157,277 research outputs found
The Effects of Possible Contamination on the Radiocarbon Dating of the Dead Sea Scrolls II: Empirical Methods to Remove Castor Oil and Suggestions for Redating
Get PDFWhile kept at the Rockefeller Museum in East Jerusalem, many Dead Sea Scroll fragments were exposed to castor oil by the original team of editors in the course of cleaning the parchments. Castor oil must be regarded as a serious contaminant in relation to radiocarbon dating. If modern castor oil is present and is not removed prior to dating, the 14C dates will be skewed artificially towards modern values. Earlier, it was shown that the standard AAA pretreatment procedure used in the 2 previous studies dating Dead Sea Scroll samples is not capable of removing castor oil from parchment samples. In the present work, we show that it is unlikely that castor oil reacts with the amino acids of the parchment proteins, a finding which leaves open the possibility of devising a cleaning method that can effectively remove castor oil. We then present 3 different pretreatment protocols designed to effectively remove castor oil from parchment samples. These involve 3 different cleaning techniques: extraction with supercritical CO2, ultrasound cleaning, and Soxhlet extraction—each with their own advantages and disadvantages. Our data show that the protocol involving Soxhlet extraction is the best suited for the purpose of decontaminating the Dead Sea Scrolls, and we recommend that this protocol be used in further attempts to 14C date the Dead Sea Scrolls. If such an attempt is decided on by the proper authorities, we propose a list of Scroll texts, which we suggest be redated in order to validate the 14C dates done earlier.
Traditional pandal agriculture of cucurbit vegetables utilises a relay intercropping approach with perennial Castor (Ricinus communis L.) to conserve resources
Get PDFA field experiment was conducted at the Tapioca and Castor Research Station, Yethapur, Tamil Nadu during the Kharif seasons of 2020-21, 2021-22 and 2022-23 to determine whether perennial castor (Ricinus communis L.) traditional pandal cultivation is suitable for cucurbit vegetable relay intercropping systems. The results indicated that perennial castor + cucumber relay intercropping system produced the highest castor equivalent yield (1701 kg/ha), followed by the perennial castor + ridge gourd (1596 kg/ha). Perennial castor + cucumber relay intercropping system had the highest system productivity (4.66 kg/ha/day), system profitability (338.8 Rs/ha/day), and relative economic efficiency (198.5%) of all the cucurbits. Perennial castor and bitter gourd relay intercropping had the best moisture-use efficiency (6.58 kg/ha/mm), while perennial castor and bottle gourd relay intercropping came in second (6.35 kg/ha/mm). Relay intercropping of perennial castor and cucumber system registered higher net returns (Rs. 1,23,662 ha), followed by perennial castor and ridge gourd (Rs. 1,20,515 ha). The average seed output of perennial sole castor was 1312 kg/ha, which was higher than the other cropping systems, despite the fact that the monetary returns were only Rs 41,801 ha. The relay intercropping of perennial castor + ridge gourd (3.29) and perennial castor + bitter gourd (3.29), followed by perennial castor + cucumber (3.27), had the highest benefit-cost ratio
Idearium español,
No full textPrefazione e annotazioni critiche al saggio di filosofia della storia "Idearium Español" di Ángel Ganivet. Il volume forma parte delle "Obras Completas" dirette da F. García de Lara per il primo centenario della morte dell'autore
Sur la biologie du Castor du Rhône (Castor fiber L.)
No full textLe Castor du Rhône ( Castor fiber L.) a été particulièrement bien étudié par de nombreux auteurs. VICTOR PIRAUD ¹) a donné d’intéressants renseignements sur ses moeurs; M. P. CORDIER ²) et A. HUGUES ³) ont fait aussi une étude appronfondie de cet animal et L. GERMAND 4) a fourni une description détaillée des colonies de Castors de la région Avignonaise.
Autrefois très abondant en France où il habitait la plupart des rivières, le Castor n’existe plus actuellement que sur le Rhône, certains de ses affluents et en Camargue. Grâce aux mesures énergiques de protection dont il est l’objet depuis un certain nombre d’années, il s’est multiplié et actuellement le nombre de ces colonies ne fait que s’accroître. Les stations les plus réputées sont les suivantes
Bio-detoxification of ricin in castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) seeds.
