1,738,564 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Microbial enrichment culture responsible for the complete oxidative biodegradation of 3‑Amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (ATO), the reduced daughter product of the insensitive munitions compound 3‑Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO)
No full text3-Nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (NTO) is one of the main ingredients of many insensitive munitions, which are being used as replacements for conventional explosives. As its use becomes widespread, more research is needed to assess its environmental fate. Previous studies have shown that NTO is biologically reduced to 3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (ATO). However, the final degradation products of ATO are still unknown. We have studied the aerobic degradation of ATO by enrichment cultures derived from the soil. After multiple transfers, ATO degradation was monitored in closed bottles through measurements of inorganic carbon and nitrogen species. The results indicate that the members of the enrichment culture utilize ATO as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. As ATO was mineralized to CO₂, N₂, and NH₄⁺, microbial growth was observed in the culture. Co-substrates addition did not increase the ATO degradation rate. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that the organisms that enriched using ATO as carbon and nitrogen source were Terrimonas spp., Ramlibacter-related spp., Mesorhizobium spp., Hydrogenophaga spp., Ralstonia spp., Pseudomonas spp., Ectothiorhodospiraceae, and Sphingopyxis. This is the first study to report the complete mineralization of ATO by soil microorganisms, expanding our understanding of natural attenuation and bioremediation of the explosive NTO.Journal ArticleFinal article publishe
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The hunt for knowledge: hunting in Latin didactic poets
No full textMy dissertation explores the use of hunting in five didactic poems as a means to characterize their attitudes towards the human ability to acquire true understanding. Lucretius’ De Rerum Natura, Vergil’s Georgics, Ovid’s Ars Amatoria, Grattius’ Cynegetica and Nemesianus’ Cynegetica—didactic poems written in Latin from the first century BCE to the third century CE—respond to questions of human perception and knowledge in different ways, but they all use the hunt to represent the human search. Lucretius’ De Rerum Natura uses hunting as a metaphor for the reader’s actions, and parallels himself, his philosophical forefather Epicurus, and the reader to dogs hunting out proofs and ataraxia, “freedom from care,” the goal or prey of the Epicurean hunt. According to Lucretius, this hunt has the potential to be successful: humankind can obtain its ultimate goal of ataraxia if it follows Epicureanism. Vergil’s Georgics is less optimistic about the ability of humankind to be successful in their hunt for knowledge. Farmers, the protagonists of the Georgics, are presented as knowing how to hunt and can follow the tracks of Justice, but there is no indication that they obtain it. The poem closes with the myth of Aristaeus, which displays the deceitful nature of prey (Proteus) to humankind (Aristaeus) and presents man’s imperfect methods for capturing knowledge. Ovid’s Ars Amatoria, a playful didactic about seduction, similarly puts forth a pessimistic view of human knowledge via hunting metaphors. The reader’s education, presented as a hunt for the beloved, ultimately backfires and his knowledge fails him, as violently allegorized in the myth of Cephalus and Procris in Book 3. Grattius’ Cynegetica makes the figurative use of the hunt into the literal subject of the poem, but Grattius’ hunting poem is also an exploration of knowledge and morality. It reasserts an optimistic view of knowledge while at the same correcting Lucretius’ Epicurean moral and religious views. I finish by looking at Nemesianus’ Cynegetica, which provides a useful contrast to the previous works since the surviving fragment turns away from metaphysical and epistemological questions in favor of practical advice and literary reflection.Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Lisa A. Whitlatc
Molecular analysis and infectivity of Puccinia species pathogenic to turfgrass
No full textRust (Puccinia spp.) has become an increasingly prevalent disease of cool-season turfgrasses over the past two decades. Unlike the cereal rust pathosystem, pathogen biology, populations, races, and species of rust fungi associated with turfgrasses have not been well studied. In this thesis, isolates of turfgrass rust fungi from the United States and four other countries were evaluated for genetic variation within the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and were identified using phylogenetic analysis. Three rust species were revealed in the sample collection: Puccinia coronata, P. graminis, and P. striiformis. P. coronata was frequently found in association with Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis), a host/pathogen relationship that has not been previously reported. Since the ITS region exhibited sufficient nucleotide variation for the identification of turfgrass rust species within the sample collection, this region was used to design species-specific primers and probes for the development of an accurate, reliable, real-time PCR assay to rapidly diagnose rust fungi from diseased turfgrass tissue. Accurate, reproducible species identifications were made using as few as 50-150 urediniospores, even in mixed infections. This protocol was designed so that diagnosticians, pathologists, and turfgrass breeders who may have limited molecular training can identify rust species on turfgrass with relative ease. This study represents the first DNA-based evaluation of turfgrass rust fungi and provides a quick and reliable sequence-based protocol as an alternative to error-prone field-based identification techniques. However, research and breeding efforts are still impeded by the inability to rapidly screen new turfgrass germplasm for resistance to rust and difficulty in obtaining pure isolates of rust fungi for genotyping analysis. By adapting and modifying a protocol designed for cereal rust fungi, an inoculation procedure was developed for two turfgrass rust species prevalent in temperate regions: P. coronata and P. graminis. Uredinia of both species were induced on Kentucky bluegrass cultivars Bewitched, Diva, and Ulysses 14 days after inoculation. The molecular, diagnostic, and infectivity studies described in this thesis will serve as a foundation for future research on the rust fungi that attack turfgrass.M.S.Includes bibliographical referencesIncludes vitaby Lisa A. Beir
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Lisa A. for Fowler and White, D
No full textLisa A. The ship\u27s name, Lisa A. is printed on the portside bow of the ship, docked in a harbor. Photo taken for Fowler and White.https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/gandy/6186/thumbnail.jp
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