1,721,091 research outputs found
AES, EELS AND XPS STUDY OF ION-INDUCED GAAS AND INP(110) SURFACE AND SUBSURFACE MODIFICATIONS
No full textSurfaces of GaAs and InP(110) single crystals have been modified by ion bombardment at different energies. The modofications induced in the surface and subsurface regions have been investigated by different electron spectroscopies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Towards a Building-block approach for Managing Open Innovation in SMEs
No full textObjectives
The aim of this paper is to give a new perspective of analysis on the recent increasing interest in open innovation in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). More specifically, the goal of this article is firstly to investigate the fundamental classes of elements which can be considered in managing open innovation. Secondly, it is proposed an approach more tailored to the intrinsic characteristics of SMEs on how to deal with the ―era of open innovation‖ (Chesbrough, 2003).
Prior Work
Due to the scarcity of resources and therefore the need to extend technological competences through alliances or networks, the open innovation approach has always existed in SMEs. However, as many authors have pointed out, much of the literature has regarded open innovation practices in large, high-tech multinational enterprises (Chesbrough, 2003; Kirschbaum, 2005). Only recently the focus has moved toward open innovation in SMEs (Lee et al., 2010; van de Vrande et al., 2009). Even though there is no single best way for doing open innovation (Nambisan & Sawhney, 2007), in the context of SMEs it is preferred an incremental approach, through a step-by-step experiencing (van de Vrande et al., 2009).
Approach
A building-block model is derived by integrating several strands of analysis and taking into account complex adaptive system (CAS), concepts of emergence, adaptability, fit and evolution. Due to the ―social‖ aspects of open innovation (collaborations, alliances, network, etc.) the activity system firstly illustrated by Engeström (1987) is chosen as framework to depict the fundamental classes of elements in the open innovation context.
Results
As confirmed by the literature review, the open innovation process in the context of SMEs must be slow, gradual and in a try & learn logic. In this perspective, the building block model fits in representing the open innovation process in SMEs.
Implications
The building block model identifies the key elements to manage open innovation in SMEs. The parallelism with the activity system contributes to import aspects of the theory of social systems into the open innovation paradigm. From a managerial perspective, a tool is proposed to represent and plan the management of open innovation.
Value
The framework of analysis takes into account the social aspects of open innovation, in a flexible, organized and structured manner. By means of it, the company is supported to build its own open innovation building block model, which is unique and dynamic in time
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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