177,222 research outputs found
Entropy-based automatic partitioning of UCE alignments
No full text<p>The accuracy of phylogenetic inferences often depends on choosing an appropriate model of molecular evolution. In Tagliacollo & Lanfear (submitted), we evaluated the performance of two new partitioning methods for phylogenomics studies of UCES, and conclude that automatic selection of partitions through the SWSC-EN method considerably improves model-fit and parameter estimates. This repository contains scripts to run the SWSC-EN method on your own alignments. For more information about the method, please see the accompanying paper, and the repository for replicating the analyses in that paper.</p>
Gun Carrying from Adolescence to Adulthood: Initiation, Continuity, and Exposure to Gun Violence across the Life Course
No full textThis project is a continuation of the following OSF preregistration:
Lanfear, C. C., Kirk, D., Sampson, R., & Bucci, R. (2022, June 16). The changing risks of exposure to gun violence among multiple cohorts of children living in Chicago in the mid 1990s and followed over a 25-year period. https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/4K2AM
That preregistration resulted in the following publication:
Lanfear, C. C., Bucci, R., Kirk, D., & Sampson, R. (2023). Inequalities in Exposure to Firearm Violence by Race, Sex, and Birth Cohort From Childhood to Age 40 Years, 1995-2021. JAMA Network Open, 6(5):e2312465. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.12465
The initial preregistration focused on both exposure to gun violence and gun behaviors, i.e., carrying and use, but these outcomes were separated to produce more focused and cohesive papers. Lanfear et al. (2023) examined exposure to gun violence. The present project examines gun carrying and gun use. Accordingly, relevant material from the initial preregistration completed June 16th, 2022 is reused or edited. Where relevant, it is noted when analyses were conducted in relation to the initial or current preregistration plan.
This study is a descriptive analysis of patterns in onset of concealed gun carrying using data from the PHDCN+ (where onset is defined as the first instance of carrying a concealed weapon, whether legally or illegally): five survey waves on four birth cohorts living in Chicago in 1995 separated in age by 15 years who were studied from 1995 through 2021—including those who moved out of Chicago. We leverage the multicohort design of the PHDCN+ to examine differences in timing of onset across demographic groups and how timing of onset is related to prior exposure to gun violence, recent gun carrying, and onset of gun use. We use survival models and logistic regression to estimate age-specific probabilities of ever carrying a concealed gun
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
No full textWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Online Data Supplement: Exploring the relationships between mutation rates, life history, genome size, environment and species richness in flowering plants
No full text<p>This online data supplement contains the assoicated data and replicatable analyses to estimate branch rates for sister-pair analyses from the paper "Exploring the relationships between mutation rates, life history, genome size, environment and species richness in flowering plants" American Naturalist, by Bromham L, Hua X, Cowman PF, Lanfear R</p>
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"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Pharmacogenetics of ophthalmic topical β-blockers
No full textGlaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness worldwide. The primary glaucoma risk factor is elevated intraocular pressure. Topical β-blockers are affordable and widely used to lower intraocular pressure. Genetic variability has been postulated to contribute to interpersonal differences in efficacy and safety of topical β-blockers. This review summarizes clinically significant polymorphisms that have been identified in the β-adrenergic receptors (ADRB1, ADRB2 and ADRB3). The implications of polymorphisms in CYP2D6 are also discussed. Although the candidate-gene approach has facilitated significant progress in our understanding of the genetic basis of glaucoma treatment response, most drug responses involve a large number of genes, each containing multiple polymorphisms. Genome-wide association studies may yield a more comprehensive set of polymorphisms associated with glaucoma outcomes. An understanding of the genetic mechanisms associated with variability in individual responses to topical β-blockers may advance individualized treatment at a lower cost
Letter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer, Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, October 2, 1942
No full textLetter from R. R. Zellick, Assistant Trust Officer at The Anglo California National Bank of San Francisco, to Joseph R. Goodman, regarding property owned by Dave Tatsuno. Zellick mentions a dispute between current tenants and Tatsuno, and that Tatsuno has asked Goodman to help locate trustworthy tenants.Personal correspondence, organizational records, government documents, publications, and other papers created or collected by Joseph R. Goodman documenting the forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans during World War II, as well as organized resistance to incarceration. Included in the collection are records of the Japanese Young Men's Christian Association and the Japanese American Citizens' League in San Francisco, including papers of the Japanese YMCA's executive secretary Lincoln Kanai; Sakai family papers; Goodman's correspondence to and from Japanese American incarcerees, organizations opposing forced removal and incarceration of Japanese Americans, the War Relocation Authority, and others; publications, photographs, and ephemera from the Topaz Relocation Center, where Goodman taught high school; War Relocation Authority records and publications; and newspaper clippings, pamphlets, and reports about forced removal and incarceration created by various government, religious, and civic organizations, in California and nationwide
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