1,720,960 research outputs found
Comfort assessment in the use of shotgun for skeet shooting: An EMG based approach
No full textIn the last decades the improvements of sportive performance are due to the consistent innovation in equipment, clothing and training. Hence for what regards the equipment, comfort is becoming everyday more interesting as it strongly influences the performance and the risks of injuries. Is therefore, proposed in this research a methodology for an assessment of the comfort using frequency domain indexes, that are fatigue dependent, extrapolated from the surface electromyographic signal. The use of mean and median frequency of the surface electromyography were found to be useful indicators of fatigue in dynamic condition hence fatigue can be used as one of the variables concurring in the assessment of comfort. The methodology proposed could be used for both improvement of the performances of the athlete and either for quantifying the comfort in the interaction between the athlete and his sport equipment
Analysis of perceived comfort in Compak Sporting competition
No full textINTRODUCTION: Comfort perceived by the shooter is influenced by several factors including the recoil of the shotgun and the number of
shots fired in a certain time. In general, the recoil of a shotgun is influenced by its own weight and by the presence or absence of recoil
reduction systems. On the other hand, a clay shooting sport such as Compak Sporting consists of two 25 clays series per day, for a total
of 200 clays in 4 consecutive days. In this discipline over&under shotgun is widespread.
In this study the perceived comfort is investigated in terms of exertion and ache produced by shotgun recoil on shooter using skin temperature
responses, pain and effort scales.
METHODS: A Compak Sporting simulated competition was carried out using three over&under shotguns (model 828U, Benelli Armi
S.p.A., Urbino, Italy): two hunting shotguns (weight 3019 g) differing in the presence (S1) or absence (S2) of ‘Progressive Comfort System’
(damping device) and one sportive (weight 3564 g) without damping device (S3).
6 male subjects (age 26.8±4.6 yrs; BMI 22.9±1.5 kg/m2) with a minimum of 4 years shooting experience were recruited. Each shooter
fired with all shotguns and was blinded to which one was firing with. Shooting sessions were separated by 30 days of rest. The onset of
fatigue or pain was investigated by means of two different approaches. Infrared thermography images (IR) was used as an objective
measure to analyse the presence of any injuries on the upper trunk. In contrast, a subjective measure of pain and exertion was performed
through Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE). The evaluation tests were carried out before and after two
shooting series, per four consecutive days. One-way ANOVA was used to compare VAS, RPE and temperature variations within the
interface area between the shotgun and the shooter, which was formerly identified inside the infrared images.
RESULTS: The evaluation tests showed these results: VAS=2.2±1.7; RPE=6.8±0.5; IR=0.43±0.26°C for S1; VAS=6.0±1.5; RPE=7.8±0.5;
IR=0.82±0.5°C for S2; VAS=2.5±1.5; RPE=6.7±0.6; IR=0.36±0.32°C for S3. Using a heavier shotgun (S3) or one with a damping device (S1)
led to a significantly (p<0.02) reduced temperature increase compared to a light shotgun (S2). The same trend was observed through
subjective measures: both VAS and RPE confirm a significant reduction (p<0.02) in pain and exertion perceived by shooters using S1 and
S3 compared to S2.
CONCLUSION: Objective and subjective measures of comfort perceived by the shooter in a simulated competition show the same tendency.
In general, a heavier shotgun or one lighter but equipped with a damping device causes a lower recoil than that produced by a
light shotgun. This results in less effort and pain experienced by the shooter leading to an improved perception of comfort. These finding
are well supported by both quantitative (IR) and qualitative (VAS,RPE) data with strong statistical significance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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