1,721,066 research outputs found
Dexmedetomidine for perioperative management of five dogs submitted to a pheochromocytoma ablation
No full textDexmedetomidine for perioperative management of five dogs submitted to a pheochromocytoma ablation
Lambertini C., Joechler M, Foglia A., Romagnoli N.
Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - University of Bologna,. Via Tolara di Sopra 50 - 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy.
Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) ablation produces severe cardiovascular complications. In humans dexmedetomidine minimizes hemodynamic alterations during surgical PHEO manipulation (Singh and Singh 2014).
Five mixed breed dogs undergoing adrenalectomy for PHEO were premedicated with dexmedetomidine (1g kg-1) and methadone (0.2 mg kg-1) IM. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol IV and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Dexmedetomidine (0.5 g kg-1 h-1) and remifentanil (3 g kg-1 min-1) or fentanyl (5-10 g kg-1 h-1) were administered IV. Cardiorespiratory parameters were monitored throughout the procedure. After extubation, dexmedetomidine was discontinued and post-operative analgesia was provided by methadone (0.1 mg kg-1) IM. Episode of hypotension, hypertension and arrhythmias were recorded and quantified. Data were analyzed with a descriptive statistic and are shown as mean SD.
In all dogs, sedation and induction were smooth without hemodynamic alterations. The mean HR intraopearively was 77.9 15.9 beats min-1 and the mean MAP was 75.1 4.7 mmHg. One dog experienced atrioventricular blocks and a transient increase in blood pressure up to a MAP of 125 mmHg. Two dogs experienced transient hypotension (MAP 50 mmHg):one dog was treated with crystalloid administration; but in the other one dobutamine was administered IV. All dogs were discharged within 10 days.
Perioperative administration of dexmedetomidine along with remifentanil or fentanyl in dogs with PHEO provided satisfactory sedation and analgesia. In addition dexmedetomidine, by means of its effect of inhibition of catecholamines’ outflow (Moura et al. 2006; Jung et al. 2012), prevented significant alteration in HR and blood pressure during mass manipulation.
References
Moura E, Afonso J, Hein L et al. (2006) α2-adrenoceptor subtypes involved in the regulation of catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla of mice. Br J Pharmacol 149, 1049-1058.
Jung JW, Park JK, Jeon SY et al. (2012) Dexmedetomidine and remifentanil in the perioperative management of an adolescent undergoing resection of pheochromocytoma -A case report- Korean J Anesthesiol 63, 555–558.
Singh S & Singh A (2014) Dexmedetomidine induced catecholamine suppression in pheochromocytoma. J Nat Sci Biol Med 5, 182-183
Why are tall-statured energy grasses of polyploid species complexes potentially invasive? A review of their genetic variation patterns and evolutionary plasticity
No full textPerennial tall-statured grasses are regarded as a sustainable source of renewable energy for their high yields of lignocellulosic biomass, low resource input, wide ecological tolerance and capacity for storing large amounts of atmospheric CO2 in their perennial underground rhizome systems. These same traits, that make such crops agronomically attractive and sustainable, make these species highly competitive and potentially invasive. Several perennial energy crop grasses are outbreeding species that belong to cosmopolitan polyploid species complexes, i.e. groups of interbreeding species with ploidy variation. The cultivation of such highly productive and genetically diverse crops can have unwanted consequences through the evolution of invasive species. The goal of this review is to provide the scientific community, including agronomists, breeders, users and nature managers, with an introduction to the genetic dynamics occurring within the polyploid species complexes of the emerging energy species Arundo donax, Miscanthus × giganteus, Panicum virgatum, Phalaris arundinacea and Phragmites australis, and the broad biogeographical extent of their gene flow impact. Such aspects are difficult to predict, and are not captured by invasion risk assessments and by the sustainability certifications of the bioenergy supply chain. The review integrates literature from the phylogenetic, cytology, population ecology and agronomic research and focuses on the evolutionary processes that shape invasiveness that can be activated post-introduction by the dispersal of pollen, seeds and plant fragments from the energy crops to the environment. Due to the high genetic diversity of the crops, the adverse effects that genetic drift and founder effect can have on the establishment of small populations are very unlikely. On the contrary the data collected suggests that the risk of fostering panmictic continental invasive populations is high. Agronomic measures, regulations and genetic improvements that can contain dispersal from crops are discussed, as well as urgent research needs
Clinical and anaesthesiologic effects of lidocaine constant rate infusion in neonatal foals during anaesthesia
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Mowing regime has different effects on reed stands in relation to habitat.
No full textReed (Phragmites australis) is widespread in aquatic habitats in Europe where it plays an important ecological role, especially as stabilizer of lake and river shores and as filter against pollutants. Reed is also abundant in ecotones towards terrestrial habitats, especially fen meadows, where its expansion can out-compete rare slowly-growing fen species. Therefore, defining appropriate guidelines for managing reed in wetlands has to consider differences in the ecological roles that reed plays in different wetland habitats. In a small pre-alpine lake in N Italy, we mowed reed stands in three plant communities located along a transect from the lake shore to the periphery. In each community, three areas were subjected to reed mowing in late winter, as traditionally done in the past. Three additional areas were subjected to mowing in winter and summer, while three areas served as un-treated controls. Summer mowing was carried out in August, when the nesting period of birds was concluded. Mowing in winter did not affect reed aboveground biomass (RAB) in any community but enhanced the efficiency of removing nutrients by reducing litter accumulation in the soil. Mowing in winter and summer only slightly decreased RAB in the riparian community, not at all in the intermediate community but significantly diminished RAB in fen meadows. Phosphorus deficiency and/or reduced competition with other species probably accounted for RAB reduction in fen meadows. In conclusion, winter mowing can be overall recommended for preventing eutrophication of littoral habitats while summer mowing is advisable for preventing reed expansion in fen meadows. However, the timing of summer mowing has to be defined considering all requirements needed for optimal management of each individual site
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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