196,045 research outputs found
Structure and Thermal Stability of Two Estetrol Solvates
No full textTwo solvates of estetrol have been isolated and characterized by SCXRD and PXRD as well as by thermal analyses, morphology and spectroscopy. Estetrol monohydrate (Estetrol.H2O, S.G. P1, Z = 12) contains 12 molecules in its asymmetric unit with very subtle conformational differences with one another but reveals an intricate network made of intermolecular H-bonds established with the neighbour estetrol molecules and with crystallization water. Each molecule of estetrol methanol hemisolvate (Estetrol.0.5CH(3)OH, S.G. C2, Z = 4) establishes six O-H horizontal ellipsis O bonds with six different neighbours and additional H-bonds with methanol. In both structures, estetrol molecules are organized in a head-to-tail arrangement that favours the formation of O-H horizontal ellipsis O interactions. The increased thermal stability of Estetrol.0.5CH3OH crystals with respect to Estetrol.H2O can be correlated to the strengthened network of H-bonds
La scuola e le altre lingue? Una riflessione epistemologica sugli usi linguistici in contesti scolastici
No full textNella ricerca scientifica sociale, e quella linguistica non fa eccezione, l’acquisizione del dato spesso avviene tramite un’interazione sociale tra chi svolge la ricerca e chi vi partecipa. Ciascuna delle parti mette in campo le sue teorie (implicite ed esplicite) sulla lingua che, interagendo, influenzano l’acquisizione stessa del dato. Le lenti teoriche di chi fa ricerca, formatesi nel solco della tradizione scientifica di riferimento, plasmano la creazione e l’utilizzo degli strumenti di raccolta dei dati; a loro volta coloro che partecipano, nell’atto stesso di prendere parte alla ricerca, si comportano o rispondono applicando teorie soggiacenti alla loro comprensione del funzionamento della lingua e della ricerca linguistica (Corbetta 1999; Iannàccaro 2000).
La linguistica antropologica e la sociolinguistica critica, nate nel contesto nordamericano ma che hanno preso piede ormai anche in Europa (Spitzmüller, 2022), hanno una lunga tradizione di porre uno sguardo critico-riflessivo sulle teorie e i concetti sui quali la sociolinguistica si basa (Baumann & Briggs, 2003; Gal & Woolard, 2014). Di questo sguardo fa parte anche una riflessione sulla maniera nella quale diversi rami della linguistica costruiscono il contesto che si cerca di esplorare e spiegare, spesso in modo distaccato e “diverso” dalla propria attività di ricerca, e verso il quale si dirigono le aspettative e i desideri della disciplina (Spitzmüller, 2019). La ricerca in quest’ambito invita dunque a rendere espliciti i fondamenti ideologici sui quali la propria ricerca si basa (Bucholtz, 2003; Spitzmüller, 2019). Riteniamo che questo invito sia di particolare rilevanza in contesti potenzialmente molto delicati, quali la ricerca sui repertori linguistici e gli usi linguistici di giovani o giovanissimi partecipanti all’interno delle istituzioni scolastiche (e.g., Dal Negro, 2011).
Inserendoci in questo filone di ricerca e prendendo spunto da cinque progetti di ricerca condotti nel contesto scolastico altoatesino con approcci teorico-metodologici diversi, lo studio si propone dunque di rispondere alle seguenti domande di ricerca:
quali sono le conseguenze che assunzioni implicite ed esplicite riguardo alle lingue che si usano – o si dovrebbero usare – a scuola hanno
a) sulla scelta e sull’ideazione degli strumenti di raccolta dei dati?
b) sulla qualità dei dati ottenuti con questi strumenti e la loro interpretabilità e riusabilità da parte della comunità scientifica?
c) sull’interpretazione che si produce a partire da questi dati?
I primi due progetti, KiDiLi (Thoma & Platzgummer, 2023) e STEMCo (Leone-Pizzighella, 2023), che si sono svolti rispettivamente in una scuola dell’infanzia in lingua tedesca e in una scuola secondaria di primo grado in lingua italiana, hanno un orientamento linguistico-etnografico e prendono come punto di partenza il nesso tra la diversità linguistica e le disuguaglianze sociali. Altri due progetti, LEONIDE (Glaznieks et al. 2022) e RepertoirePluS (Zanasi et al., 2020), sono stati condotti in scuole superiori di primo e secondo grado che hanno lingue di istruzione diverse (italiano, tedesco e paritetico nelle valli ladine) e sono incentrati sulla promozione del plurilinguismo e di pratiche didattiche plurilingui e si inseriscono rispettivamente nella ricerca sui learner corpora e sui repertori linguistici. L’ultimo progetto, ITACA (Bienati et al. 2022), ha come obiettivo la valutazione della coerenza testuale in testi di studenti delle scuole superiori di secondo grado in lingua italiana e si avvale di metodi prettamente quantitativi con un forte orientamento monolingue per la rilevazione dei metadati degli studenti.
