1,721,054 research outputs found
Smallholder Tree Growing for Rural Development and Environmental Services. Lessons from Asia
No full textThis paper proposes a way to classify PES projects based on how environmental service payments are justified and determined. Using the IPCC1 approach as a model, we recommend the use of the tier system to classify PES projects. The three tiers are summarized below: • Tier 1: Payments based on established ecological principles and local knowledge • Tier 2: In addition to the above, payments based on simulation modeling and limited site information • Tier 3: In addition to above, payments based on site-specific quantitative measurements of environmental services We illustrate this with case studies from existing PES projects in the Philippines. We then presented a decision tree to determine how the tier system can be used
Determination of suitable nurse crops and their appropriate time of removal from almaciga seedlings.
No full textTropical Forests and Climate Change Mitigation: The Global Potential and Cases from the Philippines
Full text linkThe Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change IPCC Fourth Assessment report has highlighted the role of tropical forests in mitigating climate change. Deforestation, especially in tropical countries, contributes about 20 percent to total global greenhouse gas emissions. Development projects geared to reduce the rate of deforestation and forest degradation, and to establish forest plantations will help
reduce greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, and significantly contribute to mitigating climate change. Three cases of forestry carbon projects underway in the Philippines are presented to illustrate the constraints facing project developers in undertaking these climate change mitigation efforts. Among the key lessons identified are: the difficulty in establishing land eligibility, the need for partners or buyers from
industrialized countries to shoulder the transaction costs, and the crucial role of the local communities, including indigenous peoples, in the development effort
Philippine Forrest and the Kyoto Protocol: Opportunities and Threats
No full textThe paper examines the implications of the Kyoto Protocol, specifically the clean Development Mechanism (CDM), to Philippine tropical forest. The paper briefly summarizes the impacts of climate change to Philippine forests and their role in mitigating climate change. It analyzes the key issues in the landuse change and forestry (LUCF) sector relative to the CDM from the perspective of Philippine forestry. This is followed by a discussion of opportunities and threats arising out of the CDM. It is shown that there are many potential benefits that could come throuh CDM. However, without adequate guidelines, these benefits could be negated. The paper concludes with policy recommendations
Philippine forest and the Kyoto Protocol: opportunities and threats
No full textThe paper examines the implications of the Kyoto Protocol, specifically the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), to Philippine tropical forests. The paper briefly summarizes the impacts of climate change to Philippine forests and their role in mitigating climate change. It analyzes the key issues in the landuse change and forestry (LUCF) sector relative to the CDM from the perspective of Philippine forestry. This is followed by a discussion of opportunities and threats arising out of the CDM. It is shown that there are many potential benefits that could come through CDM. However, without adequate guidelines, these benefits could be negated. The paper concludes with policy recommendations
Issues on climate change and biodiversity in Southeast Asia
No full textClimate change is no longer a prediction or a speculation. It is already taking place in many places around the world including Southeast Asia. Long-term data on temperature and sea levels in an archipelagic country like the Philippines, and a partly continental country like Thailand and Vietnam, as reported in the chapters on country perspectives, indicate an increasing trend over the years
Adapting to Extreme Events in Southeast Asia through Sustainable Land Management Systems
No full textPapers not yet published
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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