Get PDFAbstractRicin is a highly toxic ribosome-inactivating lectin occurring in the seeds of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). Castor bean grows throughout tropical and sub-tropical regions and is a very important crop due to its high seed content of ricinoleic acid, an unusual fatty acid, which has several industrial applications. However, due to the presence of the toxin, castor bean can cause death after the exposure of animals to low doses of ricin through skin contact, injection, inhalation or oral routes. Aiming to generate a detoxified genotype, we explored the RNAi concept in order to silence the ricin coding genes in the endosperm of castor bean seeds. Results indicated that ricin genes were effectively silenced in genetically modified (GM) plants, and ricin proteins were not detected by ELISA. Hemagglutination activity was not observed with proteins isolated from GM seeds. In addition, we demonstrated that seed proteins from GM plants were not toxic to rat intestine epithelial cells or to Swiss Webster mice. After oil extraction, bio-detoxified castor bean cake, which is very rich in valuable proteins, can be used for animal feeding. Gene silencing would make castor bean cultivation safer for farmers, industrial workers and society.</jats:p
Photothermal zoning of castor (Ricinus communis L.) growing season in the semi-arid Mediterranean area
No full textCastor (Ricinus communis L.) is an oilseed crop holding great promise for semi-arid environments. In regions where minimum temperature during winter is high enough to allow plants to survive, it would be worth to explore the adaptability of the species by performing autumn sowings, thus enabling rainfed cropping systems. A two-year field experiment under different sowing times (from November to June) was conducted in Southern Italy using castor Hy. Hazera. Autumnal sowings extended the plant vegetative period; nevertheless, flowering was simultaneous with all sowing dates. Only with the latest spring sowing (that of June) both floral induction and seed ripening were postponed. Seed yield with January and February sowings was the highest (3.92 Mg/ha on average). Using the wide variability of temperature and photoperiod conditions of the different growing periods, thermal and photothermal sums to predict the length of the main phenological intervals were calculated using different models. Overall, the best predicting model was that using sums of thermal units from minimum temperatures > 8 °C and maximum temperatures of 30 °C minus the degrees exceeding 30 °C, multiplied by photoperiod. The model allowed to develop zonation maps predicting the latest sowing date and the earliest seed ripening date in Sicily for autumn-spring and spring-summer growing season. The zonation procedure indicates that castor can be sown in autumn in coastal areas, while spring sowings are more suited to colder inland and hilly areas of Sicily. The work might find practical application to individuate suitable Mediterranean areas to grow castor in winter sowings
Analysis of the Genes from Gibberellin, Jasmonate, and Auxin Signaling Under Drought Stress: A Genome-Wide Approach in Castor Bean (Ricinus communis L.)
No full textCastor bean (Ricinus communis L.) can tolerate long periods of dehydration, allowing the investigation of gene circuits involved in drought tolerance. Genes from gibberellins, jasmonates, and auxin signaling are important for crosstalk in the developmental and environmental adaptation process to drought conditions. However, the genes related to these signals, as well as their transcription profiles under drought, remain poorly characterized in the castor bean. In the present work, genes from gibberellins, jasmonates, and auxin signaling were identified and molecularly characterized. These analyses allowed us to identify genes encoding receptors, inhibitory proteins, and transcription factors from each signaling pathway in the castor bean genome. Chromosomal distribution, gene structure, evolutionary relationships, and conserved motif analyses were performed. Expression analysis through RNA-seq and RT-qPCR revealed that gibberellins, jasmonates, and auxin signaling were modulated at multiple levels under drought, with notable changes in specific genes. The gibberellin receptor RcGID1c was downregulated in response to drought, and RcDELLA3 was strongly repressed, whereas its homologues were not, reinforcing the suggestion of a nuanced regulation of gibberellin signaling during drought. Considering jasmonate signaling, the downregulation of the transcription factor RcMYC2 aligned with the drought tolerance observed in mutants lacking this gene. Altogether, these analyses have provided insights into hormone signaling in the castor bean, unveiling transcriptional responses that enhance our understanding of high drought tolerance in this plant. This knowledge opens avenues for identifying potential candidate genes suitable for genetic manipulation in biotechnological approaches
L' utilisation de l'habitat par le castor (castor canadensis) au Parc national du Canada Kouchibouguac
No full textLe castor (Castor canadensis) est une espèce clé dans les écosystèmes car il modifie son environnement et crée de nouveaux habitats comportant une biodiversité importante. Des suivis périodiques ont démontré que la création du Parc national du Canada Kouchibouguac en 1969, sur la côte est du Nouveau-Brunswick, a influencé la dynamique de population du castor. Les objectifs de cette étude (deux parties distinctes) étaient de dénombrer les colonies, caractériser la végétation autour des colonies, déterminer l'impact des activités humaines sur les colonies de castors et de déterminer les variations saisonnières des budgets d'activité (cinq catégories de comportements) des castors dans deux habitats de différente qualité. Un recensement des colonies de castors a été effectué pendant l'été 2002 et des observations comportementales ont été faites pendant l'été 2001. L'étude de photos aériennes a permis d'établir l'évolution de la végétation et de l'habitat des castors le long de 2 rivières du parc entre 1954 et 1991.statement of responsibility: Lisa Léger.thesis: Thèse (M.E.E.) -- Université de Moncton, Faculté des études supérieures et de la recherche, 2004.bibliography: Bibliogr.: f. 54-57.additional physical form: Également disponible sur microfiches et en version électronique. Les pages contenants des informations personnelles ne sont pas reproduites
LARA, Rafael
No full textCorrespondence of Mr. Rafael Lara, Paymaster General, and Mr. Fernando Torreblanca, related to some letters about the management of funds in the last military campaign sent by Fernando Torreblanca to Rafael Lara, which later were asked to be returned by Mr. Torreblanca. File L-10 / Correspondencia entre el Sr. Rafael Lara, pagador general y el Sr. Fernando Torreblanca, relativa a unas cartas que sobre manejo de fondos de la última campaña militar envía Fernando Torreblanca a Rafael Lara y que luego pide y le son devueltas. Exp. L-1
Reply to Israel Carmi (2002): “Are the 14C Dates of the Dead Sea Scrolls Affected by Castor Oil Contamination?”
Get PDFThe Radiocarbon archives are made available by Radiocarbon and the University of Arizona Libraries. Contact [email protected] for further information.Migrated from OJS platform February 202
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