1,720,978 research outputs found
Editorial: Clinical Psychometrics: Old Issues and New Perspectives
Full text linkClinical Psychometrics is defined as a discipline that deals with the definition and measurement of clinical constructs. It focuses on the theory of measurement, the construction and validation of psychological measures, and their application in the assessment of individual differences. Therefore, Clinical Psychometrics is an applied discipline, which uses psychometric tools in order to develop evidence-based procedures aimed at understanding and improving the psychological well-being of individuals.
Clinical Psychometrics can be considered as an essential tool in many fields of research related to psychological and psychiatric interventions: for example, it is useful for diagnostic assessment (in various fields, including clinical and forensic areas), and for the design and evaluation of specific psychological and pharmacological treatments. In the Research Topic “Clinical Psychometrics: Old Issues and New Perspectives,” we were interested in disseminating a culture of integration between the “psychometric model” and the “clinical model,” promoting a scientific debate around existing measures and methods, and proposing new methods capable of combining clinical significance with quantitative rigor (Balsamo et al., 2015a,b). Therefore, we brought together, within this research topic, contributions from researchers investigating factor invariance of new and existing instruments for measuring clinical variables; research studies developing more refined instruments for the evaluation of clinical dimensions; as well as research studies evaluating methodological issues involved in therapeutic outcomes and processes
Rehabilitation of the adolescent with a substance use disorder. overview of treatment efficacy
No full textBackground: Several studies have shown that substance use disorder (SUDs) among adolescents is related to multiple behavioural problems and needs specific treatment compared to adults. Objectives: The aim of the present paper was to investigate the gold standard of rehabilitation efficacy for SUDs in adolescence. Methods: A careful review of the literature was conducted on the treatment and rehabilitation of adolescents with SUDs. A total of 11 articles from peer-reviewed journals was selected for this review. Results: Family therapy is the treatment with the strongest evidence of effectiveness for reducing SUDs in adolescents, although other types of
treatments appear to be beneficial such as cognitive-behavioural therapy and other psychological approaches. Despite the effectiveness of the treatments, the rate of relapse remains high among adolescents with SUDs. Conclusion: Currently, psychological treatments, particularly family therapy, are most frequently applied to adolescents with SUDs. Pharmacotherapy is reserved for adolescents with a SUDs in co-morbidity with other mental disorders and a therapeutic community
is suggested for these at-risk adolescent
Suicide risk and psychopathology in immigrants: a multi-group confirmatory factor analysis
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Psychiatric comorbidity in migraine and chronic headache
No full textThis book provides up-to-date information on all aspects of the comorbidities that are associated with the headache disorders commonly seen in the primary care and hospital settings, including migraine, tension-type headache, and cluster headache. The coverage is wide ranging and encompasses all of the well-established comorbidities: cardio- and cerebrovascular disease, psychiatric conditions, epilepsy, sleep disorders, and various pain disorders, such as visceral pain, fibromyalgia, orofacial pain, and neuropathic pain. Individual chapters are also devoted to obesity and other metabolic comorbidities and to the comorbidities associated specifically with pediatric headaches. The information provided will assist readers in understanding the complex relationships between headache disorders and these various conditions and in delivering effective care that reflects the latest knowledge. The book is designed to meet the daily practice needs of general physicians, general neurologists, clinical psychologists, neurologists in training, and medical students
The association between physical illness/medical conditions and suicide risk
No full textPhysical diseases and mental disorders often present together increasing the risk of suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Several studies have documented high rates of suicidal behavior among patients suffering from a variety of medical conditions (Berman & Pompili, 2011; Mackenzie, Popkin, & Blumenthal, 1990), and several authors have identified medical conditions as a risk factor for suicide (Berman, Silverman, & Bongar, 2000). Medical conditions are also frequently associated with anxiety, depression, and substance use disorders, which are all related to suicidal
thoughts (Scott et al., 2007)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
