1,720,996 research outputs found
Nitroxide radicals protect against DNA damage in rat epithelial cells induced by nitric oxide, nitroxyl anion and peroxynitrite.
No full textIn order to gain more knowledge on the antioxidant role of nitroxide radicals, in this study we investigate their possible protective action against DNA damage induced by nitric oxide (NO) and reactive nitrogen oxide species deriving from it, namely nitroxyl anion (NO(-)) and peroxynitrite (ONOO(-)). Rat trachea epithelial cells were exposed under aerobic conditions to (1) NO generated by 150 microM S-nitrosoglutathione monoethyl ester (GSNO-MEE), (2) NO(-) generated by 200 microM Angeli's salt (Na(2)N(2)O(3)) (3) ONOO(-) generated by 1mM SIN-1 (3-morpholino-sydnonimine) and (4) 100 microM synthesized ONOO(-), in the absence and presence of 5 microM of two indolinonic nitroxides synthesized by us and the piperidine nitroxide TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl). DNA damage was assessed using the comet assay-a rapid and sensitive, single-cell gel electrophoresis technique used to detect primary DNA damage in individual cells. The parameter tail moment, used as an index of DNA damage, showed that in all cases the nitroxides remarkably inhibited DNA strand breaks induced by the different nitrogen oxide species. All three nitroxides protect to the same extent, except in the case of synthesized peroxynitrite where the aromatic nitroxides 1 and 2 are more efficient than TEMPO. These findings are consistent with the antioxidant character of nitroxide compounds and give additional information on the potential implications for their use as therapeutic agents
Comparative permeability of phosphatidylcholine liposomes at various degree of oxidation
No full textIn vitro effect of vinburnine on physico-chemical and functional properties of erythrocyte membranes: a spin label study
No full textClinical aspects of Coenzyme Q10 in relation with its bioenergetic and antioxidant properties.
No full textFor a number of years, coenzyme Q (CoQ10 in humans), was known for its key role in mitochondrial bioenergetics; later studies demonstrated its presence in other subcellular fractions and in plasma, and also extensively investigated its antioxidant role. This chapter discusses the relationship between the acknowledged bioenergetic role of CoQ10 and some clinical effects. The antioxidant properties of CoQ10 are then analyzed especially for their consequences on protection of circulating human low-density lipoproteins and prevention of atherogenesis. The relationship between CoQ 10 and statins is also discussed in the light of possible involvement of CoQ10 deficiency in the issue of statin side effects. New aspects of the antioxidant involvement of coenzyme Q are also discussed together with their relevance in cardiovascular disease. Data are reported on the efficacy of CoQ10 in ameliorating endothelial dysfunction in patients affected by ischemic heart disease. Many of the effects of CoQ10, which were classically ascribed to its bioenergetic properties, are now considered as the result of its biochemical interaction with nitric oxide (NO), NO synthase and reactive oxygen species capable of inactivating NO. Clinical studies are reported highlighting the effect of CoQ10 on extracellular SOD, which is deeply involved in endothelial dysfunction. Previous studies have shown decreased levels of CoQ10 in the seminal plasma and sperm cells of infertile men with different kinds of asthenospermia. Research has been extended to supplementation with CoQ10 of infertile men affected by idiopathic asthenozoospermia. CoQ10 levels increased significantly in seminal plasma and sperm cells after 6 months of treatment with concomitant improvement of sperm cell motility. © 2008 Springer Netherlands
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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