1,721,750 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Attitudes of responsibility for musculoskeletal disorders
No full textABSTRACT
Musculoskeletal disorders are common in the population and almost everyone will experience musculoskeletal discomfort at some point in life. Besides causing pain and disability, musculoskeletal disorders also involve economic burdens on individuals, health systems, and social care systems. But what are the attitudes and expectations concerning the management of these disorders? Who do people consider responsible for the prevention, treatment, and management of musculoskeletal disorders?
The aim of this thesis was to explore attitudes of responsibility towards musculoskeletal disorders; to whom or what a general population placed responsibility for the management of musculoskeletal disorders and whether attitudes could be related to background factors or to the outcome of patients’ physiotherapy treatment. A further aim was to investigate and describe how patients reasoned about the responsibility for musculoskeletal disorders. The central aim was investigated in four separate studies.
The Attitudes regarding Responsibility for Musculoskeletal disorders instrument (ARM), was developed and psychometric proprieties evaluated to establish validity and reliability of the instrument. The final selection of 15 items suggested acceptable reliability, satisfactory stability and support for face validity, content validity and construct validity. In cross-sectional, postal questionnaire surveys, the ARM instrument was used to investigate general attitudes to responsibility for the management of musculoskeletal disorders (n=1082), associations between attitudes and background variables (n=683-693 out of the 1082) and whether patients’ attitudes towards responsibility for musculoskeletal disorders were related to the patients’ self-reported outcome of physiotherapy treatment (n=278). Furthermore, 20 interviews with patients regarding their thoughts and reasoning in regard to responsibility for musculoskeletal disorders were analysed using qualitative content analysis.
This thesis shows that a majority of the respondents displayed attitudes of taking personal responsibility for musculoskeletal disorders and sharing responsibility with medical professionals, and did not place responsibility for the management out of their own hands or on employers to any great extent. The main associations found between attitude towards responsibility for musculoskeletal disorders and investigated background variables were that physical inactivity, musculoskeletal disorder related sick leave, and no education beyond compulsory level, increased attributing responsibility on someone or something else. Patients who attributed personal responsibility were more likely to report a better outcome of physiotherapy treatment. The interviews revealed six interrelated categories: Taking on responsibility, Ambiguity about responsibility, Collaborating responsibility, Complying with recommendations, Disclaiming responsibility and Responsibility irrelevant with the central theme identified as; own responsibility needs to be met.
In conclusion, own responsibility for the management of musculoskeletal disorders should not be underestimated. The responsibility should be shared with the medical professionals but also identified and met by society, employers and family. Background factors can be of importance for accepted attitudes. The common belief is that society having knowledge should take responsibility for prevention and that health care should provide fast accessibility, diagnosis, prognosis, and support for recovery. For long-term management, the individuals questioned felt that they were personally responsible to make the most of their situation despite their disorders. It might be worthwhile deciding whether to match treatment to attitude or attempt to influence a patient’s attitude towards personal responsibility, as those who took a more internal attitude appeared to get better results from physiotherapy treatment. Each individual’s attitude of responsibility for musculoskeletal disorders should be taken into account when planning prevention, treatment and management of these disorders on an individual and group level
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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