1,720,960 research outputs found
Strong Rabin numbers of folded hypercubes
No full textThe strong Rabin number of a network W of connectivity k is the minimum l so that for any k +1
nodes s, d1, d2, . . . , dk of W, there exist k node-disjoint paths from s to d1, d2, . . . , dk, respectively,
whose maximal length is not greater than l, where s /â {d1, d2, . . . , dk} and d1, d2, . . . , dk are not
necessarily distinct. In this paper, we show that the strong Rabin number of a k-dimensional folded
hypercube is k/2 + 1, where k/2 is the diameter of the k-dimensional folded hypercube. Each
node-disjoint path we obtain has length not greater than the distance between the two end nodes plus
two. This paper solves an open problem raised by Liaw and Chang
The Study of the Adoption of Tea Innovation Technology on Tea Farmers’ Needs
No full text近三十年來茶業改良場已推廣約十七種茶業創新技術，為讓更多茶農願意採用及主動學習更多創新技術，從茶農需要面探討茶業創新技術採用，應是茶業相關輔導單位亟需重視及完善解決的課題。本研究的目的有三項：(1) 彙整及分析茶改場近30年來研發推廣之茶業創新技術類別及其對茶業發展之影響；(2) 探討茶改場研究人員及茶農對茶業創新技術需要的互動狀況、採用新技術後對茶農茶業經營之影響及因應狀況等；(3) 根據研究結果提出茶業創新技術的傳播狀況、有利及障礙因素、與相關建議等。
本研究並用量化分析及質化分析方法，獲致七項結論，分述如下：
一、茶農對『製造高品質茶葉』相關技術及資訊之需求最高。
二、茶農認為「可以節省成本或提高茶葉品質、能夠解決他們的問題、可以擴展茶知識與技能的創新技術」才是最符合他們需要的。
三、研究單位在對茶農介紹或推廣創新技術服務時，內容不應侷限在創新技術，亦應包含有關市場行銷管理方面的資訊或知識。
四、茶農已能明白判斷是否採用農政單位所推廣的茶業創新技術，並在採用修正後伺機轉告相關單位研究人員或其他茶農。
五、茶農採用新技術的過程符合一定的經濟規律，即在利潤最大化的前提下選擇先進適用的農業技術。
六、茶改場研究人員應隨時多瞭解茶農需要或亟待解決的問題，主動關切這些問題是否已解決，才能讓茶農更願意採用農政單位推廣的創新技術。
七、爾後茶改場在實施試驗研究計畫時，應採用「農民參與式創新」理論基礎，重視茶農已在使用的本土知識及慎重考量茶農的參與。In the past 30 years the Tea Research & Extension Station (TRES) has developed processes of innovative technologies of tea growing & manufacturing. The wide adoption of the technologies based on tea farmers’ need remains the responsibilities and challenges of the agency. The objectives of this study are: (1) to compile and analyze the development of technologies by TRES and the impact on the tea industry; (2) to examine the interaction between innovation and the demand for the new technologies by the tea farmers, and the result of the use of the new practices; and (3) to propose better communication for promoting the techniques by identifying the barriers and more effective methods of reaching out to the tea farmers.
This study utilizes combined quantitative and qualitative analysis to reach the following conclusions.
1. Tea farmers tend to show the highest demand for the technologies and information related to products of high quality.
2. Tea farmers’ most urgent needs are lower cost or improved quality, solving problems they face with production, and enhancement of knowledge and skills.
3. While the research institutes introduce or endorse new technologies, they should expand their activities to include marketing and information technology in the tea business.
4. Tea farmers are capable of making decisions of implementing the new technologies developed by agricultural service agencies. They also provide feedback to the organizations involved and to other tea farmers for improvement.
5. Tea farmers adopting the new technologies have sufficient knowledge in economics to select the ones that will maximize the profits.
6. The TRES’s researchers should actively engage tea farmers to understand what they need and what problems they face on a regular basis and follow up to track progress. Then the farmers will be more willing to try the new technologies.
7. The future research project conducted by TRES should involve the farmers proactively because they have the first-hand knowledge and stake in using the new technologies
Routing Functions-an Effective Approach to Deriving One-to-Many Disjoint Paths
No full textThis paper introduces a new concept called routing functions, which have a close relation to one-to-many
disjoint paths in networks. By using a minimal routing function, a maximal number of disjoint paths whose
maximal length is minimized in the worst case can be constructed in the hypercube and the folded hypercube.
The end nodes of the paths constructed for the hypercube are not necessarily distinct. As a byproduct, the
strong Rabin number of the hypercube and the Rabin number of the folded hypercube are computed. The
latter provides a solution to an open problem raised by Liaw and Chang. A maximal number of disjoint
paths whose total length is minimized can also be constructed in the hypercube by the use of a routing
function
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