Nel nostro contributo, esemplificheremo le conseguenze del procedere da presupposti teorici opposti sulla formulazione degli strumenti di ricerca (osservazione partecipante, interviste semi-strutturate, questionari sociolinguistici) e sui dati raccolti sugli usi linguistici in ambito scolastico. Mostreremo come questi usi linguistici vengano registrati e ricostruiti o interpretati in modi a volte radicalmente diversi a seconda che si usino metodologie qualitative, in cui è possibile una negoziazione dei significati, o metodi quantitativi, in cui questa negoziazione non è possibile ed è quindi ancora più necessario prendere preventivamente in considerazione le possibili interazioni tra teorie di chi svolge la ricerca e di chi vi partecipa.
Bibliografia
Bauman, R., & Briggs, C. L. (2003). Voices of modernity: Language ideologies and the politics of inequality. Cambridge University Press.
Bienati, A., Vettori, C., & Zanasi, L. (2022). In viaggio verso ITACA: la coerenza testuale come meta della scrittura scolastica. Proposta di una griglia di valutazione. Italiano a scuola, 4.
Bucholtz, M. (2003). Sociolinguistic nostalgia and the authentication of identity. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 7(3), 398-416.
Corbetta, P. (1999). Metodologia e tecniche della ricerca sociale. il Mulino.
Dal Negro, S. (2011). Notes on the Mother Tongue ideology: Evidence from multilingual environments. New theoretical perspectives in multilingualism research, 185-202.
Gal, S., & Woolard, K. (2014). Languages and publics: The making of authority. Routledge.
Glaznieks, A., Frey, J. C., Stopfner, M., Zanasi, L., & Nicolas, L. (2022). LEONIDE: A longitudinal trilingual corpus of young learners of Italian, German and English. International Journal of Learner Corpus Research, 8(1), 97-120.
Iannàccaro, G. (2000). Per una semantica più puntuale del concetto di "dato linguistico": un tentativo di sistematizzazione epistemologica. QUADERNI DI SEMANTICA, 41(1), 21-49.
Leone-Pizzighella, A. R. (2023, 19 maggio). Cultivating middle school teachers’ communicative repertoire awareness. VIII Convegno Internazionale della Società Italiana di Didattica delle Lingue e Linguistica Educativa. Perugia, Italia.
Spitzmüller, J. (2019). Sociolinguistics going ‘wild’: The construction of auratic fields. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 23(5), 505-520.
Spitzmüller, J. (2022). Soziolinguistik. Eine Einführung. JB Metzler.
Thoma, N., & Platzgummer, V. (2023). ‘It’s a bit contradictory’: teachers’ stances to (practiced) language policies in German-language ECEC in Italy. International Journal of Multilingualism, 1-17.
Zanasi, L., Platzgummer, V., & Engel, D. (2020). Risorse linguistiche nei repertori dei giovani altoatesini, tra lingue standard e dialetti. In: Lingue minoritarie tra localismi e globalizzazione, a cura di Antonietta Marra e Silvia Dal Negro, AItLA, 151-165
Associazione fra esposizione a pesticidi e linfoma Non-Hodgkin. Una meta-analisi di studi osservazionali di medicina del lavoro
No full textDr. Duane M. Jackson, Morehouse College, July 2011
No full textThis video is a conversation with Dr. Duane M. Jackson. Dr. Jackson talks about his paper, "Recall and the Serial Position Effect: The Role of Primacy and Recency on Accounting Students' Performance." Jackie Daniel, AUC Woodruff Library, is the interviewer
Lead optimization studies, synthesis and biological evaluation of new isonipecotamide-based orally active thrombin inhibitors
No full textCurrent anticoagulant therapy of venous thromboembolism (VTE) is based on
parenterally administered heparins and orally administered vitamin K antagonists
(e.g., warfarin), but narrow therapeutic window and side effects, such as bleeding,
diet and genetic makeup influence, are associated with their use [1]. Recently, key
serine proteases of the blood coagulation cascade, such as thrombin (thr) and factor
Xa (fXa), have emerged as promising targets for anticoagulants, and indeed several
direct inhibitors of thr (e.g., argatroban, dabigatran) and fXa (e.g., rivaroxaban,
apixaban) have been introduced in therapy or in advanced clinical trials [2,3].
