1,720,965 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Effect of ventilatory pressure support during exercise on lower limb muscle fatigue and endurance in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
No full textParmi les traitements recommandés dans la Broncho pneumopathie Chronique obstructive, la réhabilitation respiratoire a montré une efficacité indéniable pour diminuer la dyspnée et améliorer la qualité de vie. Pourtant, les patients les plus sévères n'ont pas la possibilité de réaliser un effort suffisant pour induire une adaptation physiologique. L'ajout d'une ventilation non invasive (VNI) pendant les efforts, permet d’augmenter l’endurance à l’exercice, de diminuer la dyspnée. Son utilisation au cours d'une réhabilitation respiratoire permet une augmentation de la charge d'entrainement. Cependant la sélection des patients pouvant bénéficier le plus de la VNI à l’exercice reste empirique.La question est donc de discriminer les patients qui s'améliorent le plus lors d'un effort avec la VNI en utilisant un test simple, réalisable en pratique courante et de chercher un lien potentiel entre efficacité de la VNI et augmentation de la charge de travail pendant la réhabilitation.Dans une première étude, à l'aide du test simple de maintien d’une extension du genou contre résistance réalisé après un exercice de pédalage, nous avons montré que l'application d'une VNI au cours de l'effort permettait de diminuer la fatigue musculaire du quadriceps. Nous avons également trouvé qu'un tiers des patients ne présentaient pas d'amélioration de la fatigue musculaire avec VNI, suggérant que ce test pouvait servir à discriminer les patients pouvant bénéficier de l'entrainement avec VNI.Dans une deuxième étude, nous avons entrainé avec une VNI, des patients BPCO sévères présentant une limitation ventilatoire à l'effort afin de montrer un lien entre charge d'entrainement et efficacité de la VNI pour améliorer l’endurance du quadriceps. Nous avons confirmé les premiers résultats de la première étude et montré que l'entrainement avec VNI permettait d'augmenter la durée des efforts avec ou sans aide inspiratoire et que l'effet de prévention de la fatigue post-exercice avec VNI persistait après entraînement. Nous n'avons pas retrouvé de relation entre efficacité de la VNI et charge d'entrainement.Nos travaux suggèrent que la diminution du travail respiratoire avec VNI à l’exercice a un effet sur la performance des muscles périphériques et que cet effet persiste après réhabilitation respiratoire.Among the treatments recommended in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), respiratory rehabilitation has shown undeniable effectiveness in reducing dyspnea and improving quality of life. However, the most severe patients do not have the possibility to make sufficient effort to induce physiological adaptation. The addition of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) during efforts, allows increasing exercise endurance and decreasing dyspnea. Its use during respiratory rehabilitation allows an increase of the training load. However, the selection of patients who can benefit the most from NIV during exercise remains empirical.The question is therefore to discriminate the patients who improve the most during an effort with NIV using a simple test achievable in current practice and to seek after a relationship between the NIV-induced prevention of post-exercise quadriceps fatigue and the training load during the PR program with the adjunct of noninvasive ventilation.In a first study, using a simple test of knee extension maintenance against resistance carried out after a cycling exercise, we showed that the application of NIV during exercise reduced quadriceps muscle fatigue. We also found that one third of the patients did not show an improvement in muscle fatigue with NIV, suggesting that this test could be used to discriminate between patients who could benefit from NIV training.In a second study, we trained severe COPD patients with ventilatory effort limitation with NIV to show a link between training load and the effectiveness of NIV in improving quadriceps endurance. We confirmed the initial results of the first study and showed that training with NIV increased the duration of effort with or without inspiratory support and that the prevention effect of post-exercise fatigue with NIV persisted after training. We did not find a relationship between NIV effectiveness and training load.Our work suggests that the decrease in respiratory work with NIV during exercise has an effect on peripheral muscle performance and that this effect persists after respiratory rehabilitation
