1,720,980 research outputs found
Guest Editorial Assistive Computing Technologies for Human Well-Being
No full textWell-being is a complex concept, that can be affected by long-term or temporary disabilities, as well as the natural process of aging. Nowadays, while meaningful computing methodologies have reached maturity, and a full awareness of the problem dimension has been reached, we are facing the objective of designing ad hoc technologies with the real potential of improving the quality of life of fragile individuals. Technology may contribute in different directions: by providing health-care providers with well-being assessment tools, by designing computer-assisted monitoring and rehabilitation methods that help maintaining independence, or by proposing assistive aids to compensate disabilities. The aim of this special issue is to promote a dialogue between healthcare and technology researchers in order to conceive effective solutions that tackle real needs of fragile people thus improving their well-being
Positive technology for elderly well-being: A review
No full textIn the last decades, given the necessity of assisting fragile citizens, of which elderly represent a signifi-cant portion, a considerable research effort has been devoted to the use of information and communica-tion technologies (ICT) in daily living to promote activity, social connections, and independence. Withsimilar purposes, in recent years psychologists proposed the novel paradigm ofPositive Psychology(PP), the scientific study of positive human functioning and flourishing on multiple levels. The jointeffort between ICT and PP has led to the definition of the emerging field ofPositive Technology(PT),with the aim of developing technology consciously designed to foster well-being in individuals andgroups. In this paper we review PT focusing on frameworks involving computer vision and machinelearning for promoting cognitive, physical, emotional and social elderly well-being. Our discussionhighlights a significant gap between theoretical needs and technological systems availability, suggest-ing future lines of research
On Gaze Deployment to Audio-Visual Cues of Social Interactions
Full text linkAttention supports our urge to forage on social cues. Under certain circumstances, we spend the majority of time scrutinising people, markedly their eyes and faces, and spotting persons that are talking. To account for such behaviour, this article develops a computational model for the deployment of gaze within a multimodal landscape, namely a conversational scene. Gaze dynamics is derived in a principled way by reformulating attention deployment as a stochastic foraging problem. Model simulation experiments on a publicly available dataset of eye-tracked subjects are presented. Results show that the simulated scan paths exhibit similar trends of eye movements of human observers watching and listening to conversational clips in a free-viewing conditio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Stairway to Elders: Bridging Space, Time and Emotions in Their Social Environment forWellbeing
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Stairway to elders: Bridging space, time and emotions in their social environment for wellbeing
No full textThe physical and mental health in elderly population is an emergent issue which in recent years has become an urgent socio-economic phenomenon. Computer scientists, together with physicians and caregivers have devoted a great research effort to conceive and devise assistive technologies, aiming at safeguarding elder health, while a marginal consideration has been devoted to their emotional domain. In this manuscript we outline the research plan and the objectives of a current project called Stairway to elders: bridging space, time and emotions in their social environment for wellbeing”. Through a set of sensors, which include cameras and physiological sensors, we aim at developing computational methods for understanding the affective state and socialization attitude of older people in ecological conditions. A valuable by-product of the project will be the collection of a multi-modal dataset to be used for model design, and that will be made available to the research community. The outcomes of the project should support the design of an environment which automatically (or semi-automatically) adapts its conditions to the affective state of older people, with a consequent improvement of their life quality
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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