1,721,006 research outputs found
Future Market Design: Government agencies expertise enhance companies foresight and creativity
No full textThe author aims to link lead-user theory and its idea-generation function to the policy of public demand of innovation designed by agencies at government level. The discussion of the literature argues that the expertise of government agencies can help companies in market foresight, technological opportunities and product innovation
The Rise of the Italian Space Industry: Entrepreneurial State and Demand-Driven Innovation Policy
No full textDespite the Italian system of production is well
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known to be
specialized in traditional sectors, characterized by small enterprises
and very few investments in R&D and human capital, Finmeccanica
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an Italian aerospace company
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is a relevant player in the
global high
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tech market. The aerospace holding group was es
tablished by the State in its entrepreneurial effort to substitute the
lack of high
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tech ventures through State
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holdings. However, only the aerospace and defense holding survived to the privatization
program in the first Nineties. This research argues that
a new strategy of innovation policy was able to sustain the high
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tech
effort of the Italian system of innovation. Subsequent to the establishment of the Italian Space Agency in 1988, the Governme
nt
adopted public procurement as a tool for sustaining innov
ative activities driven by public demand. Moreover, that model
underlines the potential role of
forward public procurement
(FPP) in providing the market with advance information of future
needs. Since FPP is considered a powerful tool in the perspective of
many policy
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makers, in particular in post
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crisis Europe, the
aim of this research is to enlarge the knowledge about policy of innovation driven by public procurement
The "Spin-out Entrepreneur" : Employees' Knowledge Flow and Entrepreneurial Opportunities
No full textAn employee has the incentive to quit a company and start a new business venture when a discovery allows her to pursue an entrepreneurial opportunity. The discovery is the result of the employee’s knowledge accumulation made within the firm. We call the new venture started autonomously by a former employee a “spin-out.” While most studies analyze the nature of the spin-out at the firm level, we argue that the success of a spin-out can be better understood by analyzing the prior experience—in terms of knowledge accumulation—of the entrepreneur. The analysis of several spin-out companies in the IT and bio-tech industries helps to confirm some hypotheses built on the theory of spin-outs, contradict others, and give more insight on employees’ knowledge mobili
L’Agenzia Spaziale Italiana tra stato innovatore e dimensione europea.
No full textBasandosi su fonti archivistiche, Matteo Landoni ricostruisce la storia delle istituzioni italiane nel settore spaziale, dagli esordi pioneristici fino alla creazione dell'Agenzia Spaziale Italiana. Il libro offre dunque una panoramica completa sulle origini della politica spaziale del nostro paese, dalle motivazioni industriali fino ai risvolti internazionali, fondati sull'accesso ai programmi di collaborazione scientifica e tecnologica e sulla cooperazione con partner europei e americani. Fra i temi affrontati, la trasformazione della società industriale che fa da sfondo alla corsa allo spazio, gli strumenti di sostegno al settore, le scelte politiche che hanno condotto alla creazione dell'ASI - i cui primi vent'anni di attività sono confrontati con l'operato dei partner europei -, ponendone in rilievo il ruolo di strumento politico per inserire i'Italia e le sue imprese nella rete di scambio tecnologico internazionale. È inoltre sottolineata la mutazione dei rapporti tra politica e industria, rendendo esplicito il passaggio problematico tra declino del sistema delle partecipazioni statali e nuove forme di intervento fondate sugli intermediari dell'innovazione, in favore di obiettivi di interesse nazionale
The Quest for Corporate Control: Cross-Border Acquisitions and Foreign Takeovers in Italy, 2005–2015
No full textThis paper covers the trend of cross-border mergers and acquisitions (M&As) of corporate control in Italy. The expansion of international acquisitions in the last decades changed the corporate structure of industries and business organizations. The common understanding regards the suspicious transfer of control of companies to a foreign owner. However, the reasons seem ungrounded, and the evidence is conflicting. This paper aims to disentangle this view and offer a more objective assessment. The research uses a dataset comprised of 446 cross-border deals of foreign companies targeting Italian business enterprises over the period 2005–2015 and their performance over the period 2013–2022. The case of Italy is of interest because of the number of foreign acquisitions in the years that comprised the great financial crisis (2007–2008) and the sovereign debt crisis (2010–2011). Foreigners’ takeover of Italian companies followed multiple strategies and produced international synergies. The article concludes with implications and considerations for further research
L'impresa spaziale italiana. Dall'intervento pubblico all'innovazione tecnologica
No full textL’industria italiana è destinata a rimanere specializzata in settori tradizionali oppure esistono anche nel nostro paese le condizioni per avere imprese innovative? Questo volume dimostra che l’arretratezza della nostra economia non è inevitabile. Nonostante le debolezze strutturali, in Italia esiste un’industria integrata nel mercato internazionale dell’innovazione tecnologica, il settore spaziale. Le imprese italiane che operano nello spazio hanno un ruolo importante nei principali programmi europei e nelle missioni internazionali. Oltre alla dinamica della tecnologia, una parte importante dell’affermazione di questa industria deve essere attribuita all’azione imprenditoriale dello stato. Comprendere l’evoluzione delle istituzioni politiche e delle imprese a partecipazione statale è fondamentale per capire le potenzialità innovative dell’economia italiana
Corporatization and internationalization of state-owned enterprises: the role of institutional intermediaries.