Effet de l'assistance ventilatoire pendant l'exercice sur la fatigue et l'endurance musculaire des membres inférieurs chez le patient atteint de Broncho-Pneumopathie Chronique Obstructive
No full textAmong the treatments recommended in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), respiratory rehabilitation has shown undeniable effectiveness in reducing dyspnea and improving quality of life. However, the most severe patients do not have the possibility to make sufficient effort to induce physiological adaptation. The addition of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) during efforts, allows increasing exercise endurance and decreasing dyspnea. Its use during respiratory rehabilitation allows an increase of the training load. However, the selection of patients who can benefit the most from NIV during exercise remains empirical.The question is therefore to discriminate the patients who improve the most during an effort with NIV using a simple test achievable in current practice and to seek after a relationship between the NIV-induced prevention of post-exercise quadriceps fatigue and the training load during the PR program with the adjunct of noninvasive ventilation.In a first study, using a simple test of knee extension maintenance against resistance carried out after a cycling exercise, we showed that the application of NIV during exercise reduced quadriceps muscle fatigue. We also found that one third of the patients did not show an improvement in muscle fatigue with NIV, suggesting that this test could be used to discriminate between patients who could benefit from NIV training.In a second study, we trained severe COPD patients with ventilatory effort limitation with NIV to show a link between training load and the effectiveness of NIV in improving quadriceps endurance. We confirmed the initial results of the first study and showed that training with NIV increased the duration of effort with or without inspiratory support and that the prevention effect of post-exercise fatigue with NIV persisted after training. We did not find a relationship between NIV effectiveness and training load.Our work suggests that the decrease in respiratory work with NIV during exercise has an effect on peripheral muscle performance and that this effect persists after respiratory rehabilitation.Parmi les traitements recommandés dans la Broncho pneumopathie Chronique obstructive, la réhabilitation respiratoire a montré une efficacité indéniable pour diminuer la dyspnée et améliorer la qualité de vie. Pourtant, les patients les plus sévères n'ont pas la possibilité de réaliser un effort suffisant pour induire une adaptation physiologique. L'ajout d'une ventilation non invasive (VNI) pendant les efforts, permet d’augmenter l’endurance à l’exercice, de diminuer la dyspnée. Son utilisation au cours d'une réhabilitation respiratoire permet une augmentation de la charge d'entrainement. Cependant la sélection des patients pouvant bénéficier le plus de la VNI à l’exercice reste empirique.La question est donc de discriminer les patients qui s'améliorent le plus lors d'un effort avec la VNI en utilisant un test simple, réalisable en pratique courante et de chercher un lien potentiel entre efficacité de la VNI et augmentation de la charge de travail pendant la réhabilitation.Dans une première étude, à l'aide du test simple de maintien d’une extension du genou contre résistance réalisé après un exercice de pédalage, nous avons montré que l'application d'une VNI au cours de l'effort permettait de diminuer la fatigue musculaire du quadriceps. Nous avons également trouvé qu'un tiers des patients ne présentaient pas d'amélioration de la fatigue musculaire avec VNI, suggérant que ce test pouvait servir à discriminer les patients pouvant bénéficier de l'entrainement avec VNI.Dans une deuxième étude, nous avons entrainé avec une VNI, des patients BPCO sévères présentant une limitation ventilatoire à l'effort afin de montrer un lien entre charge d'entrainement et efficacité de la VNI pour améliorer l’endurance du quadriceps. Nous avons confirmé les premiers résultats de la première étude et montré que l'entrainement avec VNI permettait d'augmenter la durée des efforts avec ou sans aide inspiratoire et que l'effet de prévention de la fatigue post-exercice avec VNI persistait après entraînement. Nous n'avons pas retrouvé de relation entre efficacité de la VNI et charge d'entrainement.Nos travaux suggèrent que la diminution du travail respiratoire avec VNI à l’exercice a un effet sur la performance des muscles périphériques et que cet effet persiste après réhabilitation respiratoire
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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