1,721,000 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Ecosystem impacts of the invasive rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) over time
Full text linkInvasive species have effects across levels of the ecological hierarchy, from genes to ecosystems, with negative consequences for biodiversity and global economies. These impacts likely vary over time and with invasion stage, though long-term studies on the effects of invasive species are rare. In my thesis, I use a unique long-term dataset (1975-2020) on the invasive rusty crayfish (Faxonius rusticus) in northern Wisconsin lakes to investigate the impacts of this invader over time. Since it was initially introduced in the 1960s, F. rusticus has reached hyper-abundance relative to native crayfishes and caused declines in fishes, macrophytes, and macroinvertebrates such as aquatic gastropods (snails).
The red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is another invasive crayfish that has caused declines of macrophytes, leading to decreases in water clarity in shallow lakes and wetlands in Asia and Europe. In my first study, I used remote-sensed estimates of Secchi disc depth and chlorophyll-a concentration to investigate if F. rusticus similarly decreases water clarity in north temperate lakes. Contrary to what I expected, I found a weak, positive relationship between F. rusticus and water clarity. If the positive association I document between F. rusticus and water clarity is real, F. rusticus may either be a positive driver of water clarity through a trophic cascade or may respond to changes in water clarity as benthic resources are either increased or decreased.
In my second chapter, I used a long-term dataset (1987, 2002, 2011, and 2020) of crayfish, macrophytes, and snails in ten F. rusticus-invaded and control lakes to demonstrate that lake communities (macrophyte and snail abundance and richness) have started to recover after natural population declines of this invader. The recovery of lake communities that we document indicates that some effects of invasive species may be transient or time-dependent, but we still recommend managing and preventing the spread of invaders due to their severe impacts at the peak of invasion. I also report a delayed recovery of snails relative to macrophytes, suggesting that the recovery of some species after invader declines may lag behind the habitat on which they depend. Overall, my thesis provides a unique, long-term perspective on the impacts of F. rusticus, while demonstrating that lake ecosystems may be resilient over many decades to the effects of this major freshwater invasive species.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2023-08-01The student, Daniel Szydlowski, accepted the attached license on 2021-06-18 at 10:51.The student, Daniel Szydlowski, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2021-06-18 at 11:18.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2021-06-23 at 10:51.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #16697 on 2022-01-12 at 12:52:20Made available in DSpace on 2022-01-12T22:34:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
SZYDLOWSKI-THESIS-2021.pdf: 1459455 bytes, checksum: 20cb8a2035b2bc2972e5b11b39feae2b (MD5)
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Previous issue date: 2021-06-23Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 121051
Lift date: 2024-01-12T22:35:30Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemAuthor requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Onl
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Applying new aquatic habitat data to manage invasive and imperiled crayfishes in North America
Full text linkNorth America is home to the majority of the world’s crayfish diversity, but many of these crayfishes are considered invasive, and an even greater number are highly imperiled and at risk for extinction. In addition, new GIS data layers developed specifically for freshwater have recently been developed in order to better characterize freshwater habitat in modeling applications. My research applies these new freshwater GIS data layers to species distribution modeling (SDM) with implications for management of both imperiled and invasive freshwater crayfishes. In Chapter 2, I developed SDMs to anticipate the potential future range extent of the emerging invasive crayfish Procambarus clarkii in the Laurentian Great Lakes. I created an SDM of all suitable crayfish habitat across the Great Lakes, then constrained this habitat to areas anticipated to be suitable for P. clarkii based on known physiological limitations of this species. These predictions of where P. clarkii is likely to establish populations can be used to identify areas where education, outreach, compliance, and law enforcement efforts should seek to prevent new introductions of this crayfish and help prioritize locations for surveillance aimed at detecting newly established populations. In Chapter 3, I developed SDMs using global freshwater GIS layers and historical occurrence records to characterize the distributions and habitat associations for Pacifastacus connectens and Pacifastacus gambelii, two data-deficient crayfish species native to the western United States. I then compared these SDM predictions to results of contemporary field sampling and found that these crayfishes have seemingly experienced substantial range declines, attributable to apparent displacement by invasive crayfishes and impairment or change to stream communities and habitat. I recommend increased conservation and management attention to P. connectens and P. gambelii in response to these findings. Together, these two studies will be among the first to apply new freshwater-specific habitat data to modeling the distributions of imperiled and invasive species and may be useful in providing management guidance in both freshwater systems.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2020-08-01The student, Rachel Egly, accepted the attached license on 2018-05-16 at 12:58.The student, Rachel Egly, submitted this Thesis for approval on 2018-05-16 at 13:38.This Thesis was approved for publication on 2018-05-17 at 09:41.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #12564 on 2018-09-27 at 11:15:33Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-27T16:28:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2018-05-17Embargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107734
Lift date: 2020-09-27T16:28:07Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107734
Lift date: 2020-09-27T16:30:34Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107734
Lift date: 2020-09-27T16:31:43Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemEmbargo set by: Seth Robbins for item 107734
Lift date: 2020-09-27T16:34:29Z
Reason: Author requested U of Illinois access only (OA after 2yrs) in Vireo ETD systemU of I Only Restriction Lifted for Item 107734 on 2020-09-28T09:15:24Z
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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