Some years ago we investigated the isonipecotanilide scaffold for new thr/fXa
inhibitors [4]. Further optimization studies led us to develop new benzyloxy
derivatives of N-(phenyl)-1-(pyridin-4-yl)piperidine-4-carboxamide, one of them
(i.e., the 3-F analog, see below) showing low nanomolar Ki (thr) value, high
selectivity against other serine proteases and good anticoagulant activity as
measured by the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) test. Physicochemical profiles of the newly synthesized compounds were assessed and
their potential oral bioavailability estimated, by measuring effective permeability
coefficients using PAMPA (Parallel Artificial Membrane Permeability Assay)
Combined treatment Fkt-Botulinum toxin type A (Btx-A) in patients with Strumpell-Lorrain disease
No full textThe Hereditary Spastic Paraparesis (HSP) or Strumpell-Lorrain disease is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disease of the spinal cord. It is genetically transmitted and characterized by a progressive muscle weakness, spasticity of the lower limbs and awkward gain. There is no specific pharmacological treatment. The pharmacological therapy decreases the muscle tone and prevents stiffening). Physiotherapy restrains the progression of muscle atrophy, delays contraction of the tendons and gives greater mobility to people affected by the disease. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the efficacy of the combined treatment Fkt and Btx-A in patients with HSP.Retrospective study was conducted recruiting ten patients with spasticity according to Asworth modified scale of at least 2 and with gait deficit. They received treatment for 5 years with incobotulinumtoxinA and physiokinesiotherapy for addressing spasticity in the lower limbs. We evaluated muscle tone with miometric measurement both at the first visit (T0), and at subsequent ones (T1 after 30 days, T2 after 3 months from the first infiltration, T3 after 4 months up to the date of the following infiltration, T4 after 5 months). Baropodometric examination has proven essential for the study of the distribution of loads in statics and dynamics.The data analysis regarding tone assessment through measurements with Myoton highlighted hypertonus reduction in all the three muscle groups examined at T1 and the maintenance of constant values up to 5 months after the first infiltration. It also showed an increase in the percentage of back foot loading in both feet up to T4 (new inoculation, p<0, 05%). Baropodometric examination in dynamics (in particular the speed of the step) showed a gradual increase in this parameter which reaches a peak at 5 months (p<0, 05%) and then declines again in conjunction with the next infiltration treatment.This study showed the benefit of combined treatment with Btx and Fkt. The use of a local muscle relaxant drug with a physical targeted exercise guarantees better mobility of the treated segments, reducing tendon retractions as much as possible, and guarantees an adequate postural alignment. Baropodometric examination highlights a more advantageous distribution load, quite essential for avoiding tendinitis due to overload.Our data observation in the 5 years study shows how the curve relative to the speed of step and the graphics related to the variations of muscle tone remain almost constant with detectable improvement
"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States" By M. Carey.
No full text"Reflections on the subject of Emigration from Europe with a view to Settlement in the United States: containing bried sketches of the moral and political character of those states.
By M. Carey, member of the American philosophical, and of the American Antiquarian Society, and author of The Olive Branch, Cindiciae Hibernicae, essays on banking, on political economy, and on internal improvement.
To which are now added the English editor's comments on the subject; together with Important Advice to Emigrants, and Cautions Against Impositions Practiced in the Outports
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Dr. Glendon Swarthout
No full textHosted by Roger M. Busfield, MSU Assistant Professor of Speech and Theater, Meet the Author is designed to introduce a general audience to a contemporary author and their work through in-depth interviews. This episode features a conversation between Dr. Glendon Swarthout, prolific author and English professor at MSU, and assistant professors Sam S. Baskett and Theodore B. Strandness
Beta-d-Glucosyl Conjugates of Highly Potent Inhibitors of Blood Coagulation Factor Xa Bearing 2-Chorothiophene as a P1 Motif.
No full text- …
