 3D biointegration inside living tissues is the crucial objective, towards which many aspects are directed, from the material engineering to its surface modification and affinity with the biological environment. In this paper, the advances in low pressure plasma processes, applied to both 2D rigid substrates and 3D porous structures, are discussed. Further an in vivo experiment in ovine animals using plasma processed 3D scaffolds is illustrated
Dermatomyositis-like disease in a Rottweiler
No full textBackground – Canine dermatomyositis is a hereditary disease described in collies and Shetland sheep dogs and
their cross-breeds. A similar disease, called dermatomyositis-like disease, has been described occasionally in
other breeds but never in the Rottweiler.
Hypothesis/Objectives – We report on the clinicopathological findings associated with dermatomyositis-like
disease in a Rottweiler.
Animal – A 7-month-old female Rottweiler was referred for dermatological abnormalities, regurgitation and
weakness. Cutaneous abnormalities included alopecia, crusting and scaling on the inner surface of the pinnae,
the tip of the tail, periorbital and perilabial skin. The dog also presented onychogryphosis and onychalgia.
Methods – Complete blood count, serum biochemistry panel, thoracic radiographs, electromyography, nerve-
conduction studies and skin and muscle biopsies were performed.
Results – Megaoesophagus, pneumonia, ischaemic dermatopathy and generalized myositis were documented.
The final diagnosis was dermatomyositis-like disease.
Conclusions and clinical importance – This is the first report of dermatomyositis-like disease in a Rottweiler
First records of pigmentation anomalies in the marsh deer at its southernmost stronghold: a warning message?
No full textPigmentation anomalies (e.g., albinism, leucism) in Neotropical mammals are considered rare. Identifying the spatiotemporal distribution and prevalence of pigmentation anomalies is important to better assess the evolutionary basis of color variation. The southernmost population of the marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) occurs within a relatively small area (< 2700 km2) of the Delta of the Paraná River, being fragmented into three subpopulations with low gene flow among them. Typically, the marsh deer has a brownish red to bright rufous chestnut-colored coat; at least two albino individuals have been reported in other populations of the species, but other anomalous colorations (i.e., leucism) have not been described for this species. Here, we present seven records of leucistic marsh deer from the Delta of the Paraná River, with the coloration of these individuals showing different levels of contrast from typically pigmented conspecifics. The presence of the leucistic phenotype in this population could be the product of its high level of homozygosis, but further studies are needed to confirm this relationship. Since the observed leucistic individuals were adults and apparently of breeding age, the possible maladaptive condition of this phenotype in this population remains to be evaluated.EEA Delta del ParanáFil: Pereira, Javier A. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; ArgentinaFil: Pereira, Javier Adolfo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Wolfenson, Laura I. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia”; ArgentinaFil: Wolfenson, Laura I. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Artero, Diego F. Arauco Argentina S.A; ArgentinaFil: Argerich, Esteban C. Asociación Argentina de Fotógrafos de Naturaleza (AFONA); ArgentinaFil: Varela, Diego. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Instituto de Biología Subtropical; ArgentinaFil: Varela, Diego. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Biología Subtropical; ArgentinaFil: Varela, Diego. Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico; ArgentinaFil: Fracassi, Natalia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Delta del Paraná; Argentin
Role of Tibial Tuberosity Fracture/Fissure through the Maquet Hole in Stifle Osteoarthritis after Porous Tibial Tuberosity Advancement in Dogs at Mid-Term Follow-Up
No full textTibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) is used to treat cranial cruciate ligament rupture of the stifle joint in dogs. Tibial tuberosity fracture/fissure is a complication of TTA that may have a favorable prognosis. The aim of this study was to detect how tibial tuberosity fracture/fissure through the Maquet hole worsens the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) in the stifle joint of dogs treated with porous TTA. Seventeen cases were included in the study, divided into two groups. The first group (n = 10) included subjects that had tibial tuberosity fracture/fissure through the Maquet, and the second group included subjects that had no complications (n = 7). Both groups showed significant progression compared to OA at 3 months after surgery. We observed that at T0, the control group showed a higher level of OA. For this reason, we normalized the OA scores, evaluating the percentage difference from T0 and T1. We verified that there were no statistically significant differences between the two groups. The results confirm that OA progression in subjects undergoing TTA was not significantly influenced by fracture/fissure of the tibial tuberosity through the Maquet hole. Therefore, fracture fissure through the Maquet hole should be considered as a common minor complication during TTA
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