364 research outputs found
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No full textDetecting pathogens and mounting immune responses upon infection is crucial for animal health. However, these responses come at a high metabolic price (McKean and Lazzaro, 2011, Kominsky et al., 2010), and avoiding pathogens before infection may be advantageous. The bacterial endotoxins lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are important immune system infection cues (Abbas et al., 2014), but it remains unknown whether animals possess sensory mechanisms to detect them prior to infection. Here we show that Drosophila melanogaster display strong aversive responses to LPS and that gustatory neurons expressing Gr66a bitter receptors mediate avoidance of LPS in feeding and egg laying assays. We found the expression of the chemosensory cation channel dTRPA1 in these cells to be necessary and sufficient for LPS avoidance. Furthermore, LPS stimulates Drosophila neurons in a TRPA1-dependent manner and activates exogenous dTRPA1 channels in human cells. Our findings demonstrate that flies detect bacterial endotoxins via a gustatory pathway through TRPA1 activation as conserved molecular mechanism.sponsorship: Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie Alessia Soldano Luis Franco Guangda Liu Natalia Mora Emre Yaksi Bassem A Hassanr Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0702.12 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0077.15 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0680.10 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0681.10 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0503.12 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0654.15 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0761.10N Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0596.12 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek G.0565.07 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Alejandro Lopez-Requena Natalia Mora Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar KU Leuven GOA/14/011 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Luis Franco Alejandro Lopez-Requena Guangda Liu Natalia Mora Emre Yaksi Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar European Commission IUAP P7/13 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Luis Franco Alejandro Lopez-Requena Guangda Liu Natalia Mora Emre Yaksi Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekensr KU Leuven OT/12/091 Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Luis Franco Alejandro Lopez-Requena Guangda Liu Natalia Mora Emre Yaksi Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talaverar KU Leuven PF-TRPLe Alessia Soldano Yeranddy A Alpizar Brett Boonen Luis Franco Alejandro Lopez-Requena Guangda Liu Natalia Mora Emre Yaksi Thomas Voets Rudi Vennekens Bassem A Hassan Karel Talavera (Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0702.12, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0077.15, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0680.10, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0681.10, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0503.12, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0654.15, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0761.10N, Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek|G.0596.12, KU Leuven|GOA/14/011, KU Leuven|OT/12/091, European Commission|IUAP P7/13, KU Leuven PF-TRPLe)status: Publishe
Fundamenta Et Deductiones Eorum, Quae in Discursu succincte prolata, & Eruditis Scrupulum relinquere poterant, inter mille occupationes rudi Minerva congesta
No full textFUNDAMENTA ET DEDUCTIONES EORUM, QUAE IN DISCURSU SUCCINCTE PROLATA, & ERUDITIS SCRUPULUM RELINQUERE POTERANT, INTER MILLE OCCUPATIONES RUDI MINERVA CONGESTA
Fundamenta Et Deductiones Eorum, Quae in Discursu succincte prolata, & Eruditis Scrupulum relinquere poterant, inter mille occupationes rudi Minerva congesta ([1])
Titelseite ([1])
Text (1)
Zugabe (52)
Additio ([1])
Verzeichnuß der ienigen Bücher oder Tractätlein die ich bißhero hab in den Truck kommen lassen ([5])
Ad Lectorem. Praeter Errata Typographica ... ([5])
Zur Nachricht ([6]
Aplikasi Hydropuls Pada Rehabilitasi Sumur Air Tanah (Studi Kasus Rehabilitasi Sumur Air Tanah Bogor)
No full textPaper yang saya presentasikan pada Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan Ke-5 Perhimpunan Ahli Air Tanah Indonesia (PIT PAAI KE-5) 2021.
Judul : Aplikasi Hydropuls Pada Rehabilitasi Sumur Air Tanah (Studi Kasus Rehabilitasi Sumur Air Tanah Bogor)
Author : Sangka Aryawicaksona, Azwar Satrya Muhammad, Rudi Sunanda
Aplikasi Hydropuls Pada Rehabilitasi Sumur Air Tanah (Studi Kasus Rehabilitasi Sumur Air Tanah Bogor)
No full textPaper yang saya presentasikan pada Pertemuan Ilmiah Tahunan Ke-5 Perhimpunan Ahli Air Tanah Indonesia (PIT PAAI KE-5) 2021.
