102,539 research outputs found
Composition, Counterfactuals and Causation. Special Issue on the Philosophy of David Lewis
No full textThe problems of how the world is made, how things could have gone, and how causal relations work (if any such relation is at play) cross the entire historical development of philosophy. In the last forty years, the philosophical debate has given these problems a prominent role in its agenda, and David Lewis has suggested methodologies and theories that have contributed to enrich our notions in the fields of mereology, modality and the theory of causation. Such contributions have been among the most influential in analytic philosophy
Venise: le milieu lagunaire dans la perception de ses habitants
No full textLando Fabio,Zanetto GabrieleLando Fabio, Zanetto Gabriele. Venise : le milieu lagunaire dans la perception de ses habitants. In: L'Espace géographique, tome 8, n°2, 1979. pp. 153-155
Thin Mereological Sums, Abstraction, and Interpretational Modalities
No full textSome tools introduced by Linnebo to show that mathematical entities are thin objects can also be applied to non-mathematical entities, which have been thought to be thin as well for a variety of reasons. In this paper, I discuss some difficulties and opportunities concerning the application of abstraction and interpretational modalities to mereological sums. In particular, I show that on one hand some prima facie attractive candidates for the role of an explanatory plural abstraction principle for mereological sums (in terms of pluralities of summed entities) are not really explanatory; on the other hand, singular abstraction principles (in terms of single summed entities) are materially inadequate. Nonetheless, explanatory criteria of identity and conditions of existence for mereological sums are provided by classical extensional mereology independent of abstraction principles. Thus, given classical extensional mereology, the reasons why, according to Linnebo, mathematical abstracted entities are thin also hold for mereological sums. Finally, I contend that interpretational modalities can be used to characterise the process by which a subject adds sums of previously admitted entities to the domain of quantification
Un esopico Lando : un percorso pedagogico-sapienziale tra Ortolani, esperimenti narrativi, editoria
No full textSi analizza una sezione di circa quaranta favole in prosa contenute nel volume miscellaneo Varii componimenti pubblicato nel 1552 da Ortensio Lando presso Manuzio. Le favole del poligrafo milanese sono per la maggior parte traduzioni degli apologhi di Celio Calcagnini, e in misura minore di Leon Battista Alberti; analizzate nelle scelte traduttorie e considerate nella prospettiva di alcuni ambienti attraversati dal Lando – come gli Ortolani piacentini e la famiglia Landi –, del ruolo della figura di Esopo nel vasto macrotesto landiano, e più in generale delle posizioni intellettuali del loro autore, le favole paiono però essere ben più che un mero plagio.This article analyzes a section of about forty fables in prose contained in the miscellaneous volume Varii componimenti published in 1552 by Ortensio Lando at Manuzio’s printing house. The tales of this Milan polygraph are for the most part translations of the apologues written by Celio Calcagnini, and to a lesser extent by Leon Battista Alberti. Nevertheless, analyzed as to the translation strategies, to some cultural circles frequented by Lando – like the Piacenza Ortolani and the Landi family –, to the role of Aesop in Lando’s extended macrotext, and more generally to the intellectual positions of their author, the fables seem to be much more than a mere plagiarism
Testing convexity of the generalised hazard function
No full textLet F, G be a pair of absolutely continuous cumulative distributions, where F is the distribution of interest and G is assumed to be known. The composition G−1 ◦F, which is referred to as the generalised hazard function of F with respect to G, provides a flexible framework for statistical inference of F under shape restrictions, determined by G, which enables the generalisation of some well-known models, such as the increasing hazard rate family. This paper is concerned with the problem of testing the null hypothesis H0: “G−1 ◦ F is convex”. The test statistic is based on the distance between the empirical distribution function and a corresponding isotonic estimator, which is denoted as the greatest relatively-convex minorant of the empirical distribution with respect to G. Under H0, this estimator converges uniformly to F, giving rise to a rather simple and general procedure for deriving families of consistent tests, without any support restriction. As an application, a goodness-of-fit test for the increasing hazard rate family is provided
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