100,926 research outputs found
Remarques au sujet de la conception du modèle économique socialiste de Tibor Liska
No full textSome Observations on Tibor Liska's View of a Socialist Economic Model.
According to Berend, Tibor Liska has become something of a legend among Hungarian economists, and his highly original model has understandably aroused considerable controversy, not least with the author himself.
Berend attempts first of all to situate Liska's ideas within the framework of Hungarian theory and practice. He outlines briefly the historical development of the socialist economic system, from Marx and Engels, via the Soviet experience, to the Hungarian model which has been evolving since the mid-sixties, and which, as we know, has generated much interest.
In Berend's view, Liska's activities, his ideas and his writings, form an integral part of the historical development of socialist economic theory, particularly the reformist currents in the last three decades. However, while in agreement with certain of Liska's propositions, he is unable to accept any system based on these ideas. In particular, he is critical of his notorious principles of free competition and the auction, which in his view have no contact with reality, a consideration which does not at all enter into Liska's calculations. He sees in Liska's model an extremist system, which in practice would preclude any intervention by the state, even in social or cultural activities. Liska's radical concepts, when systematized, turn out to be conservative, therefore retrograde and in any case Utopian. This is Berend's conclusion after a well-argued case.Selon Berend, Tibor Liska a pris une stature quasi mythique parmi les économistes hongrois et son audacieux modèle soulève évidemment bien des controverses, à commencer par celles de l'auteur de l'article.
Ce dernier essaie d'abord de replacer le système de pensée de Liska dans la théorie et la pratique hongroises. Il décrit brièvement l'évolution historique du système économique socialiste, partant de Marx et Engels et passant par l'expérience soviétique pour arriver au modèle hongrois en formation depuis le milieu des années soixante, modèle qui suscite l'intérêt que l'on sait.
Berend estime que les activités, les idées et les écrits de Liska font partie intégrante de l'évolution historique de la théorie économique socialiste et notamment de la pensée réformiste des trois dernières décennies. Mais, alors qu'il apprécie nombre d'éléments proposés par Liska, il ne peut adhérer au système construit sur la base de ses idées. Il critique en particulier les fameux principes de libre concurrence et de mise à l'enchère qui, pour lui, se heurtent à la réalité, ce dont Liska ne tient absolument pas compte. Il y voit un système excessif, qui interdit pratiquement l'intervention étatique y compris dans le domaine des activités sociales et culturelles. Les conceptions radicales de Liska, en se posant en sysème, deviennent conservatrices, voire rétrogrades et en tout cas utopiques. C'est la conclusion à laquelle Berend parvient au bout d'une argumentation bien construite.Berend T. Ivàn. Remarques au sujet de la conception du modèle économique socialiste de Tibor Liska. In: Revue d'études comparatives Est-Ouest, vol. 14, 1983, n°1. pp. 29-45
Molpadia liska Pawson 1977
No full textMolpadia liska Pawson, 1977 (Figs 9 B–G, 11) Molpadia liska Pawson, 1977: 115 –116, figs 6 (a–g, i), 7 (a–b, d) Material. M 48 / 1333: 1 specimen (ZSM 20043068), 1 specimen (ZSM 20043069). M 48 / 1349: 4 specimens (ZSM 20020025). M 48 / 1351: 5 specimens (ZSM 20020028). Description. The specimens range from 24 to 63 mm in length, and 6 to 13 mm in width (at calcareous ring). The body is approximately cylindrical, with a tapering posterior end, resulting in a very short tail (only few millimetres long). Preserved specimens are dirtywhite with a tinge of pink. Fifteen retracted tentacles encompass the terminal mouth. Likewise, the anus is terminal and in each radius there are few short anal papillae. The calcareous ring is solid, smooth and composed of five radial plates (Fig. 9 B: ldr, lvr), with prominent posterior projections and five much smaller interradial plates (Fig. 9 B: llir). The tentacle ampullae are short. Longitudinal muscle bands are undivided. There is one tubular polian vesicle in the left ventral radius. The single stone canal is long and embedded in the dorsal mesentery and has a large oval madreporite body close to the dorsal body wall. The gonad consists of tufts of branching, tubules on both sides of the dorsal mesentery. The intestine forms a large loop (as long as body) and the respiratory trees are conspicuous. The calcareous deposits of the body wall (Figs 9 C–D) and the tail (Figs 9 E–F) are exclusively tables with 3–9 holes and a large solid spire, derived from three fused pillars, with 4–6 terminal hooklets. The tables of the body wall in the current specimens on average range from 95 to 121 (Tab. 2) and usually have 4 or 5 holes, while the tables from the tail are smaller, on average 86 to 105 in diameter (Tab. 2) and have fewer holes (3 or 4). There are no phosphatic deposits, but anal teeth are present (Fig. 9 G). Remarks. The current specimens agree in all details with Molpadia liska as characterised by Pawson (1977): body wall and