Judul : Aplikasi Hydropuls Pada Rehabilitasi Sumur Air Tanah (Studi Kasus Rehabilitasi Sumur Air Tanah Bogor)
Author : Sangka Aryawicaksona, Azwar Satrya Muhammad, Rudi Sunanda
The Rudi Carrell Affair and its Significance for the Tension between Theoterrorism and Religious Satire
No full textThis article treats a largely forgotten or unknown episode in recent German and Dutch history, namely the intimidation of the Dutch‐German showmaster Rudi Carrell by representatives of the Iranian spiritual leader Ayatollah Khomeini in 1987. The author tries to analyze some of the moral and political dilemmas involved in this affair and makes some comparisons with later events, such as the fatwa on Salman Rushdie or the Cartoon Affair as featured in the latest satirical film by the Coptic Christian Nakoula Basseley Nakoula
Portrait head of Dr. Salomo Friedlaender-Mynona (1871 - 1946).
No full textFrontal view, concise and expressionist.Frontal view, concise and expressionist.Salomo Friedlaender was a German philosopher, poet, satirist and author. He published his literary work under the pseudonym Mynona which is the German word for “anonymous” spelled backward. Salomo Friedlaender died in 1946 in Paris.Rudi Lesser was born in Berlin on July 12, 1902. After attending the academy of the Kunstgewerbemuseum Berlin 1919-1923, he studied under Hans Meid at the Akademie der Künste (Academy of Arts, Berlin) and under Klaus Richter in Koenigsberg (then Prussia). He fled Nazi-Germany in 1933. Between 1946 and 1956 he lived in the United States, exhibiting his artwork and working as a docent at Howard University in Washington, D.C. Rudi Lesser died in Berlin on March 1, 1988
Reassessment of stopping power ratio uncertainties caused by mean excitation energies using a water‐based formalism
No full textPURPOSE: In proton therapy planning, the accuracy of the Stopping Power Ratios (SPR) calculated in the stoichiometric CT calibration is affected by, among others, uncertainties on the mean excitation energies (I-values) of human tissues and water. Traditionally, the contribution of these uncertainties on the SPR has been conservatively estimated of the order of 1% or more for a reference tissue of known composition. This study provides a methodology that enables a finer estimation of this uncertainty, eventually showing that the traditional estimates of the uncertainty are too conservative. METHODS: Since human tissues contain water, a correlation exists between the I-values of tissues and water. As the SPR is the ratio of the tissue stopping power to that of water, this correlation decreases the uncertainty of the SPR. Our formalism considers this by expressing the I-value of the tissue as a function of the water weight fraction and the I-value of water, while applying Bragg's additivity rule only to the nonaqueous mixture of the tissue. For 22 reference tissue compositions, the SPR uncertainty was estimated by randomly sampling Gaussian distributions, based on ICRU data, for the I-values of water and the nonaqueous mixture, as well as for the water weight fraction. RESULTS: The relative standard deviation of the SPR, estimated at 150 MeV, is in the range of 0.1%-0.3% for soft tissues with an average water weight percentage of at least 60%. For tissues with a low water content (e.g., adipose and bones), this uncertainty is in the range of 0.5%-0.7%. CONCLUSION: Uncertainties on the I-values of human tissues and water appear to have a significantly lower impact on the SPR uncertainty than traditionally expected. In the future, this may provide a rationale for using smaller distal and proximal margins on the target volume, provided that all other range uncertainty components are correctly estimated too.sponsorship: This work has been supported by a research grant from IBA S.A. (Belgium). Dr. Labarbe and Mr. Vander Stappen are employees of IBA S.A. (IBA S.A. (Belgium))status: Publishe
The journey of the beautiful Vida motif from Ivan Cankar to Matjaž Kmecl and Rudi Šeligo
