1,720,977 research outputs found
The effects of control measures on the economic burden associated with epidemics of avian influenza in Italy
No full textIn 1999, Italy experienced a devastating
epidemic of high-pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI)
caused by an H7N1 virus subtype. After this epidemic,
a ministerial decree was passed to implement control
measures for low-pathogenicity avian influenza (LPAI)
due to H5 and H7 subtypes. We investigated whether
these control measures have decreased the public expenditure
associated with epidemics of LPAI and HPAI
by comparing the direct and consequential losses of the
1999 epidemic to the losses associated with successive
epidemics. The estimated total economic burden of the
epidemics was about €650 million (€217 million in direct
losses and €433 million in consequential losses).
The 1999 epidemic accounted for most of these losses
(€507 million: €112 million in direct losses and €395
million in consequential losses), whereas the total economic
burden for the 5 successive LPAI was €143 million
(€105 million in direct losses and €38 million in
consequential losses). These results demonstrate that
the implementation of a coordinated set of diseasecontrol
measures, which included both emergency and
prophylactic vaccination, was able to reduce the overall
costs associated with avian influenza epidemics. The
results also show that the application of adequate LPAI
control measures may limit the risk of emergence of an
HPAI virus in an area with a high poultry density, allowing
the complete disruption of the poultry market
and its huge associated costs to be avoided
La progressione della leishmaniosi canina verso nord: una malattia da tenere sotto controllo
No full textThe increasing attention that leishmaniasis is receiving in Italy is also due to the northward spreading of Leishmania infantum (only species living in the Country). This disease is an important
challenge for veterinarians, under different points of view: diagnosis, therapy, epidemiology and, last but not least, prevention.
A detailed picture of the epidemiologic situation of canine leishmaniosis in North-Eastern Italy, based on a 10-
years entomological and serological monitoring activity, shows the areas at high risk of infection. Finally, since this disease has serious zoonotic implications, the importance of the control of the infection in the dog population is stressed, providing some useful indications for such control activity
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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