196,829 research outputs found
Early response to trazodone once-A-day in major depressive disorder: Review of the clinical data and putative mechanism for faster onset of action
No full textBackground Most antidepressants have a delayed onset of action and must be administered for several weeks to generate therapeutic effects. Trazodone is a serotonin antagonist and reuptake inhibitor approved for the treatment of major depressive disorder. The once-A-day (OAD) formulation of trazodone has an improved tolerability profile compared to its conventional formulations. In this study, we systematically reviewed the evidence available for the antidepressant efficacy and early improvement in depressive symptoms with trazodone OAD treatment. Method We conducted a PubMed database search for randomized controlled trials published from 2005 to 2020. Results Two studies, a placebo-controlled and an active-comparator (venlafaxine extended-release or XR) study were found. Both the studies demonstrated that trazodone exhibits antidepressant activity at a starting dose of 150Â mg/day and results in statistically significant greater reduction in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D17) scores within 1Â week of starting treatment compared to placebo or venlafaxine XR (PA
Early diagnosis and treatment in a child with foodborne botulism
No full textIntroduction Foodborne botulism is a neuroparalytic disease caused by ingestion of food contaminated with botulinum toxins. Despite rare the mortality rate is high if untreated. Diagnosis of botulism is still a challenge for clinician, due to the variability of clinical manifestations and disease course. We report on a child with type B botulin intoxication who was early diagnosed and treated underlining that clinical suspicion is crucial to start prompt treatment. Case presentation An 11-year-old boy presented with bilateral ptosis and mydriasis, dry mouth, difficulty in swallowing, dysphonia, urine retention and constipation. Clear sensorium and no fever were observed. Immediately the suspicion of botulism was risen and botulinum antitoxin was administered. 3 days later serum and rectal samples tested positive for Clostridium botulinum. The patient completely recovered when discharged from hospital. Discussion Foodborne botulism is still possible in developed countries. The confirmation test of botulism requires some days. To avoid long delays between intoxication and diagnosis prompt clinical suspicion is thus crucial. The outcome depends on rapid implementation of appropriate management with intensive respiratory care and antitoxin administration
Cooperating Agents for 3D Scientific Data Interpretation
No full textMany organizations collect vast quantities of three-dimensional (3-D) scientific data in volumetric form for a range of purposes, including resource exploration, market forecasting, and process modelling. Traditionally, these data have been interpreted by human experts with only minimal software assistance. However, such manual interpretation is a painstakingly slow and tedious process. Moreover, since interpretation involves subjective judgements and each interpreter has different scientific knowledge and experience, formulation of an effective interpretation often requires the cooperation of numerous such experts. Hence, there is a pressing need for a software system in which individual interpretations can be generated automatically and then refined through the use of cooperative reasoning and information sharing. To this end, a prototype system, SurfaceMapper, has been developed in which a community of cooperating software agents automatically locate and display interpretations in a volume of 3-D scientific data. The challenges and experiences in designing and building such a system are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to the agents' interactions and an empirical evaluation of the effectiveness of different cooperation strategies is presented
Efficient folding of the FcεRI α-chain membrane-proximal domain D2 depends on the presence of the N-terminal domain D1
No full textHuman high affinity receptor for IgE is a membrane glycoprotein multi-chain complex presenting two extracellular Ig modules in its α-chain (D1D2). The receptor IgE binding region is located within the membrane-proximal module D2, while the N-terminal module D1 appears to promote an optimal receptor conformation for IgE binding. To understand the structural relationship between the two modules, we dissected FcεRI α-chain into its discrete Ig units and expressed them in mammalian cells. Unexpectedly, D2 was secreted as a disulphide-linked dimer, while D1 was monomeric. Active secretion and full glycosylation of dimeric D2 suggest a native-like conformation of the protein, justifying the escape from the endoplasmic reticulum/Golgi quality control systems. We then propose a domain-swapping model for D2, in which two interdigitated polypeptide chains assume the overall conformation of two Ig modules, as observed for rat CD2 N-terminal domain. Fusion of an unrelated Ig fold moiety at the N terminus of D2 did not interfere with its dimerisation. While D1D2 assumes a correct fold, co-expression of both isolated domains in the same cell did not restore monomeric folding of D2. Thus, D1 appears to assist the appropriate folding of FcεRI α-chain, acting as an uncleavable intramolecular chaperone-like block towards D2. © 2002 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved
A Position Sensitive Superheated Emulsion Chamber for Three-Dimensional Photon Dosimetry
No full textStructure of (+) - (S)-1,3-Dimethyl-6-oxiranyl-2,4-pyrimidinedione showing anti-ASFV activity
No full textDr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
2-substituted 3-aryl- and 3-heteroarylindoles by the palladium-catalyzed reaction of o-trifluoroacetanilides with aryl bromides and triflates
No full textThe palladium-catalyzed reaction of aryl and heteroaryl bromides and triflates with o-alkynyltrifluoroacetanilides affords 2-substituted 3-aryl- and heteroarylindoles usually in excellent yield. The procedure can be applied to the synthesis of 2-substituted indole-3-carboxaldehydes
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Purification, crystallization, X-ray diffraction analysis and phasing of a Fab fragment of monoclonal neuroantibody alphaD11 against nerve growth factor
No full textThe rat monoclonal neuroantibody alphaD11 is a potent antagonist that prevents the binding of nerve growth factor (NGF) to its tyrosine kinase A receptor (TrkA) in a variety of systems, most notably in two in vivo systems linked to crucial pathological states, such as Alzheimer's disease and HIV infection. To provide further insights into the mechanism of action of this potentially therapeutic monoclonal antibody, structural studies of the antigen-binding fragment (Fab) of alphaD11 were performed. alphaD11 IgG2a immunoglobulin was obtained from hybridomas by in vitro tissue culture. The alphaD11 Fab crystallizes in two crystal forms. Form I belongs to space group P1, with unit-cell parameters a = 42.7, b = 50.6, c = 102.7 A, alpha = 82.0, beta = 89.1, gamma = 86.0 degrees. With two molecules in the asymmetric unit, V(M) is 2.3 A(3) Da(-1) and the solvent content is 46%. A complete data set has been collected at 2.7 A resolution on beamline XRD-1 (ELETTRA, Trieste, Italy). Form II belongs to space group C2, with unit-cell parameters a = 114.8, b = 69.4, c = 64.10 A, beta = 117.0 degrees. With one molecule in the asymmetric unit, V(M) is 2.4 A(3) Da(-1) and the solvent content is 48%. A complete data set has been collected at 1.7 A resolution on beamline ID14-1 (ESRF, Grenoble, France). Phasing was successfully performed by Patterson search techniques and refinement of the structures is currently under way. Crystal forms I and II display a close-packing pattern
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