1,721,007 research outputs found
Frutos secos en Chile y Cuyo. Nogales, almendros y castaños (1700-1850)
Get PDFNo marco da história da fruticultura chilena, este texto está focalizado nas plantas de
frutas secas (nogueiras, amendoeiras e castanheiras). A partir de documentos originais inéditos
(testamentos, inventários e taxações de bens) identificou-se a presença destas plantas no Chile
e em Cuyo. A lentidão do crescimento da nogueira, e o florescimento antecipado da amendoeira
(julho) geravam problemas para o cultivo destas plantas. Porém, os preços elevados no mercado
de nozes e amêndoas motivaram os fruticultores chilenos. De maneira geral, as nogueiras eram
cultivadas em maior número de unidades produtivas, mas em pouca quantidade. Contrariamente,
as amendoeiras eram cultivadas em menor número de pomares, mas em grandes cultivos, que
atingiam milhares de plantas. Apesar de suas diferenças, as amendoeiras, as nogueiras e, em
menor medida, as castanheiras contribuíram para fortalecer, no Chile a cultura da pequena
propriedade, a agricultura intensiva e a agroindústria.En el marco de la historia de la fruticultura chilena, el presente artículo se
focaliza en las plantas de frutos secos (nogales, almendros y castaños). A partir
de documentos originales inéditos (testamentos, inventarios y tasaciones de
bienes) se identificó la presencia de estas plantas en Chile y Cuyo. La lentitud de
crecimiento del nogal, y el florecimiento temprano del almendro (julio) generaban
problemas para el cultivo de estas plantas. No obstante, los altos precios de
mercado de nueces y almendras motivaron a los fruticultores chilenos. Por lo
general, los nogales se cultivaban en mayor número de unidades productivas,
pero en poca cantidad. En cambio los almendros eran cultivados en menor
numero de chacras, pero en grandes almendrales, que llegaban a cientos y
miles de plantas. Más allá de sus diferencias, los almendros, los nogales y, en
menor medida, los castaños contribuyeron a fortalecer en Chile la cultura de la
pequeña propiedad, la agricultura intensiva y la agroindustria.The present study focuses on plants that produce nuts (walnut, almond,
and chestnut). The identification of these species in Chile and Cuyo was done
through original and unpublished documents (testaments, inventories and
appraisals). The slow growth of walnuts and early bloom of almonds (July) were
limitations for their cultivation. Nevertheless, they were widely planted due to
their high selling price. Generally, walnuts were planted in a large number of
farms, but in small numbers. The opposite was true for almonds, which could
reach thousand of plants per farm. These species together with chestnuts helped
establish the small and intensive farming as well as the agro-industry in Chile
and Cuyo
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
El queso de Tafí del Valle y el despertar de la cultura del queso en Argentina
No full textThis article examines the genesis, identity and evolution cheese Tafi del Valle (Tucuman, Argentina). Originally it was a mountain cured cheese, made with milk from cows, sheep and-or both; then a variety spiced with chili developed. In the nineteenth century it was positioned as a quality product in the River Plate markets and arrived at the presidential table. It is concluded that this was the first typical cheese origin of Argentina and, together with cheese Chanco (Chile), led the cheese-making culture in the Southern Cone of America.Este artículo examina la génesis, identidad y evolución del queso de Tafí del Valle (Tucumán, Argentina). Se detecta que en sus orígenes era un queso curado de montaña, elaborado con leches de vaca, oveja y/o ambas; luego se desarrolló una variedad condimentada con ají. En el siglo XIX se posicionó como producto de calidad en los mercados rioplatenses y llegó a la mesa presidencial. Se concluye que este fue el primer queso típico de origen de la Argentina y, junto con el queso de Chanco (Chile), lideró la cultura quesera en el Cono Sur de América
El Malbec de Francia: la Denominación de Origen Controlada Cahors. Historia y perspectivas
No full textLa Denominación de Origen Controlada de "Cahors" asombró al mundo vitivinícola en 2007 cuando tomó la decisión de adoptar el Malbec como emblema de su imagen corporativa. El significado de esta medida fue romper la tradición de la viticultura europea, centrada en el terroir y adoptar la estrategia del Nuevo Mundo Vitivinícola, focalizada en el varietal. La DOC Cahors puso en marcha una vía intermedia que se apoya tanto en el varietal como en la cultura y el patrimonio vitivinícola. El artículo examina la vitivinicultura de Cahors, cuna del Malbec, desde una perspectiva histórica, desde la Antigüedad romana hasta nuestros días como bases culturales de su estrategia actual. El tema es relevante en la viticultura del Cono Sur, donde el Malbec ocupa un papel significativo: Argentina (34.000 hectáreas) es el primer productor mundial y Chile (1.900 hectáreas) es el tercero.The Cahors Apellation of Origin stunned the wine world in 2007 when he decided to take the Malbec as an emblem of their corporate image. The significance of this decision was to break the tradition of European viticulture, terroir-focused and to join the New World Wine strategy, focused on varietal. AOC Cahors launched a middle way that supports both strain and wine culture and heritage. The article examines the wine of Cahors, the birthplace of Malbec, from a historical perspective, from Roman antiquity to the present day for the cultural basis of its current strategy. The issue is relevant in viticulture of South America, where the Malbecplays a significant role: Argentina (34,000hectares) is the world's largestproducer and Chile (1,900 hectares) is the third
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