tail deposits similar, exclusively tables with solid spires composed of three fused pillars, with usually three perforations but often with more up to a maximum of eight. Table deposit diameters of the current specimens are also in accordance with the table sizes as presented by Pawson (Tab. 2). There is only one other species known to possess similar table deposits in the body wall and in the tail: Molpadia discors Pawson, 1977. This species differs from Molpadia liska by its invariable number of three holes per table, which in Molpadia liska may be up to eight or nine (Pawson 1977). Another closely related species, which may result in misidentifications, is Molpadia blakei (Théel, 1886), which with certainty is known from the northern Atlantic deepsea (Pawson et al. 2001). This species differs from M. liska by the presence of fusiform rods (mean length: 256) in the tail, which are perforated by large holes and have a low spire (Pawson et al. 2001). TABLE 2. Molpadia liska Pawson, 1977. Means, standard deviations (in parentheses) and range of diameter of tables from body wall (D bw,) and from tail (D t,) compared to range of mean values as presented by Pawson (1977) for the type specimens. n —number of measurements. This is the first record of this species for the Atlantic Ocean, and the known depth range is considerably increased from 4740 to more than 5420 m. Distribution. (Fig. 11) Southeastern Atlantic Ocean, southwestern Pacific Ocean and Southern Ocean, 3111–5426 m (Pawson 1977; herein).Published as part of Bohn, Jens Michael, 2006, Crinoidea and Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) of the abyssal Angola Basin — Results of the DIVA 1 expedition of FS " Meteor " (Cruise M 48 / 1), pp. 1-31 in Zootaxa 1276 on pages 19-21, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17333
Richardson School Class of 1920
No full textCopy photograph of 41 students and teachers from Richardson School Class of 1920. They are standing in five rows in front of a brick building. They are identified as (left to right, back row) Graham Pierce, Miss Beulah Brown (teacher), Mamie Floyd, Sam Jinks, W. T. Galloway (principal), Mary Campbell, Irene Cain, Walter Fender, Asia Whittenburg, Iva Rippy, (third row) Lillie Terry, Ola Christie, Glenn Huffhines, Clarence Reddick, Ollie Ballard, Amer/Omar Whittenburg, Odie Offutt, Amy Chick, Florence Jackson, (second row) Mary Price, Rosa Lee Christie, Liska Arnold, Mary Ashby, Dorothy Scott, Carrie Lee Ashby, Martin Parks, Willie McIlvan, Norma Watson, (first row) Frank Bowser, Effie McGee, Thelma Robinson, Wilburn Rose, E. L. Certain, Faye Robinson, Bess Ashby, Jack Rowland, Ray Smith, and Cecil Davis
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
A Dual Role for Hyperbaric Oxygen in Stroke Neuroprotection: Preconditioning of the Brain and Stem Cells
No full textStroke continues to be an extremely prevalent disease and poses a great challenge in developing safe and effective therapeutic options. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) has demonstrated significant pre-clinical effectiveness for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, and limited potential in treating chronic neurological deficits. Reported benefits include reductions in oxidative stress, inflammation, neural apoptosis, and improved physiological metrics such as edema and oxygen perfusion, all of which contribute to improved functional recovery. This pre-clinical evidence has failed to translate into an effective evidence-based therapy, however, due in large part to significant inconsistencies in treatment protocols and design of clinical studies. While the medical community works to standardize clinical protocols in an effort to advance HBOT for acute stroke, pre-clinical investigations continue to probe novel applications of HBOT in an effort to optimize stroke neuroprotection. One such promising strategy is HBOT preconditioning. Based upon the premise of mild oxidative stress priming the brain for tolerating the full-blown oxidative stress inherent in stroke, HBOT preconditioning has displayed extensive efficacy. Here, we first review the pre-clinical and clinical evidence supporting HBOT delivery following ischemic stroke and then discuss the scientific basis for HBOT preconditioning as a neuroprotective strategy. Finally, we propose the innovative concept of stem cell preconditioning, in tandem with brain preconditioning, as a promising regenerative pathway for maximizing the application of HBOT for ischemic stroke treatment
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pelevin’s Trinity in the novel “t”: author – protagonist – reader
No full textThe article attempts to interpret Pelevin's artistic strategy in the novel "T" by exploring its subject organization and addressing the key problems of the author, the protagonist, and the reader as they are seen by the researcher. The article analyzes the peculiarities of constructing the narrative reality in the novel "T", and goes on to discuss Pelevin's philosophic models of the development of the humankind, and the emergence of his new anthropology
Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method
No full textIn this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;
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