1,720,988 research outputs found
Embodied energy and infrastructural planning. Improve high speed rail systems or air services?
No full textRail transport is often considered more sustainable than other transport modes, especially air transport. If one compares the operation consumption of trains and aircrafts only, this is inherently true. The present paper presents an unconventional methodology to assess the preferable solutions evaluating the embodied energy of the transport infrastructures, so as to calculate the Lifecycle Energy Requirement of air and rail transport services. The methodology is then applied to an imaginary transport service between two cities, and benchmarked against different transport supplies provided and various morphological condition of the territory affecting the complexity of the rail infrastructur
Transportation Elasticity for the Analysis of Italian Transportation Demand on a Regional Scale
No full textIs there a relationship between economic fluctuations and transportation demand? How does a GDP variation influence passenger and freight mobility? Interested readers may find an answer to both these questions in the following paper. Taking Italian regions as subject of the analysis, the paper describes a simplified but rather reliable elasticity-based procedure for the analysis of transportation demand. Within this paper, elasticity can be roughly defined as the percentage change in the transportation demand produced from a unit fluctuation of GDP. The concept of elasticity will be widely defined in section 1, also summarising some of the most interesting results of the literature. As the use of elasticity for the forecast of transportation demand is also considered in this paper, section 2 deals with a brief overview of the main methods. In section 3, relations between transportation demand and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) for Italy are derived, a forecast method based on transportation elasticity is developed and its results considered in the light of the literature. Section 4 gives statistic evidence to the method and analyses of demand elasticity of the Italian regional systems. Finally, some conclusions are drawn (section 5)
A Cost-Benefit-Analysis and Multi-Criteria Analysis as Decision Support Systems in Transportation Engineering
No full textThis paper presents a discussion on feasibility problems in transportation engineering, comparing the methodologies and the input data of the Cost Benefit Analysis [CBA], Financial Analysis [FA] and Multicriteria Analysis [MCA].
The startup is the uncertainty of the input data and of the externalities evaluation in CBA and FA in comparison with the complexity of decisions to be assumed by Decision Makers and Authorities.
In this situation the authors propose that CBA and MCA have to be used jointly for realize a well established Decision Support System, assuring with that the economic feasibility and the clear comparison of all effects of the alternatives examined
Autostrada vs. Alta Velocità: analisi energetica del ciclo di vita
No full textL'articolo presenta un confronto, basato su parametri economici e ambientali (LCA), tra il trasporto autostradale e il trasporto Ferroviario ad Alta Velocità per la tratta Brescia-Bergamo-Milan
“Italian Megaprojct:High- Speed Railway Feasibility”
No full textThis paper analyzes the feasibility of a new high-speed railway line (megaproject) in order to establish and
verify the minimal conditions, that influence the results of the analysis (parameter values of: cost per km, amount of
demand and share of diverted traffic from road system). Feasibility is investigated from the many different
standpoints, such as those represented by the Infrastructure Manager, the Railway Operator and the Community.
As for the first two subjects involved in the projects, their financial sustainability must be verified; for the latter, the
economic achievability needs to be proved.
Keywords: railway project, financial analysis, cost-benefit analysis, charges, traffic demand.
JEL Classification: L91, L98, R42
Costi del sistema ferroviario a confronto con i sistemi concorrenziali
No full textLa valutazione dei costi del sistema ferroviario richiede di analizzare separatamente i soggetti coinvolti, in quanto i costi vengono valutati in modo differente ed i diversi soggetti li prendono in considerazione e li valutano in modo differente.
In linea generale è possibile prendere in considerazione tre punti di vista che rappresentano diversi soggetti interessanti al sistema:
• Il gestore dell’infrastruttura (IM: Infrastructure Manager, in Italia RFI, Rete Ferroviaria Italiana),
• L’operatore dei servizi (anche denominato “Impresa Ferroviaria” – IF)
• La collettività, che rappresenta l’intera comunità coinvolta in termini di cittadini, imprese e decisori politici.
Questi attori considerano i costi ed i ricavi in modi diversi, per la valutazione della utilità di una infrastruttura di trasporto. In alcuni casi lo stesso soggetto ha più di una funzione ed in altri la stessa funzione può essere svolta da diversi soggetti: il gestore del servizio potrebbe corrispondere anche al proprietario dell'infrastruttura o il proprietario e il gestore dell'infrastruttura possono essere due figure diverse o, ancora, il gestore del servizio non necessariamente è anche proprietario di veicoli.
Il capitolo esamina tutti i costi e li confronta sia a livello europeo sia con i sistemi concorrenziali pubblici e privat
Caratteristiche della rete stradale urbana in funzione dei flussi di traffico da servire
No full textGli autori esaminano le relazioni funzionali tra deflusso stradale e standard stradali, ed in particolare presentano un approfondimento metodologico ed operativo delle seguenti relazioni:
1.Velocità, sicurezza e caratteristiche delle strade urbane
2.Velocità, capacità e livello di servizio di un asse stradale
3.Velocità e caratteristiche della strada
4.Capacità della rete stradale urbana e piano di circolazione
5. Effetto dei nodi secondari sul deflusso di itinerario e sulle relazioni flusso-velocità
6. L'effetto sul deflusso delle misure di controllo e gestione del traffic
A deterministic model for measuring the attraction of the railway
No full textThe major world changes, such as the recent financial crisis, require a critical reflection on the global growth models. In transportation, the massive use of private resources for the management of individual transport is opposed to the limited resources used for public transport systems: normally, the higher costs of the former prevent the development of the latter, thus determining a disutility if referred to the welfare and a more fair distribution of the resources. Some virtuous examples at European level demonstrate the importance of a balance between the two addends.
To this aim, the “Shift To Train” model is here presented: this deterministic model allows calculating the potential demand that the railway line could attract. The case study of three railway lines in the Italian region of Veneto highlights that this shift might be guaranteed if the services are improved and specific political measures are adopted. Among them, the paper identifies competitive frequency and travel times; alignment of the supply to the demand; improvement of the rolling stock, the stations, and the interchange areas; focus on pedestrians and bike corridors as the most importan
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