1,720,990 research outputs found
Towards energy performance evaluation in early stage building design: a simplification methodology for commercial building models
No full textThe paper analyses the benefits of the application of energy analysis in the early-stage building design,in particular for large commercial buildings. The research highlights the barriers that prevent this earlyintegration and finally proposes the development of a methodology tailored around the optimizationof energy efficiency during early-stage design. In general, the research aims to identify (a) the accuracyobtainable through progressive simplifications of the building model, (b) the most significant buildingparameters with respect to the model result accuracy and (c) the maximum number of simplificationsable to ensure the respect of time requirements dictated by early-stage building design and to maintainan acceptable level of correctness. Here, as detailed example of simplification process, a case study ofa large multi-storey office building is modelled starting with a previous detailed simulation performedthrough EnergyPlus and Openstudio software. The detailed model is then analyzed and progressivelysimplified. At each progressive simplification step, a comparison with the detailed results is given interms of building energy needs and power curves of the system. The analysis is performed based on threedifferent system hypotheses: a single-zone system and a variable air volume system with and withouthumidity control. The quantitative differences between detailed and simplified model are analyzed todetermine the quality of the results of the simplified model.
New domain for promoting energy efficiency: Energy Flexible Building Cluster
Get PDFThe ongoing energy system shift-from traditional centralized fossil fuel based to decentralized renewable energy sources based-requires a strengthened control of energy matching. Smart buildings represent the latest step in building energy evolution and perform as active participants in the cluster/energy infrastructure scale, becoming energy prosumers. In this framework, the IEA EBC Annex 67 introduces the concept of 'Energy Flexible Building', defined as a building able to manage its demand and generation in accordance with local climate conditions, user needs and grid requirements. Currently, there is no insight into how much flexibility a building may offer, and this study aims to overview the theoretical approaches and existing indicators to evaluate the Energy Flexibility of building clusters. The focus on cluster scale allows for the exploitation of the variation in energy consumption patterns between different types of buildings and the coordination of load shifting for the improvement of renewable energy use. The reviewed indicators can contribute to the definition of the Smart Readiness Indicator, introduced in the European Commission proposal for the EPBD revision, in order to test a building's technological readiness to adapt to the needs of the occupants and the energy environment, as well as to operate more efficiently
Solution-sets for a regenerative environment
No full textIn the field of regenerative design, several interrelated, innovative building concepts are now challenging the traditional building paradigm and even present-day standards for sustainable design, by introducing the idea of buildings as more dynamic and interactive structures. These include the concepts of living, regenerative, restorative, and adaptive building components. In this way, these technological solutions can be defined as multifunctional highly adaptive systems, where the physical separator between the interior and exterior environment can change both its functions and its features and behaviour over time, in response to transient performance requirements and boundary conditions, with the aim of improving the overall building performance [Romano, Aelenei, Aelenei, and Mazzucchelli, 2018] protecting people from hazards and helping them access such resources as food, water, and shelter [Gambato and Zerbi, 2019]. Finally, within the principles of biophilic design, which is “the theory, science and practise of creating buildings inspired by nature, with the aim to continue the individual’s connection with nature in the environments in which we live and work every day” [Kellert, Heerwagen, and Mador, 2011], it is important to develop solutions that are imbued with positive emotional experiences, in their shape, form and dimensional design. The previous chapters have defined the characteristics of regenerative indoor environments, the environmental aspects contributing to the achievement of such goals, as well as the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) that will be used to assess the efficacy of the solutions. The question addressed in this chapter is how those performance levels can be achieved. More specifically, the chapter will provide advice and guidelines on the technological solution-sets that designers might apply to achieve a regenerative indoor environment. After a first definition of the main environmental aspects under consideration and the functions of the building that will be considered, the general framework for the collection of information on the various technological solutions available on the market will be presented. In the second part of the chapter, several technical solutions will be presented, which are grouped into the three main building systems: building envelope, interior elements and finishes, and active systems (Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC), renewable energy systems (RES), and controls). Finally, the integration of technical solutions previously identified as suitable for achieving the regenerative goals will be discussed. Within these scenarios, examples of integrated solutions designed by trainees attending the 4th COST RESTORE Training school, held in Venice, between the 2nd and the 5th of December 2019, will be summarized and discussed.Building Product Innovatio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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