No full textPurpose – The paper aims to provide a conceptual framework for driving State-owned enterprises trough corporatization by a strategy based on institutional intermediaries. Governments may apply intermediaries as strategic tool with the aim of increasing corporatization and internationalization of State-owned enterprises.
Design/methodology/approach – A collection of case studies allows the exploration of recurrences from a novel theoretical perspective. The research selected cases concerning State-owned enterprises in different industries from six European countries.
Findings – Institutional intermediaries appear in different forms and contribute to different results. A typology of the most recurrent forms shows three different types of actions governments have taken to support internationalization of firms.
Research limitations/implications – The study explores novel concepts upon a limited sample. Further research needs to test and verify the extent of institutional intermediaries’ impact drawing on a larger sample, as well as comparing with other industries, countries, regulatory settings, and time span.
Originality/value –So far, few attempts have linked corporatization to globalization. The paper tries to fill this gap between corporatization and internationalization of State-owned enterprises. Its value is in the provision of a novel view that includes institutional intermediaries as instrumental to governments’ strategy that aims to bridge the two components.
Keywords: Internationalization; State-owned enterprises; privatization; institutional intermediations; governments as strategists; corporatization; industrial policy; globalizatio
The Development of the Space Industry in Italy: From State Ownership to the Entrepreneurial State, 1969-2017
Full text linkThis article shows the evolution of the aerospace sector in Italy using archival sources which have not yet been fully explored. The sector experienced a shift from the state ownership model to a demand-side industrial policy. The historical case of how Alenia Spazio evolved into an innovative firm thanks to the Italian Space Agency’s demand-driven industrial policy contributes to the article’s argument that a proper mix of government-business networks and technology-led institutional arrangements spared the Italian space sector from the country’s general economic decline during the late twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The analysis sheds light on the role of technology, institutions, and economic integration in the evolution of the space sector and the Italian form of capitalism at the end of the past century
Translating Organizational Change into Entrepreneurial Identity—A Study of Energy Transition in a Large State-Owned Enterprise
Full text linkThis paper presents a proximal study of energy transition in a large state-owned enterprise. Organizational change is the prerequisite for energy transition in a company that has historically understood its own identity in the remunerative oil gas industry. The methodology of the research is a qualitative on-field study of the implementation of the transition strategy inside the company. For this purpose, the research uses primarily first-hand reports collected within the organization in the years 2018–2020. The paper explores the dynamic process of change to reveal the tensions, conflicting identities, and strategies of implementation needed to start the energy transition, shedding light on the formation of a new corporate identity that traces back to the entrepreneurial inception of the company. The role of communication between the different levels of the company was crucial. The management found in the corporate history a moderator of organizational change that led to a renewed entrepreneurial identity. This paper brings evidence that a re-interpretation of the corporate identity is a condition that eases the process of organizational change. The results of the study will provide the theory with a practical case in order to better understand the transitions of state-owned enterprises in their effort to promote organizational change and drive sustainable innovations
Innovation policy in progress. Institutional intermediation in public procurement of innovation: satellite telecommunications in Italy
No full textThis paper aims to explore a mechanism of institutional intermediation to sustain public procurement of innovation. By exploring the development of innovative solutions for telecommunications satellites in Italy, this study proposes an analytical view on the role of supporting institutions in public procurement of innovation and discusses the relation between the source of public demand and the contracting companies. Eventually, it argues that a public agency can manage funds, coordinate companies’ technological capabilities, and stimulate a sense of cooperation to achieve innovation.
The research finds originality in bringing the growing theory concerning public procurement into a dynamic institutional setting to discuss the emerging role of the public competent costumer. The case-analysis shows how institutionalization of an innovation intermediary enables efficient procurement. Propositions prescribe powerful instruments for dealing with market uncertainty and technological complexity, and find the agency to act as a knowledge intermediary and companies coordinator
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