1,728,627 research outputs found
Playable urban form - a framework of building play-friendly neighborhoods for children
Full text linkBuilding a child-friendly city is supporting the sustainable development goal of cities. This concept was firstly proposed in 1996. By 2021, more than 870 cities worldwide have obtained the certification from United Nations Children's Fund. The Chinese government also paid great attention to the child issue. With the efforts of researchers and governments, practices and theories are becoming comprehensive. This paper discusses the child-friendly city at the neighbourhood level. Building a playable neighbourhood contributes to making a child-friendly environment. Children's play space could be divided into two categories: the formal play places, for example, small gardens and playgrounds designed especially for kids, and the other is informal play place, which is not designed for children but gathered with children spontaneously. The network of the playable urban form includes both two categories. The framework of building play-friendly neighbourhoods can be achieved through accessibility, safety, and affordance, which are concluded by literature review, and then this system was got tested for analysis in one neighbourhood of Nanjing, China
Playgrounds in the city, the city as a playground
No full textL'abstract è presente nell'allegato / the abstract is in the attachmen
Cost-effective radiation hardened techniques for microprocessor pipelines
No full textThe aggressive scaling of semiconductor devices has caused a significant increase in the soft error rate induced by radiation particle strikes. This has led to an increasing need for soft error tolerance techniques to maintain system reliability, even for sea-level commodity computer products. Conventional radiation-hardening techniques, typically used in safety-critical applications, are prohibitively expensive for non-safety-critical microprocessors in terrestrial environments. Providing effective hardening solutions for general logic in microprocessor pipelines, in particular, is a major challenge and still remains open. This thesis studies the soft error effects on modern microprocessors, with the aim to develop cost-effective soft error mitigation techniques for general logic, and provide a comprehensive soft error treatment for commercial microprocessor pipelines.This thesis presents three major contributions. The first contribution proposes two novel radiation hardening flip-flop architectures, named SETTOFF. A reliability evaluation model, which can statistically analyse the reliability of different circuit architectures, is also developed. The evaluation results from 65nm and 120nm technologies show that SETTOFF can provide better error-tolerance capabilities than most previous techniques. Compared to a TMR-latch, SETTOFF can reduce area, power, and delay overheads by over 50%, 86%, and 78%, respectively. The second contribution proposes a self-checking technique based on the SETTOFF architectures. The self-checking technique overcomes the common limitation of most previous techniques by realising a self checking capability, which allows SETTOFF to mitigate both the errors occurring in the original circuitry, and the errors occurring in the redundancies added for error-tolerance. Evaluation results demonstrated that the self-checking architecture can provide much higher Multiple-Bit-Upsets tolerant capabilities with significantly less power and delay penalties, compared to the traditional ECC technique, for protecting the register file. The third contribution proposes a novel pipeline protection mechanism, which is achieved by incorporating the SETTOFF-based self-checking cells into the microprocessor pipeline. An architectural replay recovery scheme is developed to recover the relevant errors detected by the self-checking SETTOFF architecture. The evaluation results show that the proposed mechanism can effectively mitigate both SEUs and SETs occurring in different parts of the pipeline. It overcomes the drawback of most previous pipeline protection techniques and achieves a complete and cost effective pipeline protection.<br/
A New Framework of Urban Serious Game to Empower the Smartness of Citizens
Full text linkWith the Smart City concept gaining momentum around the world in recent years, Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) have become increasingly popular and indispensable. However, existing criticisms claim that, in addition to Technology, the smartness of citizens should also be emphasized. In other words, it is essential to enable citizens to become involved in their cities as stakeholders. In this paper, a game-based approach to facilitate the involvement of citizens in civic life is taken. By analyzing some popular digital video games, Augmented Reality (AR) and theories from socialists and psychologists, a new Urban-gaming framework is built, which could be used for data collection, decision-making and other urban issues
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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