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Constitutionalism
No full textThe idea of constitutionalism—like the ideas of state, government, democracy, power, and law to which it is very closely related—goes right to the heart of some of the very biggest questions about how we can live together. Where individuals coexist in any social group—a family, tribe, or nation state, or as citizens in a wider global order—there are all sorts of issues about the terms on which they come together and stay together, how rules are made to keep order within the group, and how the group will react to outsiders and adapt to change. There are also issues over how order is maintained, and how disputes over the application of rules are dealt with. In addition, there are questions about how individual and group aspirations are reflected in the arrangements for living together, and whether and how those who take different views are to be protected from domination by more powerful groups—whether these be simply the majority or those who exercise most power in reality
Executive Privilege
No full textThis encyclopaedia entry is a detailed comparative law analysis of the evolution and operation of the constitutional law principle of executive privilege. It examines this constitutional law principle in four common law jurisdictions: the UK, the US, Australia and Canada. It addresses Crown privilege, public interest immunity, state secrets privilege and evidentiary privilege. And in doing so addresses the role of the executive and its relationship with the legislature and the judiciary, and thus the separation of powers
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