1,720,998 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The MITF regulatory network in melanoma
Get PDFBidirectional interactions between plastic tumor cells and the microenvironment critically impact tumor evolution and metastatic dissemination by enabling cancer cells to adapt to microenvironmental stresses by switching phenotype. In melanoma, a key determinant of phenotypic identity is the microphthalmia-associated transcription factor MITF that promotes proliferation, suppresses senescence, and anticorrelates with immune infiltration and therapy resistance. What determines whether MITF can activate or repress genes associated with specific phenotypes, or how signaling regulating MITF might impact immune infiltration is poorly understood. Here, we find that MITF binding to genes associated with high MITF is via classical E/M-box motifs, but genes downregulated when MITF is high contain FOS/JUN/AP1/ATF3 sites. Significantly, the repertoire of MITF-interacting factors identified here includes JUN and ATF3 as well as many previously unidentified interactors. As high AP1 activity is a hallmark of MITFLow, invasive, slow-cycling, therapy resistant cells, the ability of MITF to repress AP1-regulated genes provides an insight into how MITF establishes and maintains a pro-proliferative phenotype. Moreover, although β-catenin has been linked to immune exclusion, many Hallmark β-catenin signaling genes are associated with immune infiltration. Instead, low MITF together with Notch signaling is linked to immune infiltration in both mouse and human melanoma tumors
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Caractérisation des fonctions bromodomaine dépendantes des complexes mSWI/SNF dans les cancers du sein
No full textLe dérèglement de l'activité des facteurs épigénétiques est une caractéristique commune à plusieurs cancers humains. En effet, les complexes de remodelage de la chromatine de la famille SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable chez les mammifères (mSWI/SNF) sont parmi les complexes protéiques les plus mutés dans les cancers humains avec environ 20% des patients cancéreux possédant au moins une sous-unité affectée. Chez l'homme, trois types de complexes mSWI/SNF ont été définis, à savoir les complexes BAF, PBAF et ncBAF. Ces complexes de remodelage de la chromatine dépendant de l'ATP remodèlent les nucléosomes et modulent la transcription. Pour ce faire, ils possèdent de nombreuses sous-unités avec des domaines de liaison à l'ADN et aux protéines tels que le bromodomaine (BRD). Les BRDs sont les principaux lecteurs de la modification post-traductionnelle qu'est l'acétylation de la lysine (Kac) et sont récemment apparus comme des cibles thérapeutiques prometteuses pour les inhibiteurs de petites molécules. Une caractéristique distinctive clé des complexes mSWI/SNF est leur capacité à inclure ou à exclure des sous-unités contenant le BRD. En tant que tel, nous avons cherché à découvrir les rôles fonctionnels des cinq sous-unités mSWI/SNF possédant un ou plusieurs BRDs. Ainsi, j'ai dans une première étude, cartographié l'interactome des sous-unités à BRDs des complexes mSWI/SNF en utilisant la biotinylation de proximité (BioID) couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (MS). Par la suite, en utilisant l'outil d'édition génomique, le CRISPR/Cas9, j'ai exploré comment l'ablation génétique d'une sous-unité à BRD réorganise les complexes mSWI/SNF à l'aide de l'approche de BioID couplée à la MS. Les résultats révèlent que la perte de la sous-unité BRD7 induit la formation d'un complexe PBAF résiduel sans l'inclusion de la sous-unité PBRM1 mais que cette perte a aussi des impacts sur le bien être des cellules et sur leurs sensibilités à certaines molécules anti-cancéreuses. La perte de BRD7 par translocation chromosomique étant souvent observée dans les cancers invasifs, j'ai dans une deuxième étude, montré que les outils de biotinylation de proximité pouvaient être utilisés dans les lignées cancéreuses afin d'investiguer un interactome protéique et ceci sans que ces outils n'impactent la composition de l'interactome obtenu. Cette étude a également montré que l'approche utilisée respecte la variabilité de l'interactome des récepteurs hormonaux en fonction du de la lignée cellulaire étudiée. La suite de cette étude permettrait de déterminer en utilisant des lignées de cancers invasifs du sein ayant une perte de BRD7 (par translocation chromosomique de BRD7 ou par CRISPR/Cas9) si les impacts observés dans les lignées HEK293 sont reproductibles. Mon document de thèse laisse entrevoir la possibilité que le protocole utilisé puisse permettre de révéler l'impact de la perte de BRD7 dans les cancers lobulaires infiltrants (CLIs) du sein et ainsi caractériser si les conséquences de cette perte peuvent être exploité dans le but de déterminer des thérapies ciblées pour les CLIs résistants aux traitements actuels.The disruption of epigenetic factor activity is a common feature of many human cancers. Indeed, the mammalian SWItch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable family of chromatin remodeling complexes (mSWI/SNF) are among the most mutated protein complexes in human cancers with approximately 20% of cancer patients having at least one affected subunit. In humans, three types of mSWI/SNF complexes have been defined, namely BAF, PBAF and ncBAF. These ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling complexes remodel nucleosomes and modulate transcription. To do so, they have numerous subunits with DNA and protein binding domains such as the bromodomain (BRD). BRDs are key readers of the post-translational modification lysine acetylation (Kac) and have recently emerged as promising therapeutic targets for small molecule inhibitors. A key distinguishing feature of mSWI/SNF complexes is their ability to include or exclude BRD-containing subunits. As such, we sought to discover the functional roles of the five mSWI/SNF subunits possessing one or more BRDs. Thus, in a first study, I mapped the interactome of the BRDs-containing subunits of the mSWI/SNF complexes using proximity biotinylation (BioID) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS). Subsequently, using the genomic editing tool, CRISPR/Cas9, I explored how genetic ablation of a BRD subunit reorganizes mSWI/SNF complexes using the MS-coupled BioID approach. The results reveal that the loss of the BRD7 subunit induces the formation of a residual PBAF complex without the inclusion of the PBRM1 subunit, but that this loss also impacts on the cells' well-being and their sensitivities to certain anti-cancer molecules. As the loss of BRD7 by chromosomal translocation is often observed in invasive cancers, I showed in a second study that proximity biotinylation tools could be used in cancer lines to investigate a protein interactome without impacting the composition of the resulting interactome. This study also showed that the approach used respects the variability of the hormone receptor interactome depending on the cell line studied. The next step in this study would be to determine whether the impacts observed in the HEK293 lines are reproducible using invasive breast cancer lines with loss of BRD7 (by chromosomal translocation of BRD7 or by CRISPR/Cas9). My thesis paper suggests that the protocol used may reveal the impact of BRD7 loss in infiltrating lobular breast cancer (ILBC) and thus characterize whether the consequences of this loss can be exploited to determine targeted therapies for ILBC resistant to current treatments
- …