No full textRazprava se ukvarja z zanimivim delom še precej neraziskanega dramskega opusa Matjaža Kmecla, v katerem avtor variira slovenski mitični motiv lepe Vide. Analizira njegovo monodramo Lepa Vida ali problem svetega Ožbalta, s katero avtor vstopi v dialoški odnos z nizom slovenskih avtorjev in avtoric, ki v svojih delih interpretirajo ta ključen mit v slovenski literaturi. Igra je »nekakšno nadaljevanje Cankarjeve Lepe Vide« (Kmecl), ki pa je razumljeno predvsem kot občasno sklicevanje na motiviko. Po eni strani nas bo zanimalo razmerje Kmeclove Lepe Vide do Cankarjevega »izhodiščnega« besedila, po drugi strani pa se bomo posvetili dvema interpretacijama motiva lepe Vide v 1970-ih letih, ko sta Matjaž Kmecl in Rudi Šeligo na novo osmislila, reinterpretirala motiv v inovativne izpeljave, ki ju bomo primerjali in umestili v širši kontekst sodobne slovenske drame. Če je bila Cankarjeva Lepa Vida že privid hrepenenja in je imela tudi Šeligova Vida več obrazov ter je pri tem poskušala formalno slediti zgodbi ljudske pesmi, a je z reinterpretacijo lirskega dela ponudila svoje in deloma novo videnje lepe Vide, je prav Kmecl tisti, ki radikalno prekinja slovenski mit ter ga osvobodi Prešernove razklanosti in Cankarjevega hrepenenja.The essay revolves around an intriguing part of the still relatively unexplored dramatic opus of Matjaž Kmecl, in which the author explores the Slovenian mythical motif of the beautiful Vida. The analysis focuses on his monodrama Lepa Vida ali problem svetega Ožbalta (Beautiful Vida or the Problem of Saint Ožbalt), through which the author enters into a dialogical relationship with a series of Slovenian authors who interpret this key myth of Slovenian literature. The play is a specific continuation of Cankar’s Beautiful Vida, primarily through occasional references to the central motif. On the one hand, the essay will explore the relationship between Kmecl’s Beautiful Vida and Cankar’s prototext. On the other hand, attention will be given to two interpretations of the motif of the beautiful Vida in the 1970s, when Matjaž Kmecl and Rudi Šeligo reimagined and reinterpreted it in innovative ways. These interpretations will be compared and placed in the broader context of contemporary Slovenian drama. While Cankar’s Beautiful Vida was already a vision of longing, and Šeligo’s Vida attempts to formally follow the narrative of a folk song but offers its own and partly new vision of Beautiful Vida through the reinterpretation of lyrical work. But it is Kmecl who radically breaks away from the Slovenian myth, freeing it from Prešeren’s dichotomy and Cankar’s longing
Jaroslava Rudiša wariacje na temat pewnego miasta
No full textJaroslav Rudiš’ variations on acityJaroslav Rudiš wrote his novel The Sky under Berlin in the year 2002. Berlin was acity that found its way into his heart for anumber of reasons. Most of all, because it is acity of Central Europe where the West and the East collide. The novel’s protagonist, Petr Bem, escapes Prague for Berlin because he is afraid of responsibility and maturity. Rudiš wrote aliterary rather than atraditional city guide. Berlin is abustling city that has an unusual energy. According to the author, there is athrilling atmosphere of great restlessness emerging in Berlin.Jaroslav Rudiš’ variations on acityJaroslav Rudiš wrote his novel The Sky under Berlin in the year 2002. Berlin was acity that found its way into his heart for anumber of reasons. Most of all, because it is acity of Central Europe where the West and the East collide. The novel’s protagonist, Petr Bem, escapes Prague for Berlin because he is afraid of responsibility and maturity. Rudiš wrote aliterary rather than atraditional city guide. Berlin is abustling city that has an unusual energy. According to the author, there is athrilling atmosphere of great restlessness emerging in Berlin
Model studies of the role of oxygen in the FLASH effect
No full textCurrent radiotherapy facilities are standardized to deliver dose rates around 0.1-0.4 Gy/s in 2 Gy daily fractions, designed to deliver total accumulated doses to reach the tolerance limit of normal tissues undergoing irradiation. FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT), on the other hand, relies on facilities capable of delivering ultrahigh dose rates in large doses in a single microsecond pulse, or in a few pulses given over a very short time sequence. For example, most studies to date have implemented 4-6 MeV electrons with intra-pulse dose rates in the range 106 -107 Gy/s. The proposed dependence of the FLASH effect on oxygen tension has stimulated several theoretical models based on three different hypotheses: (i) Radiation-induced transient oxygen depletion; (ii) cell-specific differences in the ability to detoxify and/or recover from injury caused by reactive oxygen species; (iii) self-annihilation of radicals by bimolecular recombination. This article focuses on the observations supporting or refuting these models in the frame of the chemical-biological bases of the impact of oxygen on the radiation response of cell free, in vitro and in vivo model systems
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