1,720,954 research outputs found
Siobhan Moroney, Chicagoland Dream Houses: How a Mid-century Architecture Competition Reimagined the American Home
No full textNo lawn to mow: Co -ops, condominiums, and the revolution in collective homeownership in metropolitan America, 1881–1973
No full textThis dissertation is a history of collectively owned multifamily housing in America. It explores a century of homebuilders', architects', lenders', and policymakers' experiments with cooperative, condominium, and own-your-own apartments, garden apartments, and attached houses as a solution to a variety of housing problems. It focuses on the metropolitan areas where this kind of housing was initially most common—New York, Chicago, and Washington, D.C. before World War II and greater New York, Southern California and Southeast Florida after—from first introduction of the co-op in the late 1870s through the early l970s, when the physical typologies and ownership arrangements that prevail today became popular. Most urban, social, and architectural historians focus on building and community typology—the detached suburban house and the modern high-rise—rather than questions of buildings' social and economic functions in narratives of American urban change. As a result, they have overlooked phenomena like the condominium, which is a shape-shifting container rather than a physical form. While initially an experimental type of housing for the rich and avant-garde in Manhattan, by the 1960s collective homeownership had become popular in every U.S. city. Today, more than one in eight U.S. homeowners purchases a co-op, condo, or suburban-style townhouse rather than a house. Their ubiquity demands reconsideration of conventional explanations for urban form in the U.S., which typically posit that culture, business interests, and government have privileged the production of suburban detached houses at the expense of other kinds of dwelling. The history of collective homeownership in America unfolds in three periods: chapter one explores its first introduction from 1881 to 1915, chapter two considers its popularization in several cities from 1920 to 1929, and chapters three, four, and five examine its rise to national prominence from 1946 to 1973 through the examples of New York, Southern California, and Southeast Florida. Throughout these years, co-ops, own-your-owns, condominiums, and suburban-style townhouses appealed to homeowners because they collectivize home and yard maintenance, allow broader ownership of popular locations than detached houses, meet the design needs of a greater variety of families and individuals than detached houses, and offer unique combinations of privacy and community
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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