1,720,953 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Antibacterial and Antioxidative Activity and Polyphenolic Profile of Extracts of the Tea Plant (Camellia sinensis) and Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis)
No full textLõputöö
Veterinaarmeditsiini õppekavalViimastel aastakümnetel on kasvanud huvi looduslike bioaktiivsete ühendite kasutamise vastu toiduainetes. Tee ja mate koostises leiduvad polüfenoolid võivad aidata kaasa toiduainete säilivusaja pikendamisele, pärssides mikroorganismide kasvu ja oksüdatiivseid protsesse. Lõputöö eesmärgiks oli määrata hiina teepõõsa (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) ja matepuu (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.) lehtede vesi- ja etanooliekstraktide antioksüdantne ja antibakteriaalne aktiivsus ning polüfenoolide profiil. Samuti oli eesmärgiks võrrelda ekstrakte omavahel, et selgitada välja kõige efektiivsemad ekstraktid edasiseks kasutamiseks järgnevates tootekatsetes. Hiina teepõõsa lehtedest valmistatud matcha, musta ja rohelise tee lehtede pulbritest ning matepuu lehtede pulbrist valmistatud vesi- ja 30% etanooliekstraktides analüüsiti polüfenoolsete ühendite profiile ja polüfenoolide kogusisaldus (ingl total polyphenol content – TPC) määrati HPLC-DAD-MS abil. Summaarne antioksüdantne aktiivsus (ingl total antioxidant capacity – TAC) mõõdeti 2,2-difenüül-1-pikrüülhüdrasüül (ingl 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl – DPPH) ja Folin-Ciocalteu meetodite abil. Puljongi mikrolahjenduse meetodil 96-süvendiga mikroplaatidel vastavalt EVS-EN ISO 20776-1:2020 juhistele, määrati tee ja mate ekstraktide minimaalsed inhibeerivad kontsentratsioonid (MIK) toiduainetööstuses toiduohutuse seisukohalt oluliste bakterite, Listeria monocytogenes’e, Staphylococcus aureus’e, Escherichia coli ja Campylobacter jejuni suhtes. Tee ja mate ekstraktides tuvastati kokku 28 polüfenoolset ühendit, mis kuulusid hüdroksübensoehapete, hüdroksükaneelhapete, flavanoolide, flavonoolide ja teepigmentide hulka. Mate ekstraktides domineerisid hüdroksükaneelhapped, kuid tee ekstraktides olid ülekaalus flavanoolid. Polüfenoolide kogusisaldus oli kõrgeim mate ja rohelise tee etanooliekstraktides. Antioksüdantne aktiivsus oli kõrgeim rohelise tee ja matcha tee etanooliekstraktides. Kõik ekstraktid omasid antibakteriaalset aktiivsust S. aureus’e vastu. Kõige efektiivsemad ekstraktid edasistes tootekatsetes kasutamiseks võiksid olla rohelise ja matcha tee etanooliekstraktid nende paremate antibakteriaalsete ja antioksüdantsete omaduste tõttu võrreldes teiste ekstraktidega. Tulemused näitavad, et tee ekstraktidel on potentsiaal olla looduslikeks alternatiivideks sünteetilistele lisaainetele toiduainetööstuses. Käesolev töö on seotud Eesti Maaülikooli säästvat arengut toetavate valdkondadega: tervislik ja ohutu toit ning maismaa ja vee ressursside jätkusuutlik kasutamine, samuti ÜRO SDG-ga nr 12: vastutustundlik tarbimine ja tootmine.Consumers are increasingly more interested in using plant-based additives in food products instead of synthetic ones. Polyphenols found in tea can help extend the shelf life of food products by inhibiting the microbial growth and oxidative processes. The main objectives of this thesis were to find the antioxidant and antibacterial activity of water and ethanol extracts from the leaves of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) and yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A.St.-Hil.), and to determine their polyphenolic profiles. Additionally, the aim was to compare the extracts of the tea plant and yerba mate to identify the most effective extracts for further use in subsequent product trials. The polyphenolic profile and total polyphenol content (TPC) in water and 30% ethanol extracts of matcha, black, and green tea leaf powders made from the leaves of the tea plant, and mate made from yerba mate were analyzed using HPLC-DAD-MS. The total antioxidant capacity (TAC) was measured using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and Folin-Ciocalteu methods. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the extracts were determined against bacteria that are prominent in the food industry, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Campylobacter jejuni, using the broth microdilution method on 96-well microplates according to the guidelines of EVS-EN ISO 20776-1:2020. A total of 28 polyphenolic compounds including hydroxybenzoic acids, hydroxycinnamic acids, flavanols, flavonols, and tea pigments were identified in tea and mate extracts. Hydroxycinnamic acids dominated in mate extracts, while flavanols predominated in tea extracts. The total polyphenol content was highest in ethanol extracts of mate and green tea. Antioxidant activity was highest in ethanol extracts of green tea and matcha tea. All extracts showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus. The most effective extracts for further testing in food products could be ethanol extracts of green and matcha tea due to their superior antibacterial and antioxidant properties compared to other extracts. The results of this study show that tea extracts have a potential to be used as alternatives to synthetic additives in the food industry. This work is related to the Estonian University of Life Sciences areas supporting sustainable development: healthy and safe food and sustainable use of land and water resources, as well as UN SDG No. 12: responsible consumption and production
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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