1,355,561 research outputs found
Magnetic resonance imaging and the development of vascular targeted treatments for cancer.
No full textThe main subject of the work presented in this thesis is the further development of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as a non-invasive method of investigating tumour microcirculation. Two different MR techniques were used: dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI and Blood Oxygen Level Dependent (BOLD)-MRI. Intravital microscopy was used to help interpret BOLD-MRI results. The ultimate aims were to determine whether MRI methods could be relied upon to define a drug as having vascular disrupting activity and to develop techniques to predict the effectiveness of vascular disruptive agents (VDA). In DCE-MRI, tissue enhancement is continuously monitored over several minutes after intravenous injection of contrast medium. Modelling of contrast agent kinetics generates quantitative parameters related to tissue blood flow rate and permeability, e.g. Ktrans (transfer constant). In a clinical study, patients had DCE-MRI examinations before and 24 hours after cytotoxic chemotherapy to establish whether any acute ami-vascular effects could be detected. No acute reductions in Ktrans were seen. In this project, the acute effects of the VDA, combretastatin A-4-phosphate, were investigated using DCE-MRI in SW1222 tumours in mice. Responses were seen both at a clinically relevant dose and at higher doses, and a dose-response relationship established. BOLD-MRI can detect changes in oxygenation and blood flow within tumours using deoxygenated haemoglobin as an intrinsic contrast agent. Tumours contain a variable proportion of immature vessels, which may explain differential sensitivity to VDAs. In this project, BOLD-MRI was used to assess tumour vessel maturity using consequent vasoreactivity to angiotensin II and carbon dioxide (as air-5%C02 or as carbogen) in an animal model. Intravital microscopy was used to directly observe response to these agents in mouse window chambers. Results suggest that response to vasoactive agents is useful for assessing vascular maturity in tumours but that more sensitive non-invasive imaging methods than BOLD-MRI are required for clinical use
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A study of marketing possibilities at Lankester.
No full textLankester Botanical Garden provides visitors with extensive knowledge on the ecology of Costa Rica. However, the Garden has experienced difficulty attracting tourists. This project team gathered information on eighteen tour companies in the San Jose area that offer trips to Lankester. To determine trends among tourists to Costa Rica, we conducted a marketing research survey of 301 tourists in San Jose. We also identified universities in the United States that we believe would be interested in working with the Garden. Using the data obtained in this project, we created a series of nineteen recommendations that will allow Lankester to effectively market itself to the tourist population of Costa Rica
Charles H. Lankester y el desarrollo histórico del Jardín Botánico Lankester: Línea de tiempo y bibliografía anotada
No full textSe presenta una línea de tiempo con los principales eventos en la vida de Charles Herbert Lankester
(1879−1969), resaltando su trabajo como naturalista y su interés científico y hortícola por las orquídeas y otras plantas, así como la transformación de su propiedad “El Silvestre” en el Jardín Botánico Lankester de la Universidad de Costa Rica (inaugurado en 1973) y su desarrollo a través de los últimos 50 años. Se enfatizan las interacciones entre Charles Lankester y el Jardín Botánico Lankester con diversas personas y organizaciones. Se brindan datos sobre la visita de Lankester a la Isla del Coco en 1932–1933, la cual no se había mencionado hasta ahora en la literatura botánica. También se presentan algunos datos sobre las primeras exhibiciones de orquídeas y otras plantas en Costa Rica (incluyendo la primera exhibición de orquídeas realizada en el país en 1944) y del proceso de selección de la flor nacional de Costa Rica. Se brinda también una bibliografía anotada, organizada cronológicamente, con más de 280 publicaciones relacionadas con Charles Lankester (incluyendo 47 publicadas por él, algunas de ellas en periódicos y revistas costarricenses), con el Jardín Botánico Lankester y con personas que tuvieron una influencia importante en su desarrollo histórico.A timeline is presented with the main events in the life of Charles Herbert Lankester (1879−1969), underscoring his work as a naturalist and his scientific and horticultural interest in orchids and other plants, as well as the transformation of his property “El Silvestre” in the Lankester Botanical Garden of the University of Costa Rica (inaugurated in 1973) and its development through the last 50 years. The interactions between Charles Lankester and the Lankester Botanical Garden with many people and organizations are emphasized. Data on Lankester´s visit to Cocos Island in 1932–1933, which had not been mentioned in the botanical literature, are given. Some data are also presented on the first exhibitions of orchids and other plants in Costa Rica (including the very first orchid exhibition in the country in 1944) and on the selection process of Costa Rica’s national flower. An annotated bibliography is also given, chronologically organized, with more than 280 publications related to Charles Lankester (including 47 published by himself, some of them in Costa Rican newspapers and journals), to the Lankester Botanical Garden, and to people who had an important influence on its historical development.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Jardín Botánico Lankester (JBL)UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Básicas::Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Ecología Tropical (CIBET)UCR::Vicerrectoría de Docencia::Ciencias Básicas::Facultad de Ciencias::Escuela de Biologí
Charles H. Lankester (1879-1969): his life and legacy
No full textCharles Herbert Lankester (1879-1969) was without a doubt the most dominant figure of Central American orchidology during his time. Better known as ‘Don Carlos’, Lankester was born in Southampton, England, on June 14 1879. It was in London that he read an announcement offering a position to work as an assistant to the recently founded Sarapiquí Coffee Estates Company in Costa Rica, he applied and was hired. Surely influenced by his uncle’s zoological background, Lankester was at first interested in birds and butterflies. However, living in Cachí, at that time one of the regions with the greatest botanical diversity, he must have fallen under the spell of the plant world as he soon began collecting orchids in the nearby woods. Many of the plants he collected at this time proved to be new species. With no literature at his hand to determine the plants he collected, Lankester started corresponding with the assistant director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, Arthur Hill in 1910, and somewhat later with Robert Allen Rolfe, Kew’s most eminent authority on orchids. At the same time, Lankester began his collection of living plants that would become so famous years later. He returned to England in 1920 to enroll his five children in English schools. Lankester traveled to Africa from 1920 to 1922, hired by the British Government to do research on coffee plantations in Uganda. When returning to England, he found that Rolfe had died the year before. Many orchids that he had brought to Kew were left without identification. Lankester was back in Costa Rica in 1922, the year that was a turning point in his career as an orchidologist: it brought the first correspondence with Oakes Ames. Over the next fifteen years, Ames would discover more than 100 new species among the specimens he received from Costa Rica. In 1922, Ames began a series of publications on orchids, which he named Schedulae Orchidianae. In its third fascicle, in January 1923, Ames started to describe many of the Lankester orchids, which were deposited at Kew and had been left unidentified. Ames kept asking Lankester to send more and more specimens. After 1930, Lankester and Ames seem to drift slowly apart. Ames was taken in more by administrative work at Harvard, and Lankester traveled abroad more frequently. In 1955, after his wife’s death and already 76 years old, Lankester decided to sell his farm but retained the small part which contained his garden, a piece of land called “El Silvestre”. Lankester moved to a house he had bought in Moravia, one of the suburbs of the capital, San José. On a section of this farm called “El Silvestre”, Lankester began his wonderful collections of orchids and plants of other families, which formed the basis of the Charles H. Lankester Botanical Garden of the University of Costa Rica.Charles Herbert Lankester (1879-1969) was without a doubt the most dominant figure of Central American orchidology during his time. Better known as ‘Don Carlos’, Lankester was born in Southampton, England, on June 14 1879. It was in London that he read an announcement offering a position to work as an assistant to the recently founded Sarapiquí Coffee Estates Company in Costa Rica, he applied and was hired. Surely influenced by his uncle’s zoological background, Lankester was at first interested in birds and butterflies. However, living in Cachí, at that time one of the regions with the greatest botanical diversity, he must have fallen under the spell of the plant world as he soon began collecting orchids in the nearby woods. Many of the plants he collected at this time proved to be new species. With no literature at his hand to determine the plants he collected, Lankester started corresponding with the assistant director of the Royal Botanic Gardens at Kew, Arthur Hill in 1910, and somewhat later with Robert Allen Rolfe, Kew’s most eminent authority on orchids. At the same time, Lankester began his collection of living plants that would become so famous years later. He returned to England in 1920 to enroll his five children in English schools. Lankester traveled to Africa from 1920 to 1922, hired by the British Government to do research on coffee plantations in Uganda. When returning to England, he found that Rolfe had died the year before. Many orchids that he had brought to Kew were left without identification. Lankester was back in Costa Rica in 1922, the year that was a turning point in his career as an orchidologist: it brought the first correspondence with Oakes Ames. Over the next fifteen years, Ames would discover more than 100 new species among the specimens he received from Costa Rica. In 1922, Ames began a series of publications on orchids, which he named Schedulae Orchidianae. In its third fascicle, in January 1923, Ames started to describe many of the Lankester orchids, which were deposited at Kew and had been left unidentified. Ames kept asking Lankester to send more and more specimens. After 1930, Lankester and Ames seem to drift slowly apart. Ames was taken in more by administrative work at Harvard, and Lankester traveled abroad more frequently. In 1955, after his wife’s death and already 76 years old, Lankester decided to sell his farm but retained the small part which contained his garden, a piece of land called “El Silvestre”. Lankester moved to a house he had bought in Moravia, one of the suburbs of the capital, San José. On a section of this farm called “El Silvestre”, Lankester began his wonderful collections of orchids and plants of other families, which formed the basis of the Charles H. Lankester Botanical Garden of the University of Costa Rica
La sacculina e il "Regno dell'uomo". Edwin Ray Lankester, la degenerazione e il futuro della civiltà
No full textEdwin Ray Lankester (1847-1929), a British zoologist and evolutionary biologist, described degeneration as one of three possible effects of natural selection (the others being “balance” and “elaboration”). He defined it as a gradual change of structure by which an organism becomes adapted to less various and complex conditions of life. Degeneration could result in atrophy or “suppression of form”, as in parasites. Lankester himself applied this idea to human societies, past and present, to warn that regression was as possible as progress. To him, degeneration was a law of life, based on observations in comparative anatomy and embryology. Still, one can wonder if the concept was not, as it were, ‘tainted’ with an axiological connotation since its first use by Lankester, as it had clearly been the case with its inventor, Morel. If so, its application to human affairs was not only understandable in their context, but, to some extent, inevitable. Some instances of the uses of degeneration in bio-social contexts are also discussed, including writings by the theologian Henry Drummond, the science fiction author H.G. Wells, the Belgian socialists Demoor, Massart and Vandervelde, and the entomologist William Morton Wheeler
Craspedacusta Lankester 1880
No full textGenus <i>Craspedacusta</i> Lankester, 1880 <p> <i>Craspedacusta</i> Lankester, 1880: 147.</p> <p> <b>Type species.</b> <i>Craspedacusta sowerbii</i> Lankester, 1880, by monotypy.</p> <p> <b>Diagnosis.</b> Olindiid polyps solitary or primitively colonial. Hydranths atentaculate, athecate, club-shaped to cylindrical; distal end a knob-shaped capitulum, bearing an apical mouth surrounded by nematocysts; hydranth base with attachment region surrounded by thin perisarc; asexual reproduction by frustulation, cyst formation, or fission.</p> <p>Gonophores medusae, arising from gastric column of hydranth. Medusae hemispherical to dome-shaped, with marginal nematocyst ring; radial canals four; centripetal canals absent; manubrium quadrate, moderately short, gastric peduncle absent; tentacles evenly spaced, of one type, lacking adhesive disks; statocysts in vesicles on velum; gonads sac-shaped, on radial canals.</p> <p> <b>Remarks.</b> Bouillon <i>et al</i>. (2006) listed eight nominal species in <i>Craspedacusta</i> Lankester, 1880, but speculated that they might all be conspecific with <i>C. sowerbii</i> Lankester, 1880. Earlier, He <i>et al</i>. (2000) had recognized six species, while Dumont (1994) reported that four species were considered valid by most workers. Jankowski (2001) and Jankowski <i>et al</i>. (2008) believed there were as many as four species endemic to the Yangtze River Basin in China, the likely origin of the genus. Several species of the genus appear valid from molecular data (Collins <i>et al.</i> 2008; Zhang <i>et al</i>. 2009). The species taxonomy of this enigmatic fresh water genus remains unsettled.</p>Published as part of <i>Calder, Dale R., 2010, Some anthoathecate hydroids and limnopolyps (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the Hawaiian archipelago 2590, pp. 1-91 in Zootaxa 2590 (1)</i> on pages 73-74, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2590.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/10834110">http://zenodo.org/record/10834110</a>
El sistema Lankester
No full textEn muchas de las charlas, el ponente presenta su charla en inglés para favorecer a los visitantes extran- jeros. En este caso, creo que el material que quiero presentar es de más interés para los visitantes de América Tropical que para los de habla inglesa. En mi experiencia, todos los jardines botánicos, tal vez con excepción de Longwood, hallan que no tienen los recursos suficientes para para hacer lo que deben hacer. En la realidad, la mayoría de los jardines botánicos en los Estados Unidos y Europa tienen más apoyo y más recursos que la mayoría de los jardines botánicos en los trópicos. Para que un jardín sea un jardín botánico, creo que el elemento más crítico es un sistema de datos. En el Jardín Botánico Lankester (JBL) ya tenemos un sistema que funciona con poca plata, y creo que les puede ser de interés. Normalmente, lo llamamos “el sistema Lankester,” pero igualmente lo podríamos llamar el sistema Pupulin.En muchas de las charlas, el ponente presenta su charla en inglés para favorecer a los visitantes extran- jeros. En este caso, creo que el material que quiero presentar es de más interés para los visitantes de América Tropical que para los de habla inglesa. En mi experiencia, todos los jardines botánicos, tal vez con excepción de Longwood, hallan que no tienen los recursos suficientes para para hacer lo que deben hacer. En la realidad, la mayoría de los jardines botánicos en los Estados Unidos y Europa tienen más apoyo y más recursos que la mayoría de los jardines botánicos en los trópicos. Para que un jardín sea un jardín botánico, creo que el elemento más crítico es un sistema de datos. En el Jardín Botánico Lankester (JBL) ya tenemos un sistema que funciona con poca plata, y creo que les puede ser de interés. Normalmente, lo llamamos “el sistema Lankester,” pero igualmente lo podríamos llamar el sistema Pupulin
Un científico costarricense de origen inglés: Charles Herbert Lankester (1879-1969)
No full textPareciera que la primera estrofa de la Patriotica Costarricense hubiera inspirado al recordado naturalista Charles Lankester, así fue su apego a nuestro país, su patria por adopción, al que dedicó la labor de toda una vida
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Increasing resources of Lankester Botanical Garden.
No full textThis report was prepared for the Lankester Botanical Garden over the period of time between March 11 and July 1, 2003. We have conducted a study of the various ways by which Lankester can increase human as well as monetary means of resources. We have researched grant organizations, investigated various foundations that have experienced obtaining funding and donations, and examined the procedures and laws for establishing a foundation. Using the data collected in the project, we have formulated several recommendations that the garden should follow in order to obtain a consistent influx of resources. These recommendations included creation of a "Friends of Lankester" society, establishment of a United States-based foundation, and pursuit of grant sources around the world
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Promoting ecological education at Lankester Botanical Garden.
No full textLankester Botanical Garden has one of the foremost collections of orchids in the world and is home to 165 species of birds. This organization provides educational opportunities for researchers, students and tourists. At the time of our project, Lankester was in a financial crisis. To increase revenue and enhance ecological education opportunities, our group developed a birdwatching program as a model for future programs. We also developed a new marketing strategy for the garden, including the creation of a new web site. The implementation of the pilot program and the web will improve the ecological information output of the garden and will create increased revenue for future programs
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