1,721,086 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Beyond risk and restraint: promoting positive interpersonal relationships to support adolescent sexual health and wellbeing
Get PDFRelationships across different contexts (family, peers, romantic, and sexual) contribute to adolescent development and an individual’s sexual health and wellbeing. In particular, social connectedness, which highlights the importance of feeling care for and having a sense of belonging, provides further context to these relationships’ significance. The social world in which adolescents reside is continuously evolving, and alongside this, the challenges and opportunities for adolescent sexuality. Earlier research has demonstrated the importance of comprehensive sexuality education in supporting positive adolescent sexual health, however, young people’s perspectives on the content of their education regarding relationships and consent is limited. Additionally, whether school-based programmes can support the development of positive interpersonal relationships to support adolescent sexual and reproductive health, and the degree of young people’s understanding of relationships are areas that require further investigation. Young people’s perspectives and experiences are essential to ensure programmes and interventions aimed at supporting their sexual health and wellbeing reflect their needs. Overarching aim: To describe the perspectives of young people on the importance of interpersonal relationships and social connectedness for their sexual health. The aims of this thesis are: 1. To systematically review the evidence from high-income settings about the impact of school-based interventions to promote connectedness to improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health and wellbeing. 2. To describe student perspectives of a sexuality education programme in South Australian schools between 2006 and 2017, drawing particular attention to changing topics of importance. 3. To describe teacher experiences of sexuality education training provided by South Australia’s major sexual and reproductive health organisation. 4. To explore adolescents’ understanding and conceptualisation of healthy relationships, including peer, family and intimate relationships. 5. To explore adolescents’ understanding of consent and how different contextual factors contribute to navigating and identify consent. Methods 1. A systematic review was conducted capturing school-based interventions and programmes that involved a component of social connectedness to improve adolescent sexual and reproductive health. 2. Student perspectives were captured from an annual survey conducted by SHINE SA. Descriptive statistics and regression analyses were undertaken to investigate student perspectives of a sexuality education programme, including an investigation of student ratings of the programme, and topics considered most useful and important. 3. A qualitative exploration was undertaken to explore teacher perspectives on a sexuality education training course. Changes in teachers’ confidence and competencies were explored through descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon signed rank tests. Content analyses was selected to investigate free-text responses to the usefulness of training sections on sexual health topics. 4. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with diverse young people aged 14-20 years residing in South Australia. The interview guide comprised of the following topics: healthy relationships (Aim 4), consent (Aim 5), and sexuality education (Aim 4 and 5). Inductive thematic analysis was undertaken for both the healthy relationships and consent analyses. The interview guide and consent scenarios referred to for this research is available in Appendix 1 and 2, respectively. a. Positive Youth Development framework informed the analysis on healthy relationships (Aim 4). b. The conceptual framework on reproductive autonomy and sexual script theory informed the analysis on consent (Aim 5). Results 1. The systematic review identified 18 studies that comprised 10 individual programmes. Programmes that were most effective included multiple constructs of social connectedness, social skill building and had sufficient intensity. Improvements were identified for condom use, delayed initiation of sex and reduced pregnancy rates, with differences between ethnicity and gender. 2. The student feedback on a sexuality education programme captured the perspectives of over 20,000 secondary students. There was a positive association between the survey year and providing a ‘good/excellent’ rating for safe and supportive classroom environment. Socio-emotional topics, including consent and gender stereotypes, were increasingly selected over a 5-year period. Contrastingly, there was a decrease in selecting more traditional sexual health topics, such as contraception, during this period. 3. The qualitative exploration of teacher perspectives on their sexuality education training identified gender and power, same-sex attraction, and violence in relationships as areas that teachers’ appreciated guidance on. Ongoing and targeted professional development is needed to support the complex skill set needed to teach sexuality education. 4. Eighteen diverse young people (61% self-identified as female, 50% Caucasian, 41% public school education) participated in semi-structured interviews. Findings demonstrated that young people could articulate which qualities indicated a healthy relationship but this rarely reflected lived experiences, and that peer pressure and social norms are pervasive regarding expectations to date and engage in sex. Participants relied on personal experience to learn about healthy relationships, and had discrepant experiences on relationship content within their sexuality education. 5. The same eighteen young people who participated in the semi-structured interviews provided insights on consent. All participants were able to provide a definition of consent, with those with more relationship or sexual experience providing definitions reflective of the affirmative model of consent; however, there was a gap between theory and practice when discussing real life situations. In real life, the presence of sexual scripts were prevalent and the mutable nature of consent became apparent in young people’s accounts. The depth and content of consent was variable in young people’s sexuality education, young people made several recommendations to improve education including greater engagement in discussions of the reality of consent and moving away from a binary understanding typically taught in school. Conclusion To support adolescent sexuality development, sexuality education should continue to have a broad scope to include socio-emotional topics and continue moving away from traditional approaches focusing on risk. This thesis has demonstrated strong interest from young people on these topics, including relationships and consent, but sexuality education requires further refinement in the depth and content of these topics and the training teachers receive. Young people demonstrated comprehensive understanding of relationships and consent, though within both instances, there was a greater reliance on personal experience and observation for learning over formal education. Implementing skill-based learning, deconstructing social and gender norms, and discussing the realities of relationships and consent within sexuality education are suggested as relevant approaches to supporting young people achieve healthy relationships, and subsequently, positive sexual health.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Adelaide Medical School, 202
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
PREDICTIVE FACTORS OF GROWTH AMONG PRETERM NEWBORNS IN THE NEONATAL PERIOD: A SECONDARY ANALYSIS OF INTER-PRACTICE-21st FROM URBAN PAKISTAN
No full textPurpose: To assess growth patterns and identify predictive factors for postnatal growth failure (PGF) and rapid growth in preterm infants (PTIs) during the neonatal period in Pakistan.Background: Identifying postnatal growth patterns and associated factors during the neonatal period is crucial to improve both short- and long-term outcomes for this at-risk population. Methods: A secondary analysis of PTI growth during the neonatal period utilizing INTERPRACTICE-21st dataset was conducted. Descriptive statistics, and logistic regression were used to identify predictors of growth outcomes. Results: The median gestational age at birth was 32.3 weeks. Static and dynamic PGF were observed in 65% and 83% of PTIs, while static and dynamic rapid growth were found in 7% and 11%, respectively. Higher maternal education was linked to lower odds of static PGF (AOR: 0.81,95% CI: 0.67–0.97). With each one day of delay in oral feeding, the odds of static PGF increased by 1.15 (95% CI: 1.01, 1.31). Preterm infants who were not exclusively breastfed had lower odds of dynamic PGF (AOR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.06, 0.60) and higher odds of dynamic rapid growth PGF (AOR: 8.47, 95% CI: 1.91, 37.60). Conclusions: There is a high burden of PGF along with a small proportion of rapid growth in the neonatal period of PTIs. Maternal education and infant nutrition may influence growth among PTIs. Implications for practice and research: Larger, multicenter prospective cohort studies are needed to understand the influence of maternal and infant factors on PTI growth outcomes. Key Words: anthropometry, breast milk, growth, neonate, nutrition, preterm infants2027-01-1
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