8,152 research outputs found
Measuring symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder in people with intellectual disabilities: the development and psychometric properties of the Impact of Event Scale – Intellectual Disabilities (IES-IDs)
Full text linkBackground: The aims of the study were to (a) revise the Impact of Event Scale – Revised for use with people with intellectual disabilities (IDs), creating the Impact of Event Scale – Intellectual Disabilities (IES-IDs), (b) assess the reliability of the IES-IDs, and (c) compare it to an existing measure post-traumatic stress disorder symptomatology, namely the Lancaster and Northgate Trauma Scale (LANTS), along with measures of anxiety and depression.
Methods: Forty adults with IDs who had experienced at least one traumatic event were recruited and completed the IES-IDs and the LANTS on two occasions, separated by two weeks. Participants also completed the Glasgow Depression Scale and the Glasgow Anxiety Scale, along with the Trauma Information Form which was used to collect information about trauma history.
Results: Fifteen percent of the sample had encountered five or more traumatic events. The IES-IDs and the LANTS had good to excellent internal consistency and test-retest reliability. Both measures correlated with self-report measures of depression and anxiety, although the strength of this correlation was greater with the LANTS. There was a significant positive correlation between trauma frequency and the IES-IDs, but not the LANTs
Conclusions: Both the IES-IDs and the LANTs appear to have good reliability
High resolution scanning of South Pacific lake sediment: relative benefits offered by state-of-the-art micro-XRF and SEM systems
No full textA methodological evaluation for the efficient investigation of laminated core material collected from the South Pacific islands is presented that is expected to be of broad interest to the core scanning community. Efficient identification of laminae, their number, chemistry and mineralogy provide crucial information in inferring sediment accumulation rates and environmental and climate change. The material investigated was collected as part of NERC grant NE/N006674/1 - The legacy of cyclone Pam: a unique opportunity to build a long term record of cyclone activity in the western tropical Pacific (PIs David Sear, Pete Langdon and Ian Croudace). The project is part of a multi-party study involving the PIs, 3 PhD students and collaborating specialists. Analytical data obtained from measurements of a 10 cm section of resin impregnated lake sediment from Lake Te Roto (Atiu Island, Cook Islands) will be discussed. Investigation of the sediment block was made using Itrax, Bruker M4+ micro-XRF and Leo SEM systems. The benefits of using the different approaches are evaluated with the purpose of establishing a preferred approach that would be applied to detailed investigation of all or selected core material collected from two field campaigns. The analytical timeline including an efficiency budget (sample preparation, analysis) as well as the robustness and comparability of analytical outputs (textural, density and elemental variations) will be presented
Reconstructing Holocene climate change in Scotland utilising peat stratigraphy and tephrochronology
No full textIn 2 vols.Available from British Library Document Supply Centre-DSC:DX206534 / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo
A 3000-year multiproxy palaeoclimate record from Killorn Moss, Stirlingshire, Scotland
Full text linkPeatlands across the United Kingdom and Europe represent an important source of palaeoenvironmental and palaeoclimatological data for the Holocene time period. Here we derive a detailed 3000-year record of inferred changes in water table from the raised bog at Killorn Moss in central Scotland, employing a multiproxy approach. Proxies are compared and contrasted, and the merits of a multiproxy approach are highlighted. Ten changes to wetter conditions supported by at least two proxies are evident at Killorn, with substantial shifts related to the Sub-boreal/Sub-atlantic transition and post Roman and Dark Age deteriorations. Inferred changes in climate are compared with a local record from another raised bog and with more geographically widespread locations highlighting corresponding events, but also evidencing the importance of robust dating
Summer temperature gradients in northwest Europe during the Lateglacial to early Holocene transition (15-8 ka BP) inferred from chironomid assemblages
Full text linkThe raster temperature data was interpolated from site temperature data estimated from Chironomid records using Kriging. Temperatures are in Degrees Centigrage. The dataset covers all of Northern Europe including Iceland and Scandanavia.</span
Yawa-nawa: alianças e pajés nas cidades
Full text linkDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antropologia social, Florianópolis, 2012
Critical transitions in ecosystem state may be driven by coupled feedback mechanisms: a case study from Erhai lake, China
No full textCritical transitions between ecosystem states can be triggered by relatively small external forces or internal perturbations and may show time-lagged or hysteretic recovery. Understanding the precise mechanisms of a transition is important for ecosystem management, but it is hampered by a lack of information about the preceding interactions and associated feedback between different components in an ecosystem. This paper employs a range of data, including paleolimnological, environmental monitoring and documentary sources from lake Erhai and its catchment, to investigate the ecosystem structure and dynamics across multiple trophic levels through the process of eutrophication. A long-term perspective shows the growth and decline of two distinct, but coupled, positive feedback loops: a macrophyte-loop and a phosphorus-recycling-loop. The macrophyte-loop becameweaker, and the phosphorus-recycling-loop became stronger during the process of lake eutrophication, indicating that the critical transition was propelled by the interaction of two positive feedback loops with different strengths. For lake restoration, future weakening of the phosphorus-recycling loop or a reduction in external pressures is expected to trigger macrophyte growth and eventuallyproduce clear water conditions, but the speed of recovery will probably depend on the rates of feedback loops and the strength of their coupling
Dating the Glen Garry tephra: a widespread late-Holocene marker horizon in the peatlands of Northern Britain
No full textThe distal Icelandic tephra known as the Glen Garry layer has been dated by AMS 14C at eight ombrotrophic peat bogs from northern England and Scotland. The geochemistry of all the tephra layers is consistent with there being only one Glen Garry tephra, rather than two or more from eruptions of the same volcanic source. At seven of the sites, all in Scotland, the tephra layer was bracketed by 1 cm contiguous samples below, at and above the horizon. At the one English site, Walton Moss, Cumbria, a suite of 16 AMS dates was applied to a 116 cm section of a peat core containing the tephra. The resulting dates were calibrated and wiggle-matched using the BCal and Bpeat programmes to give an estimated age for the Glen Garry tephra of 2176 cal. BP, with a 2? range of 2210-1966 cal. BP. This 244 year range is an improvement on the 410 years calibrated date range for the date without the wiggle-match. This age estimate will allow future work on peat profiles and other sediments containing the tephra to use the date as a pinning-point in age/depth models and obviate the need for radiocarbon dating at this period
Imagens de abundância e escassez: comida guarani e transformações na contemporaneidade
Full text linkTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Antrolopologia Social, Florianópolis, 2011Para os Mbya a comida é um meio fundamental de produção de um corpo puro e durável, que gere a eles longevidade e capacidades xamânicas. Em Tekoa Marangatu, uma aldeia no litoral de Santa Catarina, no Brasil, os mais velhos aconselham todos na comunidade a comerem os produtos da roça e do mato. Contudo, nesse grupo local eles se veem na situação de ter que comer o que é trazido dos mercados, pois a terra é insuficiente e a natureza da relação com a sociedade envolvente está mudando. A vida contemporânea nessa aldeia mbya é marcada pela presença próxima dos Brancos, o que eles evitavam até poucas décadas atrás, e em parte por uma conjuntura sociopolítica favorável produzida pela Constituição Brasileira de 1988, que garantiu aos povos indígenas direitos sobre a terra, a educação, a saúde e seu patrimônio cultural. Diante da diminuição de recursos ambientais e da dinâmica social mais ampla, este trabalho explora as estratégias empregadas pelos Mbya para garantir a produção adequada dos corpos e das relações sociais. A comparação com os dados resultantes da experiência etnográfica prévia em uma aldeia kaiowaguarani, localizada em Mato Grosso do Sul, facilitou o aprofundamento no tema. Este estudo conclui que as evitações e práticas alimentares, as quais contribuem para manutenção de um corpo propriamente mbya, bem como para a produção social, são parte do xamanismo mbya e nos levam a entendê-lo como um modo de conhecimento e comunicação.For the Mbya-Guarani people, food is the fundamental means to produce a pure and enduring body, one that provides longevity and shamanic capacities. In Tekoa Marangatu, a coastal village in the State of Santa Catarina, Brazil, the elders counsel members of their community to eat foods produced in their fields or those which result from hunting or gathering in the forest. However, this community is in a situation in which they are increasingly forced to consume products purchased at local markets, since their land is insufficient and the nature of interaction with the larger society is changing. The contemporary life in this Mbya village is marked by the presence of and frequent relationship with non-Guarani people, whom they tended to avoid until a few decades ago. This is due in part to the favorable sociopolitical situation that has been stimulated by the Brazilian Constitution of 1988, which guarantees Indigenous peoples# rights with respect to land, education, health and cultural patrimony. In the face of decreasing environmental resources and widening social dynamics, this work explores the strategies employed by the Mbya in order to guarantee the adequate production of bodies and relationships. Comparing the Mbya data with that from a previous ethnographic experience in a Kaiowa-Guarani village, located in Mato Grosso do Sul, further enhances the analysis. This study concludes that food practices and avoidances, which contribute to the construction and stability of individual and social bodies, should be considered as part of Mbya shamanism as way of knowledge